The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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15 years of wolf monitoring plans at wind farm areas in Portugal. What do we know? Where should we go? | da Costa, G.; Petrucci-Fonseca, F.; Álvares, F. | Presentation | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Habitat Change | Terrestrial Mammals | |
Using the Interim PCoD framework to assess the potential impacts of offshore wind developments in Eastern English Waters on harbour porpoises in the North Sea | Booth, C.; Harwood, J.; Plunkett, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Reindeer habitat use in relation to two small wind farms, during preconstruction, construction, and operation | Skarin, A.; Alam, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance | Terrestrial Mammals | |
Responses of bottlenose dolphins and harbor porpoises to impact and vibration piling noise during harbor construction | Graham, I.; Pirotta, E.; Merchant, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Year-Round Spatiotemporal Distribution of Harbour Porpoises Within and Around the Maryland Wind Energy Area | Wingfield, J.; O'Brien, M.; Lyubchich, V.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
Short Science Summary: Harbor Porpoises and Offshore Wind Energy | WREN | Summary | Wind Energy | Marine Mammals | ||
Offshore exposure experiments on cuttlefish indicate received sound pressure and particle motion levels associated with acoustic trauma | Solé, M.; Sigray, P.; Lenoir, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Noise | Invertebrates | |
Development of a Video Trawl Survey System for New England Groundfish | DeCelles, G.; Keiley, E.; Lowery, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Visual Impacts | |
Appendix E-1 LimnoTech Report - Results of 2016 Aquatic Sampling | LimnoTech | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Invertebrates | ||
Interim Report of the Working Group on Marine Benthal and Renewable Energy Developments (WGMBRED) | International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions | ||
Effects Matrix for Evaluating Potential Impacts of Offshore Wind Energy Development on U.S. Atlantic Coastal Habitats | Latham, P.; Fiore, W.; Bauman, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Human Dimensions | |
The influence of sea ice, wind speed and marine mammals on Southern Ocean ambient sound | Menze, S.; Zitterbart, D.; Opzeeland, I.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Updated Seal Usage Maps: The Estimated at-sea Distribution of Grey and Harbour Seals | Russell, D.; Jones, E.; Morris, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
Socio-Economic Impact of Outer Continental Shelf Wind Energy Development on Fisheries in the US Atlantic: Volume I - Report Narrative | Kirkpatrick, A.; Benjamin, S.; DePiper, G.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
Socio-Economic Impact of Outer Continental Shelf Wind Energy Development on Fisheries in the US Atlantic: Volume II - Appendices | Kirkpatrick, A.; Benjamin, S.; DePiper, G.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: a Continued move towards Integration and Quantification | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment | |
Evidence of Cnidarians sensitivity to sound after exposure to low frequency noise underwater sources | Solé, M.; Lenoir, M.; Fortuno, J-M.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Noise | Invertebrates | |
Fine-scale harbour seal at-sea usage mapping around Orkney and the North coast of Scotland | Jones, E.; Smout, S.; Blight, C.; et al. | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds | ||
Avoidance of Wind Farms by Harbour Seals is Limited to Pile Driving Activities | Russell, D.; Hastie, G.; Thompson, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds | |
Offshore wind energy ecological programme (Wozep) Monitoring and research programme 2017-2021 | WOZEP project team | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | |
Spatial and Temporal Distributions of Lobsters and Crabs in the Rhode Island Massachusetts Wind Energy Area | Collie, J.; King, J. | Report | Wind Energy | Invertebrates | ||
Effects of an Offshore Wind Farm (OWF) on the Common Shore Crab Carcinus maenas: Tagging Pilot Experiments in the Lillgrund Offshore Wind Farm (Sweden) | Langhamer, O.; Holand, H.; Rosenqvist, G. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Invertebrates | ||
Joint Statutory Nature Conservation Bodies Position Statement: ORJIP Project 4, Stage 1 of Phase 2 | Statutory Nature Conservation Bodies (SNCB) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise, Attraction | Marine Mammals | |
Assessing The Benefit Of Noise Reduction Measures During Offshore Wind Farm Construction On Harbour Porpoises | Verfuss, U.; Plunkett, R.; Booth, C.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Beatrice Environmental Impact Assessment Report (Consultation Version) | Repsol; Genesis Oil and Gas Consultants Ltd | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions | |
Impacts of wind power infrastructure development on semi-domesticated reindeer and reindeer husbandry | Skarin, A.; Sandström, P.; Alam, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Terrestrial Mammals | |
Rampion Windfarm: Simultaneous piling assessment | HR Wallingford Ltd | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
A review of crustacean sensitivity to high amplitude underwater noise: Data needs for effective risk assessment in relation to UK commercial species | Edmonds, N.; Firmin, C.; Goldsmith, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Effects of Offshore Pile Driving on Harbour Porpoise Abundance in the German Bight: Assessment of Noise Effects | Brandt, M.; Dragon, A.; Diederichs, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Technological solutions to reduce the environmental impacts of wind-energy systems | Megavind | Report | Wind Energy | Collision, Displacement, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | |
Feasibility of Sensor Development for Monitoring Marine Growth | Yunnie, A.; Vance, T.; Ramsden, R. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Invertebrates | |
Buried Alive: The Behavioural Response of the Mussels, Modiolus modiolus and Mytilus edulis to Sudden Burial by Sediment | Hutchison, Z.; Hendrick, V.; Burrows, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Invertebrates | ||
Environmental Assessment for Decommissioning of Vindeby Offshore Wind Farm | Ørsted | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | ||
Predictive mapping of seabirds, pinnipeds and cetaceans off the Pacific Coast of Washington | Menza, C.; Leirness, J.; White, T.; et al. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment | |
Guidelines For Environmental Impact Studies On Marine Biodiversity For Offshore Windfarm Projects In The Baltic Sea Region | Baltic Environmental Forum – Latvia | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Noise | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Wind farm prioritisation based on potential impacts on wolf habitat in Croatia | Passoni, G. | Presentation | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Terrestrial Mammals | ||
Kincardine Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Statement Appendix B: Aerial Surveys Report | HiDef Aerial Surveying Ltd | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals | ||
An assessment of non-volant terrestrial vertebrates response to wind farms—a study of small mammals | Łopucki, R.; Mróz, I. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Terrestrial Mammals | ||
U.S. Geological Survey—Energy and Wildlife Research Annual Report for 2016 | Khalil, M. | Report | Wind Energy | Bats, Birds, Terrestrial Mammals | ||
Offshore Wind Power for Marine Conservation | Hammar, L.; Perry, D.; Gullström, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Environmental impacts of offshore wind farms in the Belgian part of the North Sea: Environmental impact monitoring reloaded | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm Consent Plan Piling Strategy | Bellew, S. ; Wilson, J.; Wilson, S. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Marine Mammals | ||
NERC Knowledge Exchange: An Autonomous Device to Track Porpoise Movements in Tidal Rapids | Macaulay, J.; Gordon, J.; Gillespie, D.; et al. | Report | Tidal, Marine Energy | Marine Mammals | ||
Marine Licence Hywind Scotland Pilot Park | The Scottish Government; Marine Scotland | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Birds, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm & Moray East Offshore Windfarm - Protocol for mitigating the risk of instantaneous death or injury to marine mammals during piling at the Beatrice and Moray East Wind Farms | Royle, L.; Rei, C. | Report | Wind Energy | Marine Mammals | ||
North Atlantic right whale occurrence near wind energy areas along the mid-Atlantic US coast: implications for management | Hodge, K.; Muirhead, C.; Morano, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
The use of Acoustic Deterrents for the mitigation of injury to marine mammals during pile driving for offshore wind farm construction | Sparling, C.; Sams, C.; Stephenson, S.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Marine Renewable Energy Converters and Biofouling: A Review on Impacts and Prevention | Titah-Benbouzid, H.; Benbouzid, M. | Conference Paper | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction | Invertebrates | |
NYSERDA Environmental Research Program Plan Research Area 4: Marine Wind and Wildlife | New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | ||
Effect of exposure duration to pile driving sounds on temporary hearing threshold shift in harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) | Kastelein, R.; Hoek, L.; Covi, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals |
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