Short Science Summary: Benefits and Effects

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Marine Renewable Energy: Benefits and Effects

Technologies that harvest energy from the movement of water in oceans and large rivers are under development around the world. Marine renewable energy (MRE) devices are designed to take advantage of tidal currents, fast flowing rivers, and waves, as well as ocean currents and natural gradients of temperature and salinity in ocean waters. The potential benefits that MRE can bring to nations and stakeholders are driving research studies, development of engineering systems, and experimental deployments of wave energy converters, as well as tidal and river turbines, in coastal areas. These studies, trials, and experiments are the leading edge of the development of an international MRE industry that is adding to the renewable energy portfolio of many nations. As this development occurs, it is essential that MRE projects not harm valuable and often fragile marine populations, habitats, and systems in the oceans. The responsible development of the MRE industry is informed by science-based understanding of the potential effects of MRE installations worldwide.

This Short Science Summary was developed based on the OES-Environmental 2020 State of the Science Report: Environmental Effects of Marine Renewable Energy Development Around the World, specifically Chapter 1: Marine Renewable Energy and Ocean Energy Systems and Chapter 2: Marine Renewable Energy: Environmental Effects and Monitoring Strategies. 

The table below contains the literature relevant to this summary document and will continue to be updated as new literature is added to Tethys.

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Power from the Brave New Ocean: Marine Renewable Energy and Ecological Risks Hammar, L. Thesis Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Fish, Demersal Fish
The Local Impact of the Marine Sector in Ireland: A Spatial Microsimulation Analysis Morrissey, K., O'Donoghue, C., Farrell, N. Journal Article Marine Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
The Physics and Hydrodynamic Setting of Marine Renewable Energy Woolf, D., Easton, M., Bowyer, P., McIvenny, J. Book Chapter Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave
Wave Energy Converter (WEC) Array Effects on Wave, Current, and Sediment Circulation: Monterey Bay, CA Jones, C., Magalen, J., Roberts, J. Report Wave, Marine Energy Changes in Flow Sediment Transport, Physical Environment
Wave and Tidal Enabling Actions Report: Consolidation of Wave and Tidal EIA / HRA Issues and Research Priorities Aquatera Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave
Humanity and the Sea: Marine Renewable Energy Technology and Environmental Interactions Shields, M., Payne, A. Book Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Evaluation of Survival and Behavior of Fish Exposed to an Axial-Flow Hydrokinetic Turbine Amaral, S., Giza, D., McMahon, B. Report Marine Energy Collision, Avoidance Pelagic Fish, Fish, Demersal Fish
Underwater Radiated Noise from Point Absorbing Wave Energy Converters: Noise Characteristics and Possible Environmental Effects Haikonen, K. Thesis Marine Energy, Wave Noise
The Influence of Fisheries Exclusion and Addition of Hard Substrata on Fish and Crustaceans Wilhelmsson, D., Langhamer, O. Book Chapter Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Instrumentation for Monitoring around Marine Renewable Energy Converters: Workshop Final Report Polagye, B., Copping, A., Suryan, R., Kramer, S., Brown-Saracino, J., Smith, C. Workshop Article Marine Energy
Technical guidance on monitoring for the Marine Strategy Framework Directive Zampoukas, N., Palialexis, A., Duffek, A., Graveland, J., Giorgi, G., Hagebro, C., Hanke, G., Korpinen, S., Tasker, M., Tornero, V., Abaza, V., Battaglia, P., Caparis, M., Dekeling, R., Vega, M., Haarich, M., Katsanevakis, S., Klein, H., Kryzminski, W., Laamanen, M., Le Gac, J., Leppanen, J., Lips, U., Maes, T., Magaletti, E., Malcolm, S., Marqués, J., Mihail, O., Moxon, R., O'Brien, C., Panagiotidis, P., Penna, M., Piroddi, C., Probst, W., Raicevich, S., Trabucco, B., Tunesi, L., van der Graaf, S., Weiss, A., Wernersson, A., Zevenboom, W. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Morphological Diversity, Development, and Evolution of the Mechanosensory Lateral Line System Webb, J. Book Chapter Marine Energy Fish
OES GIS Map: Offshore Installations Worldwide Ocean Energy Systems (OES) Website Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
A Guide to Evaluating Marine Spatial Plans Ehler, C. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Acoustic Tracking of Fish Movements in the Minas Passage and FORCE Demonstration Area: Pre-Turbine Baseline Studies (2011-2013) Redden, A., Stokesbury, M. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish
Strategic Sectoral Planning for Offshore Renewable Energy in Scotland Davies, I., Pratt, D. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Wave, Tidal, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy
Wave Energy in Clatsop County, OR: An Economic Impact Analysis Northwest Economic Research Center Report Marine Energy, Wave Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Whale Entanglements Off California Fact Sheet National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Report Marine Energy Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
A Diving Bird Collision Risk Assessment Framework for Tidal Turbines Grant, M., Trinder, M., Harding, N. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Birds
Understanding the Potential for Marine Megafauna Entanglement Risk from Marine Renewable Energy Developments Benjamins, S., Harnois, V., Smith, H., Johanning, L., Greenhill, L., Carter, C., Wilson, B. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Entanglement Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
An Introduction to Marine Renewable Energy Sheilds, M. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Wave, Tidal, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy
Rethinking Underwater Sound-Recording Methods to Work at Tidal-Stream and Wave-Energy Sites Wilson, B., Lepper, P., Carter, C., Robinson, S. Book Chapter Wave, Tidal, Marine Energy Noise
Assessment of Strike of Adult Killer Whales by an OpenHydro Tidal Turbine Blade Carlson, T., Grear, M., Copping, A., Halvorsen, M., Jepsen, R., Metzinger, K. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Marine Mammals
U.S. National Debate Topic 2014-2015: The Ocean H.W. Wilson Company Book Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Wave Energy Test Site Environmental Assessment: Marine Corps Base Hawaii Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC) Report Wave, Marine Energy Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
The UK National Ecosystem Assessment Follow-on. Work package Report 6: shared, plural and cultural values of ecosystems Kenter, J., Reed, M., Irvine, K., O'Brien, L., Brady, E., Bryce, R., Christie, M., Church, A., Cooper, N., Davies, A., Evely, A., Everard, M., Fazey, I., Hockley, N., Jobstvogt, N., Molloy, C., Orchard-Webb, J., Ravenscroft, N., Ryan, M., Watson, V. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Social & Economic Data
Describing and Comparing Variability of Fish and Macrozooplankton Density at Marine Hydrokinetic Energy Sites Jacques, D. Thesis Marine Energy Fish, Ecosystem Processes
Baselines and Monitoring Methods for Detecting Impacts of Hydrodynamic Energy Extraction on Intertidal Communities of Rocky Shores Want, A., Beharie, R., Bell, M., Side, J. Book Chapter Wave, Marine Energy Changes in Flow Invertebrates
Environmental Effects Monitoring Report 2011-2013 Fundy Ocean Research Center for Energy (FORCE) Report Marine Energy, Tidal EMF, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
PMEC-NETS Annual Operations and Monitoring Report 2013 Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center (NNMREC) Report Marine Energy, Wave EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
TidGen Power System Commercialization Project Final Technical Report ORPC Maine Report Tidal, Marine Energy
D2.5 EC Report on Instrumentation Best Practice Têtu, A., Frigaard, P., Kofoed, J., Lopes, M., Iyer, A., Bourdier, S., Marina, D., Stripling, S., Johanning, L. Report Marine Energy, Wave
Underwater Active Acoustic Monitoring Network For Marine And Hydrokinetic Energy Projects Stein, P., Edson, P. Report Marine Energy Noise Marine Mammals
Hydrokinetic Turbine Effects on Fish Swimming Behaviour Hammar, L., Andersson, S., Eggertsen, L., Haglund, J., Gullström, M., Ehnberg, J., Molander, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Fish, Demersal Fish
Market Analysis Report for the Pacific Marine Energy Center South Energy Test Site Hassan, G. Report Marine Energy, Wave Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Using Drifting Passive Echolocation Loggers to Study Harbour Porpoises in Tidal-Stream Habitats Wilson, B., Benjamins, S., Elliot, J. Journal Article Tidal, Marine Energy Marine Mammals
Estimating Effects of Tidal Power Projects and Climate Change on Threatened and Endangered Marine Species and Their Food Web Busch, S., Greene, C., Good, T. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Climate Change
Fairhead Tidal Environmental Impact Assessment Scoping Document McGrath, C. Report Marine Energy, Tidal EMF, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Tethys: Developing a Commons for Understanding Environmental Effects of Marine Renewable Energy Copping, A., Smith, C., Hanna, L., Battey, H., Whiting, J., Reed, M., Brown-Saracino, J., Gilman, P., Massaua, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
MERiFIC 3.3.2: Grey Seal Population Surveys of the Isles of Scilly and Parc Naturel Marin d'Iroise Witt, M. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
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