Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Experimental study on the effect of sound stimulation on hearing and behavior of juvenile black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) Wang, Y.; Huang, L.; Xing, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish
How far are birds, bats, and terrestrial mammals displaced from onshore wind power development? – A systematic review Tolvanen, A.; Routavaara, H.; Jokikokko, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Bats, Birds, Terrestrial Mammals
Wind farms and Griffon Vultures: Evidence that under certain conditions history is not-always turbulent Farfan, M.; Díaz-Ruiz, F.; Duarte, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Raptors
Grand Challenges Revisited: Wind Energy Research Needs for a Global Energy Transition Veers, P.; Dykes, K.; Baranowski, R.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Noise Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts
Vessel noise prior to pile driving at offshore windfarm sites deters harbour porpoises from potential injury zones Gall, A.; Thompson, P.; Merchant, N.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Avoidance, Displacement, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Impact of geophysical and geotechnical site investigation surveys on fish and shellfish Duffy, O.; Chumbinho, R.; Coca, I.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Energy Conversion Factors in Underwater Radiated Sound from Marine Piling: Review of the method and recommendations Wood, M.; Ainslie, M.; Burns, R. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Short-term habituation of the longfin squid (Doryteuthis pealeii) to pile driving sound Jézéquel, Y.; Jandial, P.; Cones, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Invertebrates
Report on the ICES Working Group on Marine Mammal Ecology (WGMME) 2023 Ahola, M.; Alves, F.; Authier, M.; et al. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Displacement, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Vibration Mechanism and Noise Characterization of Offshore Wind Turbines Yang, C.; Li, R.; Lu, L.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Acoustic ecology of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) between two U.S. offshore wind energy areas Holdman, A.; Tregenza, N.; Van Parijs, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Displacement, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Reducing uncertainty in underwater noise assessments for offshore wind (ReCon) Carbon Trust Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Joint monitoring programme of ambient noise North Sea (Jomopans): Opinion paper on continuous noise pollution Kinneging, N. Journal Article Noise
Establishing baselines for predicting change in ambient sound metrics, marine mammal, and vessel occurrence within a US offshore wind energy area Van Parijs, S.; DeAngelis, A.; Aldrich, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Effects of wind turbine noise on songbird behavior during nonbreeding season Lehnardt, Y.; Barber, J.; Berger-Tal, O. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Birds, Passerines
IECS Working Group on Fisheries Acoustics, Science and Technology (WGFAST) Ariza, A.; Diogoul, N.; Gastauer, s.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Is Maritime Spatial Planning a tool to mitigate the impacts of underwater noise? A review of adopted and upcoming maritime spatial plans in Europe Bosi, S.; Ramieri, E.; Picciulin, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Megafauna Aerial Surveys in the Wind Energy Areas of Southern New England with Emphasis on Large Whales: Final Report Campaign 7, 2022 O'Brien, O.; McKenna, K.; Hsu, S.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Displacement Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Towards assessing the impact of anthropogenic sound on fishes: Gaps, perspectives, and a case study of a large floating bridge Zang, X.; Carlson, T.; Martinez, J.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Noise Fish
U.S. Offshore Wind Energy Noise Reduction Questionnaire Results and Recommendations Farr, H.; Ryan, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Nationwide Recommendations for Impact Pile Driving Sound Exposure Modeling and Sound Field Measurement for Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plans Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Relation Between Underwater Noise and Operating Offshore Wind Turbines Holme, C.; Simurda, M.; Gerlach, S.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Maritime Spatial Planning in Europe: Discussion Paper on the Challenges and Potential Opportunities Around the Colocation of Offshore Wind Energy with Marine Protected Areas Stephenson, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Longfin squid reproductive behaviours and spawning withstand wind farm pile driving noise Jones, I.; Schumm, M.; Stanley, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Invertebrates
Erfahrungsbericht Betriebsschall: Projektübergreifende Auswertung und Bewertung der Unterwasserschallmessungen aus der Betriebsphase von Offshore-Windparks Bellmann, M.; Müller, T.; Scheiblich, K.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Accelerating Offshore Wind – The Role of Innovative Technology in Decision Making and Faster Consenting ORE Catapult Report Wind Energy Collision, Noise Human Dimensions
Offshore Wind Energy Development and North Atlantic Right Whales Silber, G.; Dangerfield, A.; Smith, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Bat and Bird Data Analysis and Results Summary: Progress Report #5 Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy Noise Bats, Birds
Physiological condition of the warty venus (Venus verrucosa L. 1758) larvae modulates response to pile driving and drilling underwater sounds Gigot, M; Tremblay, R.; Bonnel, J.; et al. Journal Article Noise Invertebrates
Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework: Challenge and Future Options to Address Anthropogenic Underwater Noise Maruf, M. Journal Article Noise Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Spatial Impact of Wind Farm Construction on Harbor Porpoise Detectability van Geel, N.; Benjamins, S.; Marmo, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Wind farm noise and anuran diversity patterns: a case study in Brazilian seasonal dry tropical forest de Oliveira, R.; Lira, A.; Zaffaroni-Caorsid, V.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise
Hearing Impact on Marine Mammals Due to Underwater Sound from Future Wind Farms Thomsen, F.; Stober, U.; Sarnocinska-Kot, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Evaluating the Benefits of Noise Reduction Mitigation: The ECHO Program Malinka, C.; Tollit, D.; Trounce, K.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Setting EU Threshold Values for continuous underwater sound Druon, J.; Hanke, G.; Casier, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Setting EU Threshold Values for impulsive underwater sound Sigray, P.; Andersson, M.; André, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals
Effects of land-based wind turbine upsizing on community sound levels and power and energy density Hoen, B.; Darlow, R.; Haac, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions
U.S. Offshore Wind Energy Noise Reduction Associated with Installation of Fixed-Bottom Foundations: Workshop Report Green, R.; Farr, H.; Ryan, K.; et al. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
Characterisation of underwater operational noise of two types of floating offshore wind turbines Risch, D.; Favill, G.; Marmo, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan for Commercial Lease OCS Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind, LLC Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement Bats, Birds, Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Visual Impacts
Metabolomics for in situ monitoring of attached Crassostrea gigas and Mytilus edulis: Effects of offshore wind farms on aquatic organisms Wang, K.; Gao, Z.; Ru, X.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Habitat Change, Noise Invertebrates
Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae are attracted by low-frequency noise simulating that of operating offshore wind farms Cresci, A.; Zhang, G.; Durif, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Noise Fish, Pelagic Fish
Ornithological and Marine Fauna Aerial Digital Survey: First Semiannual Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
European offshore renewable energy, towards a sustainable future Soukissian, T.; O’Hagan, A-M.; Azzellino, A.; et al. Report Marine Energy, Ocean Current, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Comparing Atlantic Cod Temporal Spawning Dynamics across a Biogeographic Boundary: Insights from Passive Acoustic Monitoring Van Hoeck, R.; Rowell, T.; Dean, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement, Noise Fish, Demersal Fish
Wind energy and noise: Forecasting the future sounds of wind energy projects and facilitating Dutch community participation Solman, H.; Kirkegaard, J.; Kloppenburg, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Social & Economic Data
An integrated conceptual model to characterize the effects of offshore wind farms on ecosystem services Baulaz, Y.; Mouchet, M.; Niquil, N.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
An ecological risk assessment for the impacts of offshore wind farms on birds in Australia Reid, K.; Baker, G.; Woehler, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Passerines, Seabirds
Behavioral effects of sound sources from offshore renewable energy construction on the black sea bass (Centropristis striata) and longfin squid (Doryteuthis pealeii) Stanley, J.; Caiger, P.; Jones, I.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish
Vector acoustic properties of underwater noise from impact pile driving measured within the water column Dahl, P.; MacGillivray, A.; Racca, R. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise

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