Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
How do residents perceive energy-producing kites? Comparing the community acceptance of an airborne wind energy system and a wind farm in Germany Schmidt, H.; Leschinger, V.; Müller, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Investigation of potential metal emissions from galvanic anodes in offshore wind farms into North Sea sediments Ebeling, A.; Wippermann, D.; Zimmermann, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Chemicals Physical Environment, Water Quality
Quantifying trade-offs for the spatial allocation of onshore wind generation capacity – A case study for Germany Tafarte, P.; Lemann, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data
Towards Digital Twins of the Oceans: The Potential of Machine Learning for Monitoring the Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms on Marine Environments Schneider, J.; Klüner, A.; Zielinski, O. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
The mayor said so? The impact of local political figures and social norms on local responses to wind energy projects Karakislak, I.; Schneider, N. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Broadening the social acceptance of wind energy – An Integrated Acceptance Model Hübner, G.; Leschinger, V.; Müller, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Understanding subjective and situational factors of wind turbine noise annoyance Müller, F.; Leschinger, V.; Hübner, G.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Data on benthic species assemblages and seafloor sediment characteristics in an offshore windfarm in the southeastern North Sea Teschke, K.; Gusky, M.; Gutow, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Broadening the social acceptance of wind energy – An Integrated Acceptance Model Hübner, G.; Leschinger, V.; Müller, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Visual evaluations of wind turbines: Judgments of scenic beauty or of moral desirability? Kirchhoff, T.; Ramisch, K.; Feucht, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Wind turbines without curtailment produce large numbers of bat fatalities throughout their lifetime: A call against ignorance and neglect Voigt, C.; Kaiser, K.; Look, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Bats, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Chemical Emissions from Offshore Wind Farms - Summary of the Project OffChEm Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency; Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Chemicals Physical Environment, Water Quality
The Ongoing Conflict between Offshore Wind Farms and the Fishing Industry in the North Sea Reckhaus, N. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Chasing the offshore wind farm wind-wake-induced upwelling/downwelling dipole Floeter, J.; Pohlmann, T.; Harmer, A; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Key factors influencing onshore wind energy development: A case study from the German North Sea region Kiunke, T.; Gemignani, N.; Malheiro, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Human–Wildlife Conflicts across Landscapes—General Applicability vs. Case Specificity Göttert, T.; Starik, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Human Dimensions
The uncertain future of the Norway lobster fisheries in the North Sea calls for new management strategies Letschert, J.; Stollberg, N.; Rambo, H.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement
An indicator for assessing the status of marine-bird habitats affected by multiple human activities: A novel statistical approach Mercker, M.; Dierschke, V.; Camphuysen, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
The impact of public acceptance on cost efficiency and environmental sustainability in decentralized energy systems Weinand, J.; McKenna, R.; Kleinebrahm, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Sustainable co-location solutions for offshore wind farms and fisheries need to account for socio-ecological trade-offs Stelzenmüller, V.; Gimpel, A.; Haslob, H.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data
The Impact of Offshore Wind Farms on Sea State Demonstrated by Airborne LiDAR Measurements Bärfuss, K.; Schulz-Stellenfleth, J.; Lampert, A. Journal Article Wind Energy Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Radar-based Detection of Birds at Wind Turbines: Numerical Analysis for Optimum Coverage Zadeh, A.; Malzer, M.; Nguyen, D.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions
Novel Application and Validation of a Method to Assess Visual Impacts of Rotating Wind Turbine Blades Within Woodland Areas Nopp-Mayr, U.; Kunz, F.; Suppan, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Avoidance, Collision Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Visual Impacts
Fishing within offshore wind farms in the North Sea: Stakeholder perspectives for multi-use from Scotland and Germany Schupp, M.; Kafas, A.; Buck, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement
Does galvanic cathodic protection by aluminum anodes impact marine organisms? Bell, A.; von der Au, M.; Regnery, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Chemicals Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Minimum distances for wind turbines: A robustness analysis of policies for a sustainable wind power deployment Salomon, H.; Drechsler, M.; Reutter, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Human Dimensions
Empowered but powerless? Reassessing the citizens’ power dynamics of the German energy transition Schwarz, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
The regional heterogeneity of wind power deployment: an empirical investigation of land-use policies in Germany and Sweden Lauf, T.; Ek, K.; Gawel, E.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Community Acceptance of Wind Energy Developments: Experience from Wind Energy Scarce Regions in Europe Leiren, M.; Aakre, S.; Linnerud, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Turbulence in the wake of offshore wind farm foundations and its potential effects on mixing of stratified tidal shelf seas Schultze, L.; Merckelbach, L.; Raasch, S.; et al. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Water Quality
Investing in meshed offshore grids in the Baltic Sea: catching up with the regulatory gap Bergaentzle, C.; Pade, L.; Larsen, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
The politics of energy landscapes: the influence of local anti-wind initiatives on state policies in Saxony, Germany Lintz, G.; Leibanath, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Citizen participation for wind energy: experiences from Germany and beyond Hübner, G. Book Chapter Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Hidden outlaws in the forest? A legal and spatial analysis of onshore wind energy in Germany Bunzel, K.; Bovet, J.; Thran, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Social acceptance of distributed energy systems in Swiss, German, and Austrian energy transitions Seidl, R.; von Wirth, T.; Krutli, P. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
A Pioneer in Transition: Horizon Scanning of Emerging Issues in Germany's Sustainable Wind Energy Development Köppel, J.; Biehl, J.; Wachendörfer, V.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Are auctions likely to deter community wind projects? And would this be problematic? Grashof, K. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Decomposing public support for energy policy: What drives acceptance of and intentions to protest against renewable energy expansion in Germany? Liebe, U.; Dobers, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Retrospective and Outlook for an Environmentally Sound Development of Offshore Wind Energy Lüdeke, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Explaining regional acceptance of the German energy transition by including trust in stakeholders and perception of fairness as socio-institutional factors Golz, S.; Wedderhoff, O. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Natural variability of turbulence and stratification in a tidal shelf sea and the possible impact of offshore wind farms Schultze, V. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Water Quality
Factors influencing citizens' acceptance and non-acceptance of wind energy in Germany Langer, K.; Decker, T.; Roosen, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Local and socio-political acceptance of wind farms in Germany Sonnenberg, M.; Ruddat, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Towards energy landscapes – “Pathfinder for sustainable wind power locations” Eichhorn, M.; Tafarte, P.; Thran, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions
A turbine is not only a turbine: The role of social context and fairness characteristics for the local acceptance of wind power Liebe, U.; Bartczak, A.; Meyerhoff, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Offshore Wind Energy: Good Practice in Impact Assessment, Mitigation and Compensation Lüdeke, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Co-location of passive gear fisheries in offshore wind farms in the German EEZ of the North Sea: A first socio-economic scoping Stelzenmüller, V.; Diekmann, R.; Bastardie, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Human Dimensions, Fisheries
The most Important Environmental Project in a German Offshore Wind Farm: Accompanying Ecological Research on the Offshore Test Field Project Alpha Ventus Beiersdorf, A.; Boethling, M.; Binder, A.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Need for a wind of change? Use of offshore wind messages by stakeholders and the media in Germany and their effects on public acceptance Schmidt, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Potential Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms on North Sea Stratification Carpenter, J.; Merckelbach, L.; Callies, U.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Water Quality

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