The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title Sort descending | Author | Date | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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A Study of the Risk of Collision with Power Lines by Waterbirds in Winter at Shotton Steel Works, North Wales | Balmer, D.; Henderson, I.; Clark, N. | Report | Wind Energy | Collision, Avoidance | Waterfowl, Birds | |
A Theoretical Approach to Estimating Bird Risk of Collision with Wind Turbines Where Empirical Flight Activity Data Are Lacking | Furness, R.; Trinder, M.; MacArthur, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Displacement, Collision | Birds | |
Analysis of the Argyll Array Turbine Layout Iterations in Relation to Ornithological Constraints | Bullman, R.; Shaylon, S. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Approach Distances of Scottish Golden Eagles Aquila chrysaetos to Wind Turbines According to Blade Motion Status, Wind Speed, and Preferred Habitat | Fielding, A.; Anderson, D.; Benn, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Argyll Array Offshore Wind Farm: Habitat Regulations Assessment - Screening for Likely Significant Effects | Dewar, R. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Assessing the Impacts of Wind Farms on Birds | Drewitt, A.; Langston, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds | |
Assessing the spatial distribution of avian collision risks at wind turbine structures in Brandenburg, Germany | Bose, A.; Durr, T.; Klenke, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Assessing Vulnerability of Marine Bird Populations to Offshore Wind Farms | Furness, R.; Wade, H.; Masden, E. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Birds | |
Assessment of Wind‐Farm and Other Bird Casualties from Carcasses Found on a Northumbrian Beach Over an 11‐Year Period | Newton, I.; Little, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Seabirds, Birds | |
Attraction of nocturnally migrating birds to artificial light: The influence of colour, intensity and blinking mode under different cloud cover conditions | Rebke, M.; Dierschke, V.; Weiner, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Lighting | Birds | |
Avian vulnerability to wind farm collision through the year: insights from Lesser Black-backed Gulls (Larus fuscus) tracked from multiple breeding colonies | Thaxter, C.; Ross-Smith, V.; Bouten, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Bats on the move | Popa-Lisseanu, A.; Voigt, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Behavioural responses of Sandwich terns following the construction of offshore wind farms | Thaxter, C.; Green, R.; Collier, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds | |
Bird Migration Studies and Potential Collision Risk with Offshore Wind Turbines | Hüppop, O.; Dierschke, J.; Exo, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Passerines | |
Bird Protection Zones in a Wind Park by Ka-Band Radar Surveillance: Field Results from the Wind Testing Site WINSENT | Malzer, M.; Burhenn, M.; Beck, S.; et al. | Conference Paper | Wind Energy | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Birds and Offshore Wind Farms: A Hot Topic in Marine Ecology | Exo, K.; Hüppop, O.; Garthe, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds | |
Burbo Bank Extension Offshore Wind Farm Volume 2: ES Biological Environment | Dong Energy | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Calculation of the Probability of a Collision of Territorial Birds of Prey with Wind Turbines | Rasran, L.; Grajetzky, B.; Mammen, U. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Avoidance | Raptors, Birds | |
Civil Engineering Aspects of a Wind Farm and Wind Turbine Structures | Bhattacharya, S. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Clocaenog Forest Wind Farm Collision Risk Report Model | George, A. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Raptors, Birds | |
Collision Victims and Lattice Towers - Frequency of Collision, Breeding Population and Breeding Success of Birds of Prey in Two Wind Farms in Brandenburg | Durr, T.; Rasran, L. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Raptors, Birds | |
Collision, Displacement and Barrier Effect Concept Note | Humphreys, E.; Cook, S.; Burton, N. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Human Dimensions | |
Collisions of Birds of Prey with Wind Turbines - Analysis of the Circumstances | Rasran, L.; Durr, T. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Raptors, Birds | |
Developing an Avian Collision Risk Model to Incorporate Variability and Uncertainty | Masden, E. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Avoidance | Birds | |
Developing Field and Analytical Methods to Assess Avian Collision Risk at Wind Farms | Band, W.; Madders, M.; Whitfield, D. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds | |
Distances Between Breeding Sites and White-Tailed Sea Eagles Found Dead Near Wind Turbines in Schleswig-Holstein | Grunkorn, T.; Nehls, G. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Raptors, Birds | |
Dodging the blades: new insights into three-dimensional space use of offshore wind farms by lesser black-backed gulls Larus fuscus | Thaxter, C.; Ross-Smith, V.; Bouten, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Dodging the blades: new insights into threedimensional space use of offshore wind farms by lesser black-backed gulls Larus fuscus | Thaxter, C.; Ross-Smith, V.; Bouten, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds | |
Effects of Individuals Lost Due to Wind Turbines on the Time of Occupying a Territory, the Survival of Breeding Territories and the Breeding Success of White-Tailed Sea Eagles (Case Studies) | Grunkorn, T.; Nehls, G. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Displacement, Collision | Raptors, Birds | |
Environmental Aspects of Large-Scale Wind-Power Systems in the UK | Robson, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Noise | Birds, Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | |
Estimates and Correlates of Bird and Bat Mortality at Small Wind Turbine Sites | Minderman, J.; Fuentes-Montemayor, E.; Pearce-Higgins, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Estimating Bat and Bird Mortality Occurring at Wind Energy Turbines from Covariates and Carcass Searches Using Mixture Models | Korner-Nievergelt, F.; Brinkmann, R.; Niermann, I.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Bats | |
Estimating flight heights of seabirds using optical rangefinders and GPS data loggers: a methodological comparison | Borkenhagen, K.; Corman, A.; Garthe, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds | |
Flight altitudes and fight activities of adult Red Kites (Milvus milvus) in the breeding area as determined by GPS telemetry | Pfeiffer, T.; Meyburg, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision | Birds | |
Hywind Scotland Pilot Park Seabirds and Marine Mammals Technical Report | Xodus Group; Natural Research Ltd | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Marine Mammals | |
Integrating Wind Turbines and Fish Farms: An Evaluation of Potential Risks to Marine and Coastal Bird Species | Benjamins, S.; Masden, E.; Collu, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Joint SNCB Interim Displacement Advice Note | Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC); Natural England | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds | |
Landscape Decisions to Meet Net Zero Carbon: Pathways that consider ethics, socio-ecological diversity, and landscape functions. Landscape Decisions Report | Cole, B.; Gardner, E.; Willcock, S.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds | |
Map of Bird Sensitivities to Wind Farms in Scotland: A Tool to Aid Planning and Conservation | Bright, J.; Langston, R.; Bullman, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision | Birds | |
Mitigation Measures for Wildlife in Wind Energy Development, Consolidating the State of Knowledge — Part 2: Operation, Decommissioning | Gartman, V.; Bulling, L.; Dahmen, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds | |
Modelling Flight Heights of Marine Birds to More Accurately Assess Collision Risk with Offshore Wind Turbines | Johnston, A.; Cook, A.; Wright, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Nocturnal migrants do not incur higher collision risk at wind turbines than diurnally active species | Welcker, J.; Liesenjohann, M.; Blew, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Non-territorial GPS-tagged golden eagles Aquila chrysaetos at two Scottish wind farms: Avoidance influenced by preferred habitat distribution, wind speed and blade motion status | Fielding, A.; Anderson, D.; Benn, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Raptors | |
Northern gannets (Morus bassanus) are strongly affected by operating offshore wind farms during the breeding season | Peschko, V.; Mendel, B.; Mercker, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Novar Windfarm Ltd Ornithological Monitoring Studies: Breeding Bird and Birdstrike Monitoring 2001 Results & 5-Year Review | Bioscan | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Passerines, Raptors | |
Novel Application and Validation of a Method to Assess Visual Impacts of Rotating Wind Turbine Blades Within Woodland Areas | Nopp-Mayr, U.; Kunz, F.; Suppan, F.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Avoidance, Collision | Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Visual Impacts | |
Of birds, blades and barriers: Detecting and analysing mass migration events at alpha ventus | Hill, R.; Hill, K.; Aumuller, R.; et al. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Offshore Obstruction Lighting - Issues and Mitigation | Blew, J.; Nehls, G.; Prall, U. | Presentation | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Lighting | Birds | |
Offshore Wind Energy in Europe— A Review of the State-of-the-Art | Henderson, A.; Morgan, C.; Smith, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Noise | Birds, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | |
Predicting strike susceptibility and collision patterns of the common buzzard at wind turbine structures in the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany | Bose, A.; Durr, T.; Klenke, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors |
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