The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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Appendix III-M Supplemental Information for the Assessment of Potential Impacts to Marine Mammals and Sea Turtles During Construction, Operation, and Decommissioning of the Vineyard Wind Project | Pyć, C.; Zeddies, D.; Denes, S.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Geological and Geophysical (G&G) Surveys Fact Sheet | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | |
Determining Habitat Use by Marine Mammals and Ambient Noise Levels Using Passive Acoustic Monitoring Offshore of Maryland | Bailey, H.; Rice, A.; Wingfield, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Monitoring of the migration of birds through the territory of the Integrated System for Protection of Birds Аutumn 2018 | Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitfield, D. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Effects of larger turbines for the offshore wind farm at Krieger's Flak, Sweden. Assessment of impact on marine mammals | Tougaard, J.; Mikaelsen, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds | |
Pilot field study: observations from a fixed platform on occurrence and behaviour of common guillemots and other seabirds in offshore wind farm Luchterduinen | Mardik, F.; Leopold, M.; Verdaat, H. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Evaluating a Commercial-Ready Technology for Raptor Detection and Deterrence at a Wind Energy Facility in California | Terrill, S.; Howell, J.; Smith, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Raptors | |
Cumulative Adverse Effects of Offshore Wind Energy Development on Wildlife [Thesis] | Goodale, M. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds | |
Understanding Marine Mammal Presence in the Virginia Offshore Wind Energy Area | Salisbury, D.; Estabrook, B.; Klinck, H.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive, Marine Spatial Planning and Marine Renewables: Linking Concepts for Implementation. A Case Study from Scotland | MacDonald, A. | Thesis | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Icebreaker Wind Aerial Survey Waterbird Report | Stucker, J.; Carlisle, J.; Pham, D.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Waterfowl | |
Environmental Sensitivity and Associated Risk to Habitats and Species Offshore Central California and Hawaii from Offshore Floating Wind Technologies | Morandi, A.; Berkman, S.; Rowe, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Passive Acoustics Survey of Cetacean Abundance Levels (PASCAL-2016) Final Report | Keating, J.; Barlow, J.; Griffiths, E.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Field Observations During Wind Turbine Foundation Installation at the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island Appendix D: Underwater Sound Monitoring Reports | Amaral, J.; Beard, R.; Barham, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Marine Scotland Review of Approaches and Costs of Decommissioning Offshore Wind Installations Public Report | Marine Scotland Science | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
ORJIP Bird Collision and Avoidance Study | Skov, H.; Heinänen, S.; Norman, T.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Tier 4 Post-Construction Mortality Monitoring Study for the Odell Wind Energy Project Cottonwood and Jackson Counties, Minnesota: Final Fatality Report December 2016 – December 2017 | Chodachek, K.; Gustafson, Z. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Summary Report: Best Management Practices Workshop for Atlantic Offshore Wind Facilities and Marine Protected Species | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
New Creek Wind Project 2017 Post-construction Monitoring | Stantec Consulting | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Assessing and Managing Effect Spheres of Influence | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment | |
RECON: Reef effect structures in the North Sea, islands or connections? Summary Report | Coolen, J.; van der Weide, B.; Cuperus, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Avian Monitoring and Mortality Report at the National Wind Technology Center: January 2010 - February 2011 | Tetra Tech Inc. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds | |
Synopsis des internationalen Kenntnisstandes zum Einfluss der Windenergie auf Fledermäuse und Vögel und Spezifizierung für die Schweiz | Muller, J.; Warnke, M.; Reichenbach, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Bats | |
Post-Construction Avian and Bat Fatality at the Horse Butte Wind Facility, Years 1–3 | SWCA Environmental Consultants | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Marine Licence Hywind Scotland Pilot Park | The Scottish Government; Marine Scotland | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Birds, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
Pink-footed goose anthropogenic mortality review: avoidance rate review | WWT Consulting | Report | Wind Energy | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Waterfowl | |
Pink-footed goose anthropogenic mortality review: collision risk modelling | WWT Consulting | Report | Wind Energy | Collision | Birds, Waterfowl | |
The use of Acoustic Deterrents for the mitigation of injury to marine mammals during pile driving for offshore wind farm construction | Sparling, C.; Sams, C.; Stephenson, S.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Effect of exposure duration to pile driving sounds on temporary hearing threshold shift in harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) | Kastelein, R.; Hoek, L.; Covi, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Developing an Avian Collision Risk Model to Incorporate Variability and Uncertainty | Masden, E. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Avoidance | Birds | |
Post-Construction Avian and Bat Mortality Monitoring at the Alta Wind Energy Center, Phase X, Kern County, California. Final Report for the First Year of Operation: March 2014 – March 2015 | Chatfield, A.; Levenstein, K.; DiDonato, G. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Hearing thresholds of a harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) for narrow-band sweeps (0.125-150 kHz) | Kastelein, R.; Schop, J.; Hoek, L.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Occurrence of peaks in songbird migration at rotor heights of offshore wind farms in the southern North Sea | Krijgsveld, K.; Fijn, R.; Lensink, R. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
SORIANT VUM - final report | von Benda-Beckmann, A.; de Jong, C.; Binnerts, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Repowering Smøla Wind-Power Plant: An Assessment of Avian Conflicts | Dahl, E.; May, R.; Nygård, T.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change, Collision | Raptors, Birds | |
2nd Iteration: Effect of turbine capacity on collision numbers for three large gull species, based on revised density data, when assessing cumulative effects of offshore wind farms on birds in the southern North Sea | van der Wal, J.; Fijn, R.; Gyimesi, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Effectiveness of operational mitigation in reducing bat mortality and an assessment of bat and bird fatalities at the Sheffield Wind Facility, Vermont | Martin, C. | Thesis | Wind Energy | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Hywind Scotland Pilot Park Project Marine Noise Desk Study | Xodus Group | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Hywind Scotland Pilot Park Environmental Statement Non Technical Summary | Statoil | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Navigation, Visual Impacts | |
Framework for Assessing Ecological and Cumulative Effects of Offshore Wind Farms: Cumulative Effects of Impulsive Underwater Sound on Marine Mammals | Heinis, F.; de Jong, C. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds | |
Hywind Scotland Pilot Park Seabirds and Marine Mammals Technical Report | Xodus Group; Natural Research Ltd | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Marine Mammals | |
Design and Testing of an Integrated Wildlife-Wind Turbine Interactions Detection System | Flowers, J. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Deriving an Avoidance Rate for Swans Suitable for Onshore Wind Farm Collision Risk Modelling | Whitfield, D.; Urquhart, B. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds | |
First Year Post-Construction Monitoring of Bats and Birds at Wind Turbine Test Centre Østerild | Therkildsen, O.; Elmeros, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Bats | |
Collision, Displacement and Barrier Effect Concept Note | Humphreys, E.; Cook, S.; Burton, N. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Human Dimensions | |
Baseline Bioacoustic Characterization for Offshore Renewable Energy Development in the North Carolina and Georgia Wind Planning Areas | Rice, A.; Morano, J.; Hodge, K.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Avian Monitoring and Risk Assessment at the Tehachapi Pass Wind Resource Area: Period of Performance: October 2, 1996 - May 27, 1998 | Anderson, R.; Newmann, N.; Tom, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
A Preliminary Assessment of Potential Avian Interactions at Four Proposed Wind Energy Facilities on Vandenberg Air Force Base, California: Period of Performance: November 2001 - May 2002 | BioResource Consultants | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Developing Methods To Reduce Bird Mortality In The Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area | Smallwood, K.; Thelander, C. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Raptors | |
Investigations of Birds During Construction and Operation of Nysted Offshore Wind Farm at Rødsand | Kahlert, J.; Petersen, I.; Fox, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds |
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