The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hornsea Project Two Offshore Wind Farm Decommissioning Programme | Ørsted | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Geological and Geophysical (G&G) Surveys Fact Sheet | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | |
Effective Offshore Piling Noise Mitigation in Deep Waters | Elmer, K. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Moray East Pre-Construction Survey Campaign Summary Report | Moray Offshore Wind Farm (East) Limited | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Seabird distribution in 3D: assessing risk from offshore wind energy generation | Schatz Energy Research Center | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement | |
Marine Noise Budgets in Practice | Merchant, N.; Faulkner, R.; Martinez, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Wind Energy Technologies Office Multi-Year Program Plan Fiscal Years 2021—2025 | Marlay, R.; Ahlgrimm, J.; Clapper, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement | |
Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind Noise monitoring during monopile installation A01 and A02 | WaterProof Marine Consultancy & Services BV.; Dominion Energy | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Cumulative Noise Impacts Upon Fishes (and Turtles) from Offshore Wind Farm Construction and Operation | Popper, A.; Hawkins, A. | Presentation | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) Reaction to a 3D Seismic Airgun Survey in the North Sea | Sarnocinska, J.; Teilmann, J.; Balle, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Cumulative Noise Impacts to Marine Mammals from Offshore Wind Development and Operations | Southall, B.; Rosenbaum, H. | Workshop Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Guiding principles for assessing the impact of underwater noise | Faulkner, R.; Farcas, A.; Merchant, N. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Appendix III-M Supplemental Information for the Assessment of Potential Impacts to Marine Mammals and Sea Turtles During Construction, Operation, and Decommissioning of the Vineyard Wind Project | Pyć, C.; Zeddies, D.; Denes, S.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Underwater Acoustic Monitoring Data Analyses for the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island | HDR | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Summary Report: Best Management Practices Workshop for Atlantic Offshore Wind Facilities and Marine Protected Species | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Managing Impacts of Human-Generated Sound on Marine Life | McPherson, S. | Guidance | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Noise | Fish, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Marine Spatial Planning, Recreation & Tourism | |
Risk of whale encounters with offshore renewable energy mooring lines and electrical cables | Copping, A.; Grear, M.; Sanders, G. | Presentation | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Entanglement | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Pile Driving Noise Reduction Approaches | Wochner, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Options for biodiversity enhancement in offshore wind farms | Bureau Waardenburg bv | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions | |
Noise affects porpoise click detections – the magnitude of the effect depends on logger type and detection filter settings | Clausen, K.; Tougaard, J.; Carstensen, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Displacement, Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Environmental Sensitivity and Associated Risk to Habitats and Species Offshore Central California and Hawaii from Offshore Floating Wind Technologies | Morandi, A.; Berkman, S.; Rowe, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Passive Acoustics Survey of Cetacean Abundance Levels (PASCAL-2016) Final Report | Keating, J.; Barlow, J.; Griffiths, E.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Determination of Acoustic Compliance of Wind Farms | Cooper, S.; Chan, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Noise | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Integrating Wind Turbines and Fish Farms: An Evaluation of Potential Risks to Marine and Coastal Bird Species | Benjamins, S.; Masden, E.; Collu, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Preliminary Results: Exploring Why Some Families Living in Proximity to Wind Turbine Facilities Contemplate Vacating Their Homes—A Community-Based Study | Krogh, C.; McMurtry, R.; Dumbrille, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Noise | Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Social & Economic Data | |
Offshore wind farms and their effects on birds | Fox, A.; Petersen, I-K. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
South Fork Wind Farm COP Appendix P2: Animal Exposure Modelling | Denes, S.; Weirathmueller, M.; Zeddies, D. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | |
Understanding Marine Mammal Presence in the Virginia Offshore Wind Energy Area | Salisbury, D.; Estabrook, B.; Klinck, H.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Comparison of Environmental Effects from Different Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations | Horwath, S.; Hassrick, J.; Grismala, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
ScotMER and MREF MASTS Workshop Report | Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland | Workshop Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Displacement, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
National Environmental Policy Act Documentation for Impact-Producing Factors in the Offshore Wind Cumulative Impacts Scenario on the South Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Fisheries, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
Effects of noise-mitigated offshore pile driving on harbour porpoise abundance in the German Bight 2014-2016 (Gescha 2) | Rose, A.; Brandt, M.; Vilela, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Monitoring annoyance and stress effects of wind turbines on nearby residents | Hübner, G.; Pohl, J.; Hoen, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Noise | Human Dimensions | |
Wind turbine audibility and noise annoyance in a national U.S. survey: Individual perception and influencing factors | Haac, T.; Kaliski, K.; Landis, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Noise | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | |
Setting the Context for Offshore Wind Development Effects on Fish and Fisheries | Gill, A.; Degraer, S.; Lipsky, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement | |
Acoustic Impacts of Offshore Wind Energy on Fishery Resources: An Evolving Source and Varied Effects Across a Wind Farm’s Lifetime | Mooney, T.; Andersson, M.; Stanley, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Effects of the Block Island Wind Farm on Coastal Resources: Lessons Learned | Carey, D.; Wilber, D.; Read, L.; et al. | Magazine Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Recreation & Tourism, Stakeholder Engagement | |
Considerations for Offshore Wind Energy Development Effects on Fish and Fisheries in the United States: A Review of Existing Studies, New Efforts, and Opportunities for Innovation | Perry, R.; Heyman, W. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Marking a Decade of Monitoring, Research and Innovation | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Chemicals, Noise | Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Social network analysis as a tool for marine spatial planning: Impacts of decommissioning on connectivity in the North Sea | Tidbury, H.; Taylor, N.; van der Molen, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Safeguarding Marine Protected Areas in the Growing Mediterranean Blue Economy: Recommendations for the Offshore Wind Energy Sector | WWF France | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Lighting, Noise | Birds, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
PHAROS4MPAs: A Review of Solutions to Avoid and Mitigate Environmental Impacts of Offshore Windfarms | Defingou, M.; Bils, F.; Horchler, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Enabling Renewable Energy While Protecting Wildlife: An Ecological Risk-Based Approach to Wind Energy Development Using Ecosystem-Based Management Values | Copping, A.; Gorton, A.; May, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement | |
Existing Conditions and Potential Environmental Effects | HT Harvey and Associates | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals, Terrestrial Mammals | |
Impulsive noise pollution in the Northeast Atlantic: Reported activity during 2015–2017 | Merchant, N.; Andersson, M.; Box, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Guidance document on wind energy developments and EU nature legislation | European Commission | Guidance | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | |
Synthesis of the Science Workshop: Day 1 Summary | Consensus Building Institute | Workshop Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Measuring responses of harbour seals to potential aversive acoustic mitigation signals using controlled exposure behavioural response studies | Gordon, J.; Blight, C.; Bryant, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Review of Raptor Sections of the Bluestone Wind Avian Risk Assessment | Miller, T. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Renewable Energy and Land Use in India: A Vision to Facilitate Sustainable Development | Kiesecker, J.; Baruch-Mordo, S.; Heiner, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions |
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