The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spatial planning offshore wind energy farms in California for mediating fisheries and wildlife conservation impacts | White, C.; Wang, Y-H; Walter, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Entanglement | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Commercial Wind Lease Issuance and Site Assessment Activities on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Offshore Maine | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM); US Department of the Interior (DOI) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment, Water Quality, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Stakeholder Engagement | |
Fortsetzungsstudie Probabilistik - Das Raumnutzungs-Kollisionsrisikomodell (RKR-Modell) | Mercker, M.; Raab, R.; Liesenjohann, T.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Reduced survival in a soaring bird breeding in wind turbine proximity along the northern Baltic Sea coast | Nebel, C.; Stjernberg, T.; Tikkanen, H.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Raptors | |
Assessing exposure to wind turbines of a migratory raptor through its annual life cycle across continents | Assandri, G.; Bazzi, G.; Bermejo-Bermejo, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Displacement | Birds, Raptors | |
Lack of evasive behaviour by a Martial Eagle Polemaetus bellicosus on impact with a turbine blade at a South African wind farm: causes and mitigations; Absence de comportement évasif d’un Aigle martial Polemaetus bellicosus lors de l’impact avec une pale | Simmons, R.; Martins, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Short Science Summary: Raptor Monitoring and Minimization Technologies | WREN | Summary | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Using Available Data and Information to Identify Offshore Wind Energy Areas Off the California Coast [2024] | Rockwood, R.; Salas, L.; Howar, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Geese migrating over the Pacific Ocean select altitudes coinciding with offshore wind turbine blades | Weiser, E.; Overton, C.; Douglas, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Waterfowl | |
Wind Farms and Power Lines Reduced the Territory Status and Probability of Fledgling Production in the Eurasian Goshawk Accipiter gentilis | Husby, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Noise | Birds, Raptors | |
Approach Distances of Scottish Golden Eagles Aquila chrysaetos to Wind Turbines According to Blade Motion Status, Wind Speed, and Preferred Habitat | Fielding, A.; Anderson, D.; Benn, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Fine-scale collision risk mapping and validation with long-term mortality data reveal current and future wind energy development impact on sensitive species | Morant, J.; Arrondo, E.; Zapata, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Long-term impacts of the Smøla wind farm on a local population of white-tailed eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) | Stokke, B.; Dahl, E.; Kleven, O.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Raptors | |
Wind farms and Griffon Vultures: Evidence that under certain conditions history is not-always turbulent | Farfan, M.; Díaz-Ruiz, F.; Duarte, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Raptors | |
Incidental eagle carcass detection can contribute to fatality estimation at operating wind energy facilities | Hallingstad, E.; Riser-Espinoza, D.; Brown, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions | |
Griffon Vulture movements are concentrated around roost and supplementary feeding stations: implications for wind energy development on Mediterranean islands | Cerri, J.; Fozzi, I.; De Rosa, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
EolPop, a R-shiny tool for quantifying the demographic impact of species exposed to fatalities: Application to bird collisions with wind turbines | Chambert, T.; Duriez, O.; Deleaux, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Passerines, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Detection of wind turbines rotary motion by birds: A matter of speed and contrast | Blary, C.; Bonadonna, F.; Dussauze, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Passerines, Raptors | |
Behavioral responses to offshore windfarms during migration of a declining shorebird species revealed by GPS-telemetry | Schwemmer, P.; Mercker, M.; Haecker, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision | Birds, Shorebirds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Assessing carcass relocation for offsetting golden eagle mortality at wind energy facilities | Lonsdorf, E.; Gerber, J.; Ray, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Protecting avian wildlife for wind farm siting: The Screening Tool Proof of Concept | Salkanovic, E. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Waterfowl, Human Dimensions | |
Sensitivity analysis of collision risk at wind turbines based on flight altitude of migratory waterbirds | Kamata, T.; Sato, H.; Mukai, H.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision | Birds, Waterfowl | |
Assessing potential conflicts between offshore wind farms and migration patterns of a threatened shorebird species | Schwemmer, P.; Pederson, R.; Haecker, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision | Birds, Shorebirds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan for Commercial Lease OCS | Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind, LLC | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement | Bats, Birds, Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Visual Impacts | |
Pilotstudie: Erprobung Probabilistik/Testing Probabilistics | Mercker, M.; Liedtke, J.; Liesenjohann, T.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Large-scale effects of offshore wind farms on seabirds of high conservation concern | Garthe, S.; Schwemmer, H.; Peschko, V.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Short Science Summary: Collision Risk Modeling – A Tool for Assessing Risks to Raptors at Wind Energy Facilities | WREN | Summary | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Wind turbines in managed forests partially displace common birds | Rehling, F.; Delius, A.; Ellerbrok, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Displacement | Birds, Passerines, Raptors | |
Birds vs. wind power – significant bird impacts of wind turbines in Finnish environmental impact assessment reports | Hagman, A. | Thesis | Wind Energy | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Effectiveness of an artificial intelligence-based system to curtail wind turbines to reduce eagle collisions | Duerr, A.; Parsons, A.; Nagy, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Environmental assessment of proposed areas for offshore wind farms off southern Brazil based on ecological niche modeling and a species richness index for albatrosses and petrels | Lemos, C.; Hernandez, M.; Vilardo, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Large soaring raptors vs wind turbines development in the Swiss Alps | Vignali, S.; Braunisch, V.; Arlettaz, R. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Raptors | |
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Getting ready for offshore wind farm expansion in the North Sea | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
A review of raptor carcass persistence trials and the practical implications for fatality estimation at wind farms | Wilson, D.; Hulka, S.; Bennun, L. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
The species-specificity of energy landscapes for soaring birds, and its consequences for transferring suitability models across species | Scacco, M.; Arrondo, E.; Donazar, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Quantifying Raptors’ Flight Behavior to Assess Collision Risk and Avoidance Behavior to Wind Turbines | Linder, A.; Lyhne, H.; Laubek, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Significant decline of Griffon Vulture collision mortality in wind farms during 13-year of a selective turbine stopping protocol | Ferrer, M.; Alloing, A.; Baumbush, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Selecting auditory alerting stimuli for eagles on the basis of auditory evoked potentials | Goller, B.; Baumhardt, P.; Dominguez-Villegas, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Powering Healthy Seas: Accelerating Nature Positive Offshore Wind | Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Environmental Impact Assessment and Life Cycle Assessment for a Deep Water Floating Offshore Wind Turbine on the Brazilian Continental Shelf | de Paula, L.; Carmo, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Life Cycle Assessment | |
Monitoring of Spring Bird Migration in the Integrated System for Protection of Birds 2022 | Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitfield, P. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Waterfowl | |
Commercial Wind Lease and Grant Issuance and Site Assessment Activities on the Pacific Outer Continental Shelf Humboldt Wind Energy Area, California | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM); BOEM Environmental Studies Program | Report | Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Wind Farms and Power Lines Have Negative Effects on Territory Occupancy in Eurasian Eagle Owls (Bubo bubo) | Husby, M.; Pearson, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Noise | Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Hotspots in the grid: Avian sensitivity and vulnerability to collision risk from energy infrastructure interactions in Europe and North Africa | Gauld, J.; Silva, J.; Atkinson, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors, Seabirds | |
Site wind right: Identifying low-impact wind development areas in the Central United States | Hise, C.; Obermeyer, B.; Ahlering, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Monitoring of geese in the territory of Integrated System for Protection of Birds, Winter 2021-2022 | Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitfield, P. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Waterfowl | |
Acceptable Levels of Impact from offshore wind farms on the Dutch Continental Shelf for 21 bird species | Potiek, A.; Ijntema, G.J.; van Kooten, T.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Bat Impact Assessment: Latrodex Wind Energy Facility | Dippenaar, S. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
A Predictive Flight-Altitude Model for Avoiding Future Conflicts Between an Emblematic Raptor and Wind Energy Development in the Swiss Alps | Vignali, S.; Lörcher, F.; Hegglin, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Flight Altitudes of Raptors in Southern Africa Highlight Vulnerability of Threatened Species to Wind Turbines | McClure, C.; Dunn, L.; McCabe, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors |
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