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- Research Study:
Polagye et al.
The projThe project is developing and demonstrating variants of the Adaptable Monitoring Package (AMP). The AMP integrates active acoustic, passive acoustic, and optical sensors into a single instrumentation package that can be cabled to shore or operated autonomously. By simultaneously observing rare, but potentially significant, interactions between marine life and marine energy converters…
- Journal Article:
Sotillo et al.
Rural landscapes are undergoing widespread changes, of which homogenization and the installation of wind turbines are important components. To keep track of the impacts of homogenization and the presence of wind turbines on biodiversity, the responses of vulnerable organisms should be assessed considering their combined effects. We have tested the response of bat activity to the interaction…
- Journal Article:
Leroux et al.
The mechanisms underlying bat and bird activity peaks (attraction) or losses (avoidance) near wind turbines remain unknown. Yet, understanding them would be a major lever to limit the resulting habitat loss and fatalities. Given that bat activity is strongly related to airflows, we hypothesized that airflow disturbances generated leeward (downwind) of operating wind turbines–via the so-called…
- Journal Article:
Trinder et al.
The climate crisis is driving a rapid increase in size and number of offshore wind farms to reduce carbon emissions from electricity generation. However, there are concerns about the potential impact of offshore wind farms on the marine environment. Seabirds are considered to be at risk of being displaced from preferred foraging habitat, by construction and operation of offshore wind farms,…
- Journal Article:
Williams et al.
Offshore wind energy development (OWED), while a key strategy for reducing carbon emissions, has potential negative effects to wildlife that should be examined to inform decision making and adaptive management as the industry expands. We present a conceptual framework to guide the long-term study of potential effects to birds and bats from OWED. This framework includes a focus on exposure and…
- Journal Article:
Voigt et al.
Wind energy production is growing rapidly worldwide in an effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, wind energy production is not environmentally neutral. Negative impacts on volant animals, such as bats, include fatalities at turbines and habitat loss due to land-use change and displacement. Siting turbines away from ecologically sensitive areas and implementing measures to reduce…
- Research Study:
Murphy and Jessopp
This study will determine the potential implications for seabird health and habitat use from the intensification of wind power generation in the marine environment. Baseline data are required on a wide range of seabird species in Ireland to inform at-sea distributions and core foraging areas. The use of telemetry and aerial survey data in this project will inform models of population level…
- Journal Article:
Millon et al.
Previous studies have mainly focused on bat mortality through collision by wind turbines, and very few studies have assessed the indirect impacts on bat activity and on foraging habitat availability. Also, there is a global lack of knowledge on the vulnerability of tropical bat fauna due to wind energy production, even though it is well known that windpower can affect bat communities and…
- Journal Article:
Dierschke et al.
The extent to which seabirds are displaced from, or attracted to, offshore wind farms (OWFs) is uncertain, but rapid development of OWFs in European waters could conflict with seabird conservation. We review post-construction studies of seabirds at 20 OWFs in European waters to extract and classify evidence for displacement or attraction of 33 different seabird species. Divers and northern…
- Report:
Skov et al.
The ORJIP BCA study, 2014 - 2017, has been designed to improve the evidence base for seabird avoidance behaviour and collisions around offshore wind farms, with the aim of informing impact assessment and supporting consenting applications for the offshore wind industry. Driven by ambitious renewable energy targets and reduced costs, the offshore wind industry has experienced a…
- Journal Article:
Aschwanden et al.
Bird collisions at wind turbines are perceived to be an important conservation issue. To determine mitigation actions such as temporary shutdown of wind turbines when bird movement intensities are high, knowledge of the relationship between the number of birds crossing an area and the number of collisions is essential. Our aim was to combine radar data on bird movement intensities with…
- Report:
Warren-Hicks et al.
The California Wind Energy Association (CalWEA) evaluated the procedures in the California Guidelines for Reducing Impacts to Birds and Bats from Wind Energy Development (the Guidelines) for estimating fatality of birds and bats associated with wind energy facilities. The research sought to improve the accuracy of methods for estimating the number of bird and bat fatalities by evaluating the…
- Report:
Rehfisch et al.
A novel approach is presented for estimating northern gannet Morus bassanus macro- and micro-avoidance of offshore windfarms from high resolution digital images gathered from aerial survey. This approach calculates macro- and micro-avoidance based on the measured change in gannet density at a distance from the windfarm and inside the windfarm. Four aerial surveys of the…
- Report:
Masden
As wind energy developments increase globally the potential associated environmental impacts are receiving considerable attention, particularly avian impacts. These potential impacts on bird populations can be grouped into three main types: direct mortality due to collision with turbines/infrastructure; physical habitat modification and/or loss; and behavioural responses of birds to turbines (…
- Journal Article:
Meyer et al.
We used behavioural conditioning to demonstrate that sharks can detect changes in the geomagnetic field. Captive sharks were conditioned by pairing activation of an artificial magnetic field with presentation of food over a target. Conditioned sharks subsequently converged on the target when the artificial magnetic field was activated but no food reward was presented thereby demonstrating that…
- Report:
Larkin
A DOE-sponsored research project found strong evidence that flying wildlife avoid or are attracted to commercial-scale wind turbines from a distance. Some nocturnally migrating birds avoid flying near turbines and few or none change flight paths to approach them. High-flying bats less often avoid flying near turbines and some are attracted to them from a distance, although bats’ flight paths…
- Report:
Forcey
Most previous studies on collision impacts at wind facilities have taken place at the site-specific level and have only examined small-scale influences on mortality. In this study, we examine landscape-level influences using a hierarchical spatial model combined with existing datasets and life history knowledge for: Horned Lark, Red-eyed Vireo, Mallard, American Avocet, Golden Eagle, Whooping…
- Journal Article:
Calvert et al.
Many human activities in Canada kill wild birds, yet the relative magnitude of mortality from different sources and the consequent effects on bird populations have not been systematically evaluated. We synthesize recent estimates of avian mortality in Canada from a range of industrial and other human activities, to provide context for the estimates from individual sources presented in this…
- Book Chapter:
Arnett and Baerwald
At a time of growing concern over the rising costs and long-term environmental impacts from the use of fossil fuels, wind energy has become an increasingly important sector of the electrical power industry. However, large numbers of bats are being killed at utility-scale wind energy facilities, and these fatalities raise important concerns about cumulative impacts of proposed wind energy…
- Journal Article:
Langhamer et al.
Sufficient, clean and secure energy is the main driver for a worldwide growing welfare and economic development of a society. Environmental concerns on the expansion of offshore renewable energy and its impact on marine organisms need to be scientifically assessed for risks and consequences. In order to observe the effects of an operating wind farm on fish, we studied the rather stationary and…
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