The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The clash between biodiversity protection and renewable energy development in the European Union with reference to the Habitats and the Birds Directive s | Aikaterini, N. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Birds, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy | |
Conservation Organizations Comments on June 21, 2021 OSW Workshop | Cullum, L.; Hislop, K.; Aylesworth, S.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Marine Mammals | |
Developing expert scientific consensus on the environmental and societal effects of marine artificial structures prior to decommissioning | Knights, A.; Lemasson, A.; Firth, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | |
Design, production, and validation of the biological and structural performance of an ecologically engineered concrete block mattress: A Nature-Inclusive Design for shoreline and offshore construction | Sella, I.; Hadary, T.; Rella, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates | |
Field Observations During Offshore Wind Structure Installation and Operation (Maryland Offshore Wind and Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind) | Amaral, J.; Ampela, K.; Frankel, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Offshore wind turbine operations and maintenance: A state-of-the-art review | Ren, Z.; Verma, A.; Li, Y.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Response of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena L., 1758) to the FaunaGuard and subsequent piling during the construction of offshore wind farms | Voß, J. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Characterization of Impact Pile Driving Signals and Fin Whale Vocalizations at the Block Island Wind Farm Site | Amaral, J. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Comparison of Environmental Effects from Different Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations (2021 Revision) | Horwath, S.; Hassrick, J.; Grismala, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Far-Field Effects of Impulsive Noise on Coastal Bottlenose Dolphins | Fernandez-Betelu, O.; Graham, I.; Brookes, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Revolution Wind COP Appendix Z1: Assessment of Impacts to Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles, and ESA-Listed Fish Species | CSA Ocean Sciences Inc | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
The Design, Production and Validation of the Biological and Structural Performance of an Ecologically Engineered Concrete Block Mattress – A Nature Inclusive Design for Shoreline and Offshore construction | Sella, I.; Hadary, T.; Rella, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment | |
Atlantic deepwater ecosystem observatory network: Patterns of acoustic backscatter and community structure of the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf | Miksis-Olds, J.; Warren, J.; Blair, H.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Displacement, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Guidelines for Lighting and Marking of Structures Supporting Renewable Energy Development | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Guidance | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Lighting | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Evaluation of the Coastal Acoustic Buoy for offshore wind for real time mitigation of North Atlantic right whales | Palmer, K. ; Turner, J.; Tabbutt, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind COP Appendix II-J: Essential Fish Habitat Assessment | Environmental Design & Research, Landscape Architecture, Engineering, & Environmental Services, D.P.C. (EDR) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish | |
South Fork Wind Farm Construction and Operations Plan | Ørsted; Eversource | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | |
HELCOM Guidelines for monitoring continuous noise | Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Progressive Insights in Changing Species Distribution Patterns Informing Marine Management | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Using fisheries-dependent data to investigate landings of European lobster (Homarus gammarus) within an offshore wind farm | Thatcher, H.; Stamp, T.; Moore, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Ecological Baseline Studies of the US Outer Continental Shelf | Willmot, J.; Forcey, G.; Vukovich, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | |
Do electromagnetic fields from subsea power cables effect benthic elasmobranch behaviour? A risk-based approach for the Dutch Continental Shelf | Hermans, A.; Winter, H.; Gill, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish | |
Making eco-sustainable floating offshore wind farms: Siting, mitigations, and compensations | Danovaro, R.; Bianchelli, S.; Brambilla, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
A Multi-Criteria Approach to Evaluate Floating Offshore Wind Farms Siting in the Canary Islands (Spain) | Díaz, H.; Soares, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
How could operational underwater sound from future offshore wind turbines impact marine life? | Stober, U.; Thomsen, F. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Environmental impacts of offshore wind installation, operation and maintenance, and decommissioning activities: A case study of Brazil | Hernández Carrascal, O.; Shadman, M.; Amiri, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Integrating Social and Ecological Research on the Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in North America | ten Brink, T.; Dalton, T.; Livermore, J. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data | |
Multi-Disciplinary and Multi-Scale Assessment of Marine Renewable Energy Structure in a Tidal System | Raoux, A.; Robin, I.; Pezy, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Physical Environment, Fish, Invertebrates | |
A roadmap towards quantitative cumulative impact assessments: Every step of the way | Piet, G.; Tamis, J.; Volwater, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Noise | Birds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions | |
Sustainable energy planning for remote islands and the waste legacy from renewable energy infrastructure deployment | Kouloumpis, V.; Yan, X. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Chemicals, Habitat Change | Physical Environment, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment, Social & Economic Data | |
An Evaluation of the Potential Impact of Extracting Marine Renewable Energy in the Coastal Environment of the Black Sea | Zburlea, L.; Rusu, E. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | |
Primary vs grey: A critical evaluation of literature sources used to assess the impacts of offshore wind farms | Szostek, C.; Edwards-Jones, A.; Beaumont, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions | |
A modelling evaluation of electromagnetic fields emitted by buried subsea power cables and encountered by marine animals: considerations for marine renewable energy development | Hutchison, Z.; Gill, A.; Sigray, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates | |
Mitigating biodiversity impacts associated with solar and wind energy development: guidelines for project developers | Bennun, L.; van Bochove, J.; Ng, C.; et al. | Guidance | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals | |
Potential environmental effects of deepwater floating offshore wind energy facilities | Farr, H.; Ruttenberg, B.; Walter, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Spatial and temporal analysis of cumulative environmental effects of offshore wind farms in the North Sea basin | Gusatu, L.; Menegon, S.; Depellegrin, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Chemicals, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions | |
Electromagnetic Field Impacts on American Eel Movement and Migration from Direct Current Cables | Hutchison, Z.; Sigray, P.; Gill, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish | |
Vineyard Wind 1 Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Attraction, avoidance and habitat use at various spatial scales | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Automatic Segregation of Pelagic Habitats | Plonus, R-M.; Vogl, S.; Floeter, J. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Physical Environment, Human Dimensions | |
Masking release at 4 kHz in harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) associated with sinusoidal amplitude-modulated masking noise | Kastelein, R.; Helder-Hoek, L.; Covi, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Anthropogenic Sound Exposure-Induced Stress in Captive Dolphins and Implications for Cetacean Health | Yang, W.; Chen, C.; Chuah, Y.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
A Case Study of Whistle Detection and Localization for Humpback Dolphins in Taiwan | Hung, C.; Chu, W.; Li, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
ROSA Offshore Wind Project Monitoring Framework and Guidelines | ROSA | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Hydrodynamic Modeling, Particle Tracking and Agent-Based Modeling of Larvae in the U.S. Mid-Atlantic Bight | Johnson, T.; van Berkel, J.; Mortensen, L.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
The Responsible Offshore Development Alliance Research Priorities 2022 | Responsible Offshore Development Alliance (RODA) | Guidance | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
FLOATGEN floating wind turbine environmental monitoring report, SEM-REV test site | Reynaud, M.; Le Bouhris, E.; Soulard, T.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | EMF, Noise | Birds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions | |
Environmental Impact of Solar and Wind energy- A Review | Hamed, T.; Alshare, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
BirdLife Position on Renewable Energy at Sea and nature conservation | BirdLife International | Guidance | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Offshore wind farms and the attraction-production hypothesis: insights from a combination of stomach content and stable isotope analyses | Mavraki, N.; Degraer, S.; Vanaverbeke, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish |
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