Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Potential impacts of submarine power cables from marine renewable energy projects on benthic communities Taormina, B. Thesis Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
The Interaction Between Resource Species and Electromagnetic Fields Associated with Electricity Production by Offshore Wind Farms Hutchison, Z.; Secor, D.; Gill, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind EMF Fish, Invertebrates
Setting the Context for Offshore Wind Development Effects on Fish and Fisheries Gill, A.; Degraer, S.; Lipsky, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement
SEER Factsheet SEER Summary Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
A Scheimpflug lidar used to observe insect swarming at a wind turbine Jansson, S.; Malmqvist, E.; Brydegaard, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Attraction Bats, Invertebrates
Stakeholder Workshop: Scientific Research Framework to Understand the Effects of Offshore Wind Energy Development on Birds and Bats in the Eastern United States New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Telemetry reveals strong effects of offshore wind farms on behaviour and habitat use of common guillemots (Uria aalge) during the breeding season Peschko, V.; Mercker, M.; Garthe, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance Birds, Seabirds
Marine Biofouling: A European Database for the Marine Renewable Energy Sector Vinagre, P.; Simas, T.; Cruz, E.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates
A current synthesis on the effects of electric and magnetic fields emitted by submarine power cables on invertebrates Albert, L.; Deschamps, F.; Jolivet, A.; et al. Journal Article EMF Invertebrates
Comparative migration ecology of striped bass and Atlantic sturgeon in the US Southern mid-Atlantic bight flyway Rothermel, E.; Balazik, M.; Best, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance Fish
Impact of Offshore Wind Farms on Marine Ecosystems, Pelagic Species and Fishing Negro, V.; del Campo, J.; Luengo Frades, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Displacement Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Recreation & Tourism
Using Artificial-Reef Knowledge to Enhance the Ecological Function of Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations: Implications for Fish Abundance and Diversity Glarou, M.; Zrust, M.; Svendsen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish
Characterizing the first wave of fish and invertebrate colonization on a new offshore petroleum platform Todd, V.; Williamson, L.; Cox, S.; et al. Journal Article Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates
ThermalTracker-3D: A thermal stereo vision system for quantifying bird and bat activity at offshore wind energy sites Matzner, S.; Warfel, T.; Hull, R. Journal Article Wind Energy Attraction, Avoidance Bats, Birds
Underwater Visual Records of Marine Megafauna Around Offshore Anthropogenic Structures Todd, V.; Lazar, L.; Williamson, L.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Reptiles
Nature-Inclusive Design: A Catalogue for Offshore Wind Infrastructure Hermans, A.; Bos, O.; Prusina, I. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Anthropogenic electromagnetic fields (EMF) influence the behaviour of bottom-dwelling marine species Hutchison, Z.; Gill, A.; Sigray, P.; et al. Journal Article EMF Fish, Demersal Fish
Impact of magnetic fields generated by AC/DC submarine power cables on the behavior of juvenile European lobster (Homarus gammarus) Taormina, B.; Di Poi, C.; Agnalt, A.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy EMF Invertebrates, Legal & Policy
Immune response of mollusk Onchidium struma to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF, 50 Hz) exposure based on immune-related enzyme activity and De novo transcriptome analysis Zhang, M.; Wang, J.; Sun, Q.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy EMF Invertebrates
Artificial reef design affects benthic secondary productivity and provision of functional habitat Rouse, S.; Porter, J.; Wilding, T. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates
Assessing potential impacts of energized submarine power cables on crab harvests Love, M.; Nishimoto, M.; Clark, S.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy EMF Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
The energy landscape predicts flight height and wind turbine collision hazard in three species of large soaring raptor Peron, G.; Fleming, C.; Duriez, O.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Raptors, Birds
Effects of EMF emissions from undersea electric cables on coral reef fish Kilfoyle, A.; Jermain, R.; Dhanak, M.; et al. Journal Article EMF Fish
Bat flight height monitored from wind masts predicts mortality risk at wind farms Roemer, C.; Disca, T.; Coulon, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Attraction Bats
When the Excrement Hits the Fan: Fecal Surveys Reveal Species-Specific Bat Activity at Wind Turbines Bennett, V.; Hale, A.; Williams, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision Bats
A Comparison of Fishes and Invertebrates Living in the Vicinity of Energized and Unenergized Submarine Power Cables and Natural Sea Floor off Southern California, USA Love, M.; Nishimoto, M.; Snook, L.; et al. Journal Article EMF Fish, Invertebrates
Bird and Bat Species' Global Vulnerability to Collision Mortality at Wind Farms Revealed Through a Trait-Based Assessment Thaxter, C.; Buchanan, G.; Carr, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Bats, Birds
Acoustic mirrors as sensory traps for bats Greif, S.; Zsebok, S. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Bats
Insight into shark magnetic field perception from empirical observations Anderson, J.; Clegg, T.; Veras, L.; et al. Journal Article EMF Fish, Pelagic Fish
Cognitive and magnetosensory ecology of the yellow stingray, Urobatis jamaicensis Newton, K. Thesis EMF Fish, Demersal Fish
Biological effects of the hypomagnetic field: An analytical review of experiments and theories Binhi, V.; Prato, F. Journal Article EMF
Do Terrestrial Animals Avoid Areas Close to Turbines in Functioning Wind Farms in Agricultural Landscapes? Łopucki, R.; Klich, D.; Gielarek, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Terrestrial Mammals
Distribution and abundance of cetaceans in a wind energy development area offshore of Massachusetts and Rhode Island Stone, K.; Leiter, S.; Kenney, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Red Kite Mammen, K.; Mammen, U.; Resetaritz, A. Book Chapter Fixed Offshore Wind, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Attraction Raptors, Birds
Magnetic field discrimination, learning, and memory in the yellow stingray (Urobatis jamaicensis) Newton, K.; Kajiura, S. Journal Article EMF Fish
The Challenges of Addressing Wildlife Impacts When Repowering Wind Energy Projects Smallwood, K. Book Chapter Wind Energy Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds
Bird Mortality in Two Dutch Wind Farms: Effects of Location, Spatial Design and Interactions with Powerlines Brenninkmeijer, A.; Klop, E. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds
Magnetic field effect on melanophores of the European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus (Linnaeus, 1758) and vendace Coregonus albula (Linnaeus, 1758) (Salmonidae) during early embryogenesis Brysiewicz, A.; Formicki, K.; Tański, A.; et al. Journal Article EMF Fish, Pelagic Fish
Lake Erie Monitoring Plan for the Offshore Wind Project: Icebreaker Wind LimnoTech Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Ecosystem Processes, Fish
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: a Continued move towards Integration and Quantification Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment
Civil Engineering Aspects of a Wind Farm and Wind Turbine Structures Bhattacharya, S. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals

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