Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Getting ready for offshore wind farm expansion in the North Sea Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
A new strategic framework to structure Cumulative Impact Assessment (CIA) Declerck, M.; Trifonova, N.; Black, J.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions
Sunrise Wind Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Impacts generated by the materials used in offshore wind technology on Human Health, Natural Environment and Resources Rueda-Bayona, J.; Eras, J.; Chaparro, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Chemicals Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Data Management & Storage Best Practices for Long-term and Archival Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) Data RWSC Marine Mammal Subcommittee Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions
A review to inform the assessment of the risk of collision and displacement in petrels and shearwaters from offshore wind developments in Scotland Deakin, Z.; Cook, A.; Daunt, F.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Fish
Advanced Collision Detection and Site Monitoring for Avian and Bat Species for Offshore Wind Energy (Final Technical Report) Albertani, R.; Johnston, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Delivering local benefit from offshore renewables: Working towards a new model for community benefit and local ownership Regen Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Update on the current state of knowledge on the impacts of offshore wind farms on birds in the OSPAR Region: 2019-2022 Leemans, J.; Collier, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Potential Influence of Offshore Wind Farms on the Marine Stratification in the Waters Adjacent to China Lian, Z.; Liu, K.; Yang, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
New England Wind COP Appendix II-D: Marine Archaeological Resource Assessment Reports Gray & Pape Heritage Management; SEARCH, Inc.; Epsilon Associates Inc. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
New England Wind COP Appendix III-G: Preliminary Terrestrial Archaeology Resources Report and Permit Applications Epsilon Associates Inc. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
PARC EOLIEN EN MER DE SAINTNAZAIRE: Phase Construction – Rapport opérationnel Bellanger, J.; Clorennec, D.; Billand, P.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Environmental licensing for offshore wind farms: Guidelines and policy implications for new markets de Vasconcelos, R.; Silva, L.; Gonzalez, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Marine renewable energy technologies on the high seas: challenges and opportunities to strengthen international environmental and renewable energy governance Soria-Rodríguez, C. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Framework for assessing and mitigating the impacts of offshore wind energy development on marine birds Croll, D.; Ellis, A.; Adams, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Human Dimensions
New England Wind Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles
Great Lakes Wind Energy Feasibility Study Musial, W.; Green, R.; Courbis, S.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts
Development and Dynamics of Sediment Waves in a Complex Morphological and Tidal Dominant System: Southern Irish Sea Creane, S.; Coughlan, M.; O’Shea, M.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Tapping the ocean’s large renewable energy sources World Ocean Intiative Magazine Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy
Providing a detailed estimate of mortality using a simulation-based collision risk model Horne, N.; Culloch, R.; Schmitt, P.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Offshore Wind Energy Permitting Processes in the European Union: An examination of Danish, German, Scottish and Swedish offshore permitting processes and case study of acoustic impact on marine mammals Jack, T. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Biological Assessment: Revolution Wind Farm and Revolution Export Cable - Development and Operation BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds
Low-Carbon, Nature-Inclusive Concrete Gravity-Based Foundations for Offshore Wind Turbines Fried, S.; Ozkan, D.; Halldén, K.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Conflicts between Fisheries and Offshore Wind Power in Taiwan: Legal and Administrative Prospects Tseng, H.; Kao, S-C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy
Entanglement Evidence Base OES-Environmental Summary Marine Energy, Wind Energy Entanglement
Case studies to support scenario mapping for offshore renewable energy development economic benefits BVG Associates Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Unstated impacts of the green energy industry on the habitat of a coastal delphinid: Turbid-turbulent wakes induced by offshore wind turbine foundations Huang, S-L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment
Environmental impact assessment framework for offshore wind energy developments based on the marine Good Environmental Status Abramic, A.; Cordero-Penin, V.; Haroun, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
To fly or not to fly? Comparing vantage point and uncrewed aerial vehicle surveys for assessments of seabird abundance and fine-scale distribution Costagliola-Ray, M.; Lieber, L.; Nimmo-Smith, A.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Towards Holistic Characterization of the Near Seabed for Renewable Energy Installations in Shallow Marine Environments Clementi, M.; Boiero, D.; Leone, C.; et al. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wind Energy Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Public dialogue as a collaborative planning process for offshore wind energy projects: Implications from a text analysis of a South Korean case Park, S.; Yun, S.; Cho, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Bluepoint Wind: Fisheries Communications Plan (FCP) Sea Risk Solutions Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Regulatory and Policy Frameworks for Offshore Wind Projects: Spatial and Temporal Considerations in Light of Fisheries Sustainability amid Climate Change Al Arif, A.; Anchustegui, I. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Fisheries, Legal & Policy
Evidence for the effects of decommissioning man-made structures on marine ecosystems globally: a systematic map Lemasson, A.; Somerfield, P.; Schratzberger, M.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes
Commercial cuttlefish exposed to noise from offshore windmill construction show short-range acoustic trauma Solé, M.; De Vreese, S.; Fortuno, J-M.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Noise Invertebrates
Empire Offshore Wind Draft Environmental Impact Statement Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Impacts of accelerating deployment of offshore windfarms on near-surface climate Akhtar, N.; Geyer, B.; Schrum, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Environmental variables for distribution modelling of UK marine megafauna species Wilkinson, D.; Quinn, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Dominant Frequency Extraction for Operational Underwater Sound of Offshore Wind Turbines Using Adaptive Stochastic Resonance Wang, R.; Xu, X.; Zou, Z.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Physical Environment
Powering the Blue Economy: An Assessment of Marine Renewable Energies Guduru, S.; Narula, K. Book Chapter Marine Energy, OTEC, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy
Tethys Wind Fact Sheet Tethys Summary Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind
Mapping potential environmental impacts of offshore renewable energy Galparsoro, I.; Menchaca, I.; Seeger, I.; et al. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
The Economic Impact of Scotland's Renewable Energy Sector - 2022 Update University of Strathclyde; Scottish Renewables Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Do people prefer offshore to onshore wind energy? The role of ownership and intended use Linnerud, K.; Dugstad, A.; Rygg, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Understanding Economic Impacts to the Commercial Surfclam Fishing Industry from Offshore Wind Energy Development Munroe, D.; Powell, E.; Klinck, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Marine birds: vision-based wind turbine collision mitigation Martin, G. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Mitigating Negative Impacts of Marine Renewable Energy on Biodiversity: The Role of International Environmental Law Marauhn, T.; Böhringer, A-M.; Jaś-Nowopolska, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
"We could have been leaders": The rise and fall of offshore wind energy on the political agenda in Ireland Roux, J-P.; Fitch-Roy, O.; Devine-Wright, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning

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