Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Joint OSPAR/HELCOM/ICES Working Group on Seabirds (JWGBIRDS; Outputs from 2022 Meeting) Dierschke, V.; Frederiksen, M.; Glemarec, G.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance Birds, Seabirds
Avoidance of offshore wind farms by Sandwich Terns in the North Sea increases with turbine density van Bemmelen, R.; Leemans, J.; Collier, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance Birds, Seabirds
Understanding seabird behaviour at sea part 2: improved estimates of collision risk model parameters Cook, A.; Thaxter, C.; Davies, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds
Strategic study of collision risk for birds on migration and further development of the stochastic collision risk modelling tool Woodward, I.; Franks, S.; Bowgen, K.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds
Seabird tagging feasibility for the Sectoral Marine Plan for Offshore Wind Energy Cook, A.; Pollock, C.; Bogdanova, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Assessing the Relationship between Sea Turtle Strandings and Anthropogenic Impacts in Taiwan Chou, W.; Wu, P.; Li, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Ornithological and Marine Fauna Aerial Digital Survey: First Annual Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Maryland Offshore Wind Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs Report Wind Energy Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
A risk-based approach to cumulative effects assessment for large marine ecosystems to support transboundary marine spatial planning: A case study of the yellow sea Ma, C.; Stelzenmüller, V.; Rehren, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions
Towards understanding environmental and cumulative impacts of floating wind farms: Lessons learned from the fixed-bottom offshore wind farms Rezaei, F.; Contestabile, P; Vicinanza, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates
Vulnerability Index to Scale Effects of Offshore Renewable Energy on Marine Mammals and Sea Turtles Off the U.S. West Coast (VIMMS) Southall, B.; Mazurek, R.; Eriksen, R. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Windfarm and Wildfire: Spatial ecology of an endangered freshwater turtle in a recovering landscape Delay, S.; Urguhart, O.; Litzgus, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Reptiles
Nationwide Recommendations for Impact Pile Driving Sound Exposure Modeling and Sound Field Measurement for Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plans Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Campaign 8 Interim Report 1 McKenna, K.; Hsu, S.; O'Brien, O.; et al. Report Wind Energy Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Maritime Spatial Planning in Europe: Discussion Paper on the Challenges and Potential Opportunities Around the Colocation of Offshore Wind Energy with Marine Protected Areas Stephenson, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Protected species considerations for ocean planning: A case study for offshore wind energy development in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Farmer, N.; Garrison, L.; Litz, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Marine Spatial Planning
Thermal soaring over the North Sea and implications for wind farm interactions van Erp, J.; Sage, E.; Bouten, W.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds, Seabirds
Offshore Wind Energy and Seabird Collision Vulnerability in California Grover, W. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Ocean Wind 1 Construction and Operations Plan Ocean Wind 1 Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions
Large-scale effects of offshore wind farms on seabirds of high conservation concern Garthe, S.; Schwemmer, H.; Peschko, V.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Ornithological and Marine Fauna Aerial Digital Survey: First Semiannual Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
An ecological risk assessment for the impacts of offshore wind farms on birds in Australia Reid, K.; Baker, G.; Woehler, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Passerines, Seabirds
Monitoring of Marine Life During Offshore Wind Energy Development—Guidelines and Recommendations Kershaw, F.; Jones, A.; Folsom-O’Keefe, C.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Human Dimensions
A framework for improving treatment of uncertainty in offshore wind assessments for protected marine birds Searle, K.; O'Brien, S.; Jones, E.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds
Revolution Wind Construction and Operations Plan Vanasse Hangen Brustlin Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions
Resolving Key Uncertainties of Seabird Flight and Avoidance Behaviours at Offshore Wind Farms: Final Report for the study period 2020-2021 Tjørnløv, R.; Skov, H.; Armitage, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance Birds, Seabirds
Revolution Wind COP Appendix P3: Underwater Acoustic Modeling Analysis Kusel, E.; Weirathmueller, M.; Zammit, K.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Interdisciplinary analysis of wind energy - a focus on France Kinani, K.; Meunier, S.; Vido, L.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Distributing transmitters to maximize population-level representativeness in automated radio telemetry studies of animal movement Lamb, J.; Loring, P.; Paton, P. Journal Article Wind Energy Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds
Demonstrating an Effective Marine Biodiversity Observation Network in the Santa Barbara Channel Miller, R.; Siegel, D.; Carlson, C.; et al. Report Wind Energy Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Identifying ecologically important marine areas for seabirds using behavioural information in combination with distribution patterns Camphuysen, K.; Shamoun-Baranes, J.; Bouten, W.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Seabirds, Birds
Tracking seabirds to identify ecologically important and high risk marine areas in the western North Atlantic Montevecchi, W.; Hedd, A.; Tranquilla, L.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Seabirds, Birds
Argyll Array Offshore Windfarm Report to Inform a Shadow Appropriate Assessment - Great Northern Diver Potential SPAs NIRAS Consulting Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Hornsea Project 2 Environmental Impact Assessment SMart Wind Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Underwater Hearing Sensitivity of the Leatherback Sea Turtle (Dermochelys coriacea): Assessing the Potential Effect of Anthropogenic Noise Piniak, W.; Eckert, S.; Harms, C.; et al. Report Noise Reptiles
Population Trends of Breeding Seabird Colonies in Scottish SPAs Malcolm, F.; Lye, G.; Lewis, M. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Population Sizes of Seabirds breeding in Scottish Special Protection Areas Lewis, M.; Lye, G.; Pendlebury, C.; et al. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Effects on birds of Offshore Wind farm Egmond aan Zee (OWEZ): An overview and integration of insights obtained Hartman, J.; Krijgsveld, K.; Poot, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Seabirds, Birds
Nesting Ecology of a Population of Gopherus agassizii at a Utility-Scale Wind Energy Facility in Southern California Ennen, J.; Lovich, J.; Meyer, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Reptiles
Marine Bird Distribution Along the Oregon Coast Suryan, R.; Phillips, E.; So, K.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Habitat Change Seabirds, Birds
Wind Energy Plants and Possible Effects on Samandağ Sea Turtles Yalçın-Özdilek, S.; Yalçın, S. Magazine Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind EMF, Habitat Change Reptiles
Simulating Transoceanic Migrations of Young Loggerhead Sea Turtles: Merging Magnetic Navigation Behavior with an Ocean Circulation Model Putman, N.; Verley, P.; Shay, T.; et al. Journal Article EMF Reptiles
Vulnerability of Scottish Seabirds to Offshore Wind Turbines Furness, B.; Wade, H. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors, Seabirds, Waterfowl
The Development and Use of a Method to Fill Time Gaps in Migration Counts Mateos-Rodriguez, M.; Thomas, L.; Arroyo, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Towards an Environmentally Sound Offshore Wind Energy Deployment Verfuß, U. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions
Monitoring and Research Shortlist Offshore Wind - Knowledge advancements and follow up Boon, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds
Distance Sampling to Estimate the Abundance of Birds with Sector and Radial Radar Detection Methods Ma, X. Journal Article Birds, Seabirds
Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Heading for an Understanding of Environmental Impacts Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Migration and Habitat Use by Seabirds in the Atlantic Flyway: Evaluation of Potential Impacts of Proposed Wind Farms Berlin, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Waterfowl
Interactions with Offshore Wind Energy: Birds and Bats Island Institute Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Collision, Changes in Flow, Avoidance, Attraction Seabirds, Birds, Bats

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