Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Visual fields, foraging and collision vulnerability in gulls (Laridae) Cantlay, J.; Portugal, S.; Martin, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds
Influence of wind on kittiwake Rissa tridactyla flight and offshore wind turbine collision risk Davies, J.; Boersch-Supan, P.; Clewley, G.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Collaboration for Environmental Mitigation and Nature Inclusive Design (CEMNID) Xodus Group; The Rich North Sea - De Rijke Noordzee Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals
Environmental impacts from large-scale offshore renewable-energy deployment Ouro, P.; Fernandez, R.; Armstrong, A.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
A new method for quantifying redistribution of seabirds within operational offshore wind farms finds no evidence of within-wind farm displacement Trinder, M.; O'Brien, S.; Deimel, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Displacement Seabirds
Approach Distances of Scottish Golden Eagles Aquila chrysaetos to Wind Turbines According to Blade Motion Status, Wind Speed, and Preferred Habitat Fielding, A.; Anderson, D.; Benn, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Raptors
Behavioural responses of Sandwich terns following the construction of offshore wind farms Thaxter, C.; Green, R.; Collier, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Seabirds
Responses of GPS-Tagged Territorial Golden Eagles Aquila chrysaetos to Wind Turbines in Scotland Fielding, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Residency and habitat use of European lobster (Homarus gammarus) within an offshore wind farm Thatcher, H.; Stamp, T.; Wilcockson, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Invertebrates
Offshore construction using gravity-base foundations indicates no long-term impacts on dolphins and harbour porpoise Potlock, K.; Temple, A.; Berggren, P. Journal Article Wind Energy Attraction Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Sensitivity analysis of collision risk at wind turbines based on flight altitude of migratory waterbirds Kamata, T.; Sato, H.; Mukai, H.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds, Waterfowl
Increased food availability at offshore wind farms affects trophic ecology of plaice Pleuronectes platessa Buyse, J.; Hostens, K.; Degraer, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Physical Environment
Resolving Key Uncertainties of Seabird Flight and Avoidance Behaviours at Offshore Wind Farms: Final Report for the study period 2020-2021 Tjørnløv, R.; Skov, H.; Armitage, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance Birds, Seabirds
Directional hydrophone clusters reveal evasive responses of small cetaceans to disturbance during construction at offshore windfarms Graham, I.; Gillespie, D.; Gkikopoulou, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Bird carcass detection from integrated trials at multiple wind farms Kitano, M.; Smallwood, K. Shawn; Fukaya, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Reef effect of offshore structures on the occurrence and foraging activity of harbour porpoises Fernandez-Betelu, O.; Graham, I.; Thompson, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Mapping the collision risk between two gull species and offshore wind turbines: Modelling and validation Mikami, K.; Kazama, K.; Kazama, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds
Artificial hard-substrate colonisation in the offshore Hywind Scotland Pilot Park Karlsson, R.; Tivefälth, M.; Duranović, I.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates
Satellite Tracking of Migration Routes of the Eastern Buzzard (Buteo japonicus) in Japan through Sakhalin Hijikata, N.; Yamaguchi, N.; Hiraoka, E.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Landscape Decisions to Meet Net Zero Carbon: Pathways that consider ethics, socio-ecological diversity, and landscape functions. Landscape Decisions Report Cole, B.; Gardner, E.; Willcock, S.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Responses of dispersing GPS-tagged Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) to multiple wind farms across Scotland Fielding, A.; Anderson, D.; Benn, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Raptors
Comparison of the Home Ranges of Mountain Hawk-Eagles During Different Phases of Wind Farm Construction Nishibayashi, N.; Kitamura, W.; Yoshizaki, S. Journal Article Wind Energy Avoidance Birds, Raptors
Hywind Scotland Ornithological Monitoring Programme: Overwintering distributions of common guillemot and razorbill populations in Eastern Scotland Bogdanova, M.; Buckingham, L.; Newell, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds
When speed matters: The importance of flight speed in an avian collision risk model Masden, E.; Cook, A.; McCluskie, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Non-territorial GPS-tagged golden eagles Aquila chrysaetos at two Scottish wind farms: Avoidance influenced by preferred habitat distribution, wind speed and blade motion status Fielding, A.; Anderson, D.; Benn, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Raptors
Reducing bird collision risk per megawatt by introducing longer wind turbine blades Shimada, Y. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds
Resolving Key Uncertainties of Seabird Flight and Avoidance Behaviours at Offshore Wind Farms: Annual report for April 2020 – October 2020 Tjørnløv, R.; Skov, H.; Armitage, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance Birds, Seabirds
Risk of Avian Collisions in Wind Turbines Matsuda, H.; Sugimoto, H.; Shimada, Y. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
La urgencia de hacer Restauración ecológica en México Mendez-Toribio, M.; Izquierdo- Calderón, N.; Martinez-Garza, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
A bird's-eye view on turbulence: seabird foraging associations with evolving surface flow features Lieber, L.; Langrock, R.; Nimmo-Smith, A. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Attraction, Changes in Flow Birds, Seabirds
Peaks in bat activity at turbines and the implications for mitigating the impact of wind energy developments on bats Richardson, S.; Lintott, P.; Hosken, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision Bats
Recent increase in knowledge about numbers and flight behaviour in the White-throated Needletail 'Hirundapus caudacutus' Tarburton, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds
Vulnerability of northern gannets to offshore wind farms; seasonal and sex-specific collision risk and demographic consequences Lane, J.; Jeavons, R.; Deakin, Z.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds
Integrating Wind Turbines and Fish Farms: An Evaluation of Potential Risks to Marine and Coastal Bird Species Benjamins, S.; Masden, E.; Collu, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Seabird Population Trends and Causes of Change: 1986-2018 Report Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Report Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Comparing acoustic and radar deterrence methods as mitigation measures to reduce human-bat impacts and conservation conflicts Gilmour, L. ; Holderied, M. ; Pickering , S. ; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Avoidance, Collision Bats
Artificial reef design affects benthic secondary productivity and provision of functional habitat Rouse, S.; Porter, J.; Wilding, T. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates
Estimates of aerial vertebrate mortality at wind farms in a bird migration corridor and bat diversity hotspot Cabrera-Cruz, S.; Cervantes-Pasqualli, J.; Franquesa-Soler, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Seasonal Difference in Carcass Persistence Rates at Wind Farms with Snow, Hokkaido, Japan Kitano, M.; Ino, M.; Smallwood, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Avian vulnerability to wind farm collision through the year: insights from Lesser Black-backed Gulls (Larus fuscus) tracked from multiple breeding colonies Thaxter, C.; Ross-Smith, V.; Bouten, W.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Avoidance, Collision Birds, Seabirds
Benthic Conservation Features and Species Associated With Subsea Pipelines: Considerations for Decommissioning Rouse, S.; Lacey, N.; Hayes, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Wind Farm Effects on Migratory Flight of Swans and Foraging Distribution at Their Stopover Site Moriguchi, S.; Mukai, H.; Komachi, R.; et al. Book Chapter Land-Based Wind Avoidance Shorebirds
Estimating Potential Costs of Cumulative Barrier Effects on Migrating Raptors: A Case Study Using Global Positioning System Tracking in Japan Kikuchi, D.; Nakahara, T.; Kitamura, W.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Birds, Raptors
Estimating Potential Costs of Cumulative Barrier Effects on Migrating Raptors: A Case Study Using Global Positioning System Tracking in Japan Kikuchi, D.; Nakahara, T.; Kitamura, W.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy Avoidance Raptors, Birds
Moray Firth River Shin Missing Salmon Project Kyle of Sutherland Fisheries; Scottish Centre for Ecology and the Natural Environment; University of Glasgow; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance Fish
Moray Firth River Spey Missing Salmon Project Spey Fishery Board; Scottish Centre for Ecology and the Natural Environment; University of Glasgow; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance Fish
Moray Firth River Conon Missing Salmon Project Cromarty Firth Fishery Board; Scottish Centre for Ecology and the Natural Environment; University of Glasgow; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance Fish
Moray Firth River Deveron Missing Salmon Project The Deveron, Bogie and Isla Rivers Charitable Trust; Scottish Centre for Ecology and the Natural Environment; University of Glasgow; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance Fish
Moray Firth River Ness Missing Salmon Project Ness District Salmon Fishery Board; Scottish Centre for Ecology and the Natural Environment; University of Glasgow; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance Fish
Moray Firth River Oykel Missing Salmon Project Kyle of Sutherland Fisheries; Scottish Centre for Ecology and the Natural Environment; University of Glasgow; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance Fish

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