The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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Risk Assessment to Model Encounter Rates between Large Whales and Sea Turtles and Vessel Traffic from Offshore Wind Energy on the Atlantic OCS | Barkaszi, M.; Fonseca, M.; Foster, T.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Human Dimensions, Navigation | |
Sustainable Decommissioning: Wind Turbine Blade Recycling | Bennet, L. | Report | Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Climate Change | ||
Field Observations During Offshore Wind Structure Installation and Operation (Maryland Offshore Wind and Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind) | Amaral, J.; Ampela, K.; Frankel, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Revolution Wind COP Appendix Z1: Assessment of Impacts to Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles, and ESA-Listed Fish Species | CSA Ocean Sciences Inc | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
MOTION OF THE CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION FOR APPROVAL OF THE ELECTRIC PROGRAM INVESTMENT CHARGE INTERIM INVESTMENT PLAN 2021 | California Energy Commission | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
South Fork Wind Farm COP Appendix P1: Assessment of Impacts to Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles, and Sturgeon | CSA Ocean Sciences Inc | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
Biological Environmental Background Report for the Gulf of Mexico OCS Region | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Wind Energy | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
Ongoing Study Plan: Development of Computer Simulations to Assess Entanglement Risk to Whales and Leatherback Sea Turtles in Offshore Floating Wind Turbine Moorings, Cables, and Associated Derelict Fishing Gear Offshore California | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Entanglement | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles | |
South Fork Wind Farm and South Fork Export Cable Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Wind Energy | EMF | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Terrestrial Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
OSPAR inventory of measures to mitigate the emission and environmental impact of underwater noise | Merck, T.; Werner, S.; Koschinski, S.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Final Report for New York Bight Whale Monitoring Passive Acoustic Surveys: October 2017 - October 2020 | Estabrook, B.; Hodge, K.; Salisbury, D.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy: Spatial and Temporal Marine Wildlife Distributions in the New York Offshore Planning Area, Summer 2016–Spring 2019 | Pembroke, A.; Robinson Willmott, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy: Spatial and Temporal Marine Wildlife Distributions in the New York Offshore Planning Area, Summer 2016–Spring 2019 | Pembroke, A.; Robinson Willmott, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy: Spatial and Temporal Marine Wildlife Distributions in the New York Offshore Planning Area, Summer 2016–Spring 2019 | Pembroke, A.; Robinson Willmott, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
Orkney Islands Marine Region: State of the Environment Assessment | Orkney Islands Council | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
Protected Species Observer Technical Report for the Ørsted New England IHA, BOEM Lease Areas OCS-A 0486, OCS-A 0487, and OCS-A 0500; 2019–2020 | Smultea, M.; Haase, P.; Hartin, K.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
Wind Energy Technologies Office Multi-Year Program Plan Fiscal Years 2021—2025 | Marlay, R.; Ahlgrimm, J.; Clapper, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement | |
Could federal wind farms influence continental shelf oceanography and alter associated ecological processes? A literature review. | Miles, T.; Murphy, S.; Kohut, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment | |
Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind Noise monitoring during monopile installation A01 and A02 | WaterProof Marine Consultancy & Services BV.; Dominion Energy | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Benthic and Epifaunal Monitoring During Wind Turbine Installation and Operation at the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island - Project Report | Hutchison, Z.; Bartley, M.; English, P.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Biological Opinion for Vineyard Wind's Offshore Wind Energy Project | National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles | ||
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Sixth Interim Report | Normandeau Associates Inc | Report | Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Existing Conditions and Potential Environmental Effects | HT Harvey and Associates | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals, Terrestrial Mammals | |
Suivi acoustique passif du bruit ambiant et des mammifères marins dans le cadre du parc éolien en mer de Saint-Nazaire | Chompret, J.; Clorennec, D.; Folegot, T. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Comparison of Environmental Effects from Different Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations | Horwath, S.; Hassrick, J.; Grismala, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Fifth Interim Report | Normandeau Associates Inc | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
Regional baselines for marine mammal knowledge across the North Sea and Atlantic areas of Scottish waters | Hague, E.; Sinclair, R.; Sparling, C. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds | ||
Review Of Demographic Parameters And Sensitivity Analysis To Inform Inputs And Outputs Of Population Consequences Of Disturbance Assessments For Marine Mammals | Sinclair, R.; Sparling, C.; Harwood, J. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds | ||
SAINT-NAZAIRE Bilan environnemental annuel 2020 | Parc eolien en mer de St Nazaire | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals | ||
Summary of Discussions from the Marine Mammal Specialist Committee of the Environmental Technical Working Group (E-TWG) | New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Navigation | |
Summary of Discussions from Specialist Committees of the Environmental Technical Working Group (E-TWG) on the Topic of Regional Research and Monitoring | New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals | ||
National Environmental Policy Act Documentation for Impact-Producing Factors in the Offshore Wind Cumulative Impacts Scenario on the South Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Fisheries, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Winter 2018-2019 Taxonomic Analysis Summary Report | Normandeau Associates Inc | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
Strategic Plan to Protect California’s Coast and Ocean 2020–2025 | Crowfoot, W.; Blumenfeld, J.; Yee, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Fish, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
Options for biodiversity enhancement in offshore wind farms | Bureau Waardenburg bv | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions | |
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Empirical Evidence Inspiring Priority Monitoring, Research and Management | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment | |
Project Environmental Monitoring Plan: Kincardine Offshore Windfarm Project | Kincardine Offshore Wind Ltd | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals | ||
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Second Annual Report Fourth Interim Report | Normandeau Associates Inc | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
The Dynamic Ocean: Offshore Wind Energy and Other Activities in the New York Bight | New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Navigation | |
Synopsis of Research Programs that can Provide Baseline and Monitoring Information for Offshore Energy Activities in the Pacific Region: Seabird and Marine Mammal Surveys in the Pacific Region | Adams, J.; Lafferty, K.; Kelsey, E.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy | Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
PHAROS4MPAs: A Review of Solutions to Avoid and Mitigate Environmental Impacts of Offshore Windfarms | Defingou, M.; Bils, F.; Horchler, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Effects of noise-mitigated offshore pile driving on harbour porpoise abundance in the German Bight 2014-2016 (Gescha 2) | Rose, A.; Brandt, M.; Vilela, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
South Fork Wind Farm COP Appendix P2: Animal Exposure Modelling | Denes, S.; Weirathmueller, M.; Zeddies, D. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | |
Net Zero - The UK's Contribution to Stopping Global Warming: Committee on Climate Change Report | Smart, G. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Social & Economic Data | ||
Underwater Acoustic Monitoring Data Analyses for the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island | HDR | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Safeguarding Marine Protected Areas in the Growing Mediterranean Blue Economy: Recommendations for the Offshore Wind Energy Sector | WWF France | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Lighting, Noise | Birds, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
A Framework for Studying the Effects of Offshore Wind Development on Marine Mammals and Turtles | Kraus, S.; Kenney, R.; Thomas, L. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Reptiles | ||
Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Taking Marine Mammals Incidental to Construction of the Vineyard Wind Offshore Wind Project | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
Best Management Practices for North Atlantic Right Whales During Offshore Wind Energy Construction and Operations Along the U.S. East Coast | Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | ||
Ornithological and Marine Fauna Aerial Survey Results, Annex 1: Summer 2016 to Spring 2017 | Jervis, L.; Warford, S.; Goulding, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles |
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