The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title Sort descending | Author | Date | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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National Environmental Policy Act Documentation for Impact-Producing Factors in the Offshore Wind Cumulative Impacts Scenario on the South Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Fisheries, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
A Framework for Regulating Underwater Noise During Pile Driving | Andersson, M.; Andersson, S.; Ahlsén, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals | |
A Parametric Analysis and Sensitivity Study of the Acoustic Propagation for Renewable Energy | Heaney, K.; Ainslie, M.; Halvorsen, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy | Noise | Fish | |
A review of crustacean sensitivity to high amplitude underwater noise: Data needs for effective risk assessment in relation to UK commercial species | Edmonds, N.; Firmin, C.; Goldsmith, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
A synthesis review of nature positive approaches and coexistence in the offshore wind industry | Pardo, J.; Aune, M.; Harman, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Acoustic Impacts of Offshore Wind Energy on Fishery Resources: An Evolving Source and Varied Effects Across a Wind Farm’s Lifetime | Mooney, T.; Andersson, M.; Stanley, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
An Analysis of the Efficacy of Four Artificial Reef Designs in Tropical Waters | Brock, R.; Norris, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates | |
An echosounder view on the potential effects of impulsive noise pollution on pelagic fish around windfarms in the North Sea | Kok, A.; Bruil, L.; Berges, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Noise | Fish, Pelagic Fish | |
An indicator for assessing the status of marine-bird habitats affected by multiple human activities: A novel statistical approach | Mercker, M.; Dierschke, V.; Camphuysen, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
An overview of fish bioacoustics and the impacts of anthropogenic sounds on fishes | Popper, A.; Hawkins, A. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish | |
Anthropogenic Sound and Fishes | Popper, A.; Hawkins, A.; Halvorsen, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish | |
Artificial hard-substrate colonisation in the offshore Hywind Scotland Pilot Park | Karlsson, R.; Tivefälth, M.; Duranović, I.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates | |
Artificial Reef Effect in Relation to Offshore Renewable Energy Conversion: State of the Art | Langhamer, O. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Physical Environment | |
Assessing differences in acoustic characteristics from impact and vibratory pile installation and their potential effects on the large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) | Niu, F.; Xie, J.; Zhang, X.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Noise | Fish, Pelagic Fish, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Assessing environmental impacts of offshore wind farms: lessons learned and recommendations for the future | Rahman, F.; Kumar, P. | Conference Paper | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Chemicals, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment | |
Assessing Potential Impacts of Offshore Wind Facilities on Regional Sea Scallop Laval and Early Juvenile Transports | Chen, C.; Zhao, L.; He, P.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates | |
Assessing the Environmental Impact of Underwater Noise During Offshore Windfarm Construction and Operation | Nedwell, J.; Mason, T.; Barham, R.; et al. | Conference Paper | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Assessing the influence of offshore wind turbine noise on seasonal fish chorusing | Siddagangaiah, S.; Chen, C-F.; Hu, W-C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish | |
Assessment of Sub-Sea Acoustic Noise and Vibration from Offshore Wind Turbines and its Impact on Marine Wildlife; Initial Measurements of Underwater Noise during Construction of Offshore Windfarms, and Comparison with Background Noise | Nedwell, J.; Langworthy, J.; Howell, D. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Assessment Of The Effects Of Noise And Vibration From Offshore Wind Farms On Marine Wildlife | Vella, G.; Rushforth, I.; Mason, E.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae are attracted by low-frequency noise simulating that of operating offshore wind farms | Cresci, A.; Zhang, G.; Durif, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Noise | Fish, Pelagic Fish | |
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind COP Appendix II-J: Essential Fish Habitat Assessment | Environmental Design & Research, Landscape Architecture, Engineering, & Environmental Services, D.P.C. (EDR) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish | |
Baseline Bioacoustic Characterization for Offshore Renewable Energy Development in the North Carolina and Georgia Wind Planning Areas | Rice, A.; Morano, J.; Hodge, K.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Beatrice Environmental Impact Assessment Report (Consultation Version) | Repsol; Genesis Oil and Gas Consultants Ltd | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions | |
Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Statement – Non-Technical Summary | Arcus Consultancy Services | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Behavioral effects of sound sources from offshore renewable energy construction on the black sea bass (Centropristis striata) and longfin squid (Doryteuthis pealeii) | Stanley, J.; Caiger, P.; Jones, I.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish | |
Belwind Environmental Impact Study: Non-Technical Summary | De Sutter, R.; Volckaet, A. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries | |
Beneath the blades: Marine wind farms support parts of local biodiversity - a systematic review | Knorrn, A.; Teder, T.; Kaasik, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates | |
Benthic and Epifaunal Monitoring During Operation at the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island: Technical Report: Year 4 | Erickson, R.; Kelly, C.; Fonseca, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates | |
Benthic and Epifaunal Monitoring During Wind Turbine Installation and Operation at the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island - Project Report | Hutchison, Z.; Bartley, M.; English, P.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Benthic Disturbance from Offshore Wind Foundations, Anchors, and Cables | SEER | Summary | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment | |
Biology and Video Surveys of North Hoyle Wind Turbines 11th-13th August 2004 | Bunker, F. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates, Fish | |
Burbo Offshore Wind Farm Volume 2: ES Biological Environment | The University of Liverpool Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Marine Mammals, Invertebrates, Fish | |
Characterisation of the Potential Impacts of Subsea Power Cables Associated with Offshore Renewable Energy Projects | Taormina, B.; Quillienn, N.; Lejart, M.; et al. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF, Habitat Change | Physical Environment, Fish, Invertebrates | |
Characterization and Potential Impacts of Noise Producing Construction and Operation Activities on the Outer Continental Shelf: Data Synthesis | Martin, B.; Zeddies, D.; MacDonnell, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Navigation | |
Chasing the offshore wind farm wind-wake-induced upwelling/downwelling dipole | Floeter, J.; Pohlmann, T.; Harmer, A; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Cod and Sole Behaviour in an Offshore Wind Farm | Winter, E.; Aarts, G.; van Keeken, O. | Presentation | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
Collaboration for Environmental Mitigation and Nature Inclusive Design (CEMNID) | Xodus Group; The Rich North Sea - De Rijke Noordzee | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Commercial Wind Lease Issuance and Site Assessment Activities on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Offshore Maine | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM); US Department of the Interior (DOI) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment, Water Quality, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Stakeholder Engagement | |
Commercial Wind Lease Issuance on the Pacific Outer Continental Shelf, Offshore Oregon Final Environmental Assessment | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM); US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); US Army Corps of Engineers; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | |
Common Sole Larvae Survive High Levels of Pile-Driving Sound in Controlled Exposure Experiments | Bolle, L.; de Jong, C.; Bierman, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
Comparing Atlantic Cod Temporal Spawning Dynamics across a Biogeographic Boundary: Insights from Passive Acoustic Monitoring | Van Hoeck, R.; Rowell, T.; Dean, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement, Noise | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
Comparison of Environmental Effects from Different Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations | Horwath, S.; Hassrick, J.; Grismala, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Comparison of Environmental Effects from Different Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations (2021 Revision) | Horwath, S.; Hassrick, J.; Grismala, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Considerations for Offshore Wind Energy Development Effects on Fish and Fisheries in the United States: A Review of Existing Studies, New Efforts, and Opportunities for Innovation | Perry, R.; Heyman, W. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Cumulative Noise Impacts Upon Fishes (and Turtles) from Offshore Wind Farm Construction and Operation | Popper, A.; Hawkins, A. | Presentation | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Deepwater Wind Block Island Environmental Assessment and Statement of Findings | US Army Corps of Engineers | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Displacement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Development of a Video Trawl Survey System for New England Groundfish | DeCelles, G.; Keiley, E.; Lowery, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Visual Impacts | |
Development of Spatial Information Layers for Commercial Fishing and Shellfishing in UK Waters to Support Strategic Siting of Offshore Windfarms | Dunstone, D. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Development of the Fouling Community on Turbine Foundations and Scour Protections in Nysted Offshore Wind Farm | Birklund, J.; Petersen, A. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates |
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