Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

As an alternative to the Knowledge Base, check out the Map Viewer to access geotagged content in a spatial view.

Enter terms to search for in all text fields
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Potential Effects of Offshore Wind Farm Noise on Fish Thomsen, F.; Judd, A.; Lüdemann, K.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish
Offshore Windmills and the Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Fish Öhman, M.; Sigray, P.; Westerberg, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF Fish
Perception of Low-Frequency Acoustic Signals by a Harbour Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in the Presence of Simulated Offshore Wind Turbine Noise Lucke, K.; Lepper, P.; Hoeve, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Environmental Effects of U.S. Offshore Wind Energy Development: Compilation of Educational Research Briefs SEER Summary Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Reptiles
Electromagnetic Field Effects on Marine Life SEER Summary Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind EMF Fish, Invertebrates
Underwater Noise Effects on Marine Life Associated with Offshore Wind Farms SEER Summary Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Measurement and Interpretation of Underwater Noise During Construction and Operation of Offshore Windfarms in UK Waters Nedwell, J.; Parvin, S.; Edwards, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
Dominant Frequency Extraction for Operational Underwater Sound of Offshore Wind Turbines Using Adaptive Stochastic Resonance Wang, R.; Xu, X.; Zou, Z.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Physical Environment
Perception of Low-Frequency Acoustic Signals by a Harbour Propoise (Phocoena phocoena) in the Presence of Simulated Offshore Wind Turbine Noise Lucke, K.; Lepper, P.; Hoeve, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
International assessment of priority environmental issues for land-based and offshore wind energy development Green, R.; Gill, E.; Hein, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
A review to inform the assessment of the risk of collision and displacement in petrels and shearwaters from offshore wind developments in Scotland Deakin, Z.; Cook, A.; Daunt, F.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Fish
Kurtosis analysis of sounds from down-the-hole pile installation and the implications for marine mammal auditory impairment Guan, S.; Brookens, T.; Miner, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Ecosystem Benefits of Floating Offshore Wind Haberlin, D.; Cohuo, A.; Doyle, T. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Offshore Wind Energy Permitting Processes in the European Union: An examination of Danish, German, Scottish and Swedish offshore permitting processes and case study of acoustic impact on marine mammals Jack, T. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Categorizing Active Marine Acoustic Sources Based on Their Potential to Affect Marine Animals Ruppel, C.; Weber, T.; Staaterman, E.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Unstated impacts of the green energy industry on the habitat of a coastal delphinid: Turbid-turbulent wakes induced by offshore wind turbine foundations Huang, S-L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Noise Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment
Swimming Behavior of Roach (Rutilus rutilus) and Three-spined Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) in Response to Wind Power Noise and Single-tone Frequencies Andersson, M.; Dock-Åkerman, E.; Ubral-Hedenberg, O.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish
Wind energy in the city: Hong Kong’s offshore wind energy generation potential, deployment plans, and ecological pitfalls Delina, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Chemicals, Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Human Dimensions, Climate Change
Reviewing the ecological impacts of offshore wind farms Galparsoro, I.; Menchaca, I.; Garmendia, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates
Environmental Impact Assessment and Life Cycle Assessment for a Deep Water Floating Offshore Wind Turbine on the Brazilian Continental Shelf de Paula, L.; Carmo, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Life Cycle Assessment
Environmental Compatibility of the Parc Tramuntana Offshore Wind Project in Relation to Marine Ecosystems Diez-Caballero, K.; Troiteiro, S.; Garcia-Alba, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality
Magnetic fields generated by the DC cables of offshore wind farms have no effect on spatial distribution or swimming behavior of lesser sandeel larvae (Ammodytes marinus) Cresci, A.; Perrichon, P.; Durif, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF Fish, Pelagic Fish
Recommended metrics for quantifying underwater noise impacts on North Atlantic right whales Marotte, E.; Wright, A.; Breeze, H.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Effects of pile driving sound on local movement of free-ranging Atlantic cod in the Belgian North Sea Auteurs van der Knaap, I.; Slabbekoorn, H.; Moens, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Fish
A risk-based method to prioritize cumulative impacts assessment on marine biodiversity and research policy for offshore wind farms in France Brignon, J.; Lejart, M.; Nexer, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
A bibliometric review on the implications of renewable offshore marine energy development on marine species Kulkarni, S.; Edwards, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
Application of underwater passive acoustic measurements of ocean sound in precipitation estimation Anagnostou, M.; Anagnostou, E.; Nystuen, J.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Insights into the behavioural responses of juvenile thornback ray Raja clavata to alternating and direct current magnetic fields Albert, L.; Olivier, F.; Jolivet, A.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF Fish, Demersal Fish
Offshore wind energy development: Research priorities for sound and vibration effects on fishes and aquatic invertebrates Popper, A.; Hice-Dunton, L.; Jenkins, E.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Invertebrates
Sound and Cetaceans: A Regional Response to Regulating Acoustic Marine Pollution Scott, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Literature Review on Barrier Effects, Ghost Fishing, and Electromagnetic Fields for Floating Windfarms Williamson, L. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Displacement, EMF, Entanglement Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
PARC EOLIEN EN MER DE SAINTNAZAIRE: Phase Construction – Rapport opérationnel Bellanger, J.; Clorennec, D.; Billand, P.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Hywind Scotland Floating Offshore Wind Farm: Sound Source Characterisation of Operational Floating Turbines Burns, R.; Martin, S.; Wood, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Measurement and Modelling of Underwater Acoustic Noise induced by Offshore Wind Turbines under the Effects of Varying Oceanic and Sea-State Conditions Konow, T. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
Glider study at Hywind Scotland Ramasco, V. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Wind energy and its link to sustainability in developing countries Kabir, M.; Sree, N.; Khatod, K.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Visual Impacts
How can the impacts of an operating wind farm on marine mammals be assessed? Couturier, L.; Curé, C.; Labach, H.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Marine Mammals
Sunrise Wind COP Appendix O3: Sea Turtle and ESA-listed Fish Protected Species Mitigation and Monitoring Plan LGL Ecological Research Associates, Inc. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Sunrise Wind COP Appendix O2: Marine Mammal Protected Species Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Sunrise Wind Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
DRAFT Ocean Wind 1 Offshore Wind Farm Biological Assessment BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Evaluation of a coastal acoustic buoy for cetacean detections, bearing accuracy and exclusion zone monitoring Palmer, K. ; Tabbutt, S.; Gillespie, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Behavioral Responses of a Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) Depend on the Frequency Content of Pile-Driving Sounds Kastelein, R.; Jong, C.; Tougaard, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Passive acoustic monitoring during the construction of the Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind project Lin, T.; Newhall, A.; Miller, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Getting ready for offshore wind farm expansion in the North Sea Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Assessment of the Potential for Acoustic Deterrents to Mitigate the Impact on Marine Mammals of Underwater Noise Arising from the Construction of Offshore Windfarms Gordon, J.; Thompson, D.; Gillespie, D.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Maryland Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan: Appendix II H1 - Underwater Acoustic Assessment Marine Acoustics, Inc. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Behavioural Reactions of Cod (Gadus morhua) and Plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) to Sound Resembling Offshore Wind Turbine Noise Mueller, C. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Demersal Fish
South Fork Wind: Conditions of Construction and Operations Plan Approval Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Collision Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals
Floating Offshore Wind: Environmental Interactions Roadmap: Public Summary Report ORE Catapult; Xodus Group Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Navigation
Powering Healthy Seas: Accelerating Nature Positive Offshore Wind Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning

Displaying 1 - 50 of 56