The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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Appendix III-M Supplemental Information for the Assessment of Potential Impacts to Marine Mammals and Sea Turtles During Construction, Operation, and Decommissioning of the Vineyard Wind Project | Pyć, C.; Zeddies, D.; Denes, S.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Geological and Geophysical (G&G) Surveys Fact Sheet | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | |
Determining Habitat Use by Marine Mammals and Ambient Noise Levels Using Passive Acoustic Monitoring Offshore of Maryland | Bailey, H.; Rice, A.; Wingfield, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Documenting fish response to seismic surveying and establishing a baseline soundscape for reefs in Onslow Bay, North Carolina | Paxton, A.; Voss, C.; Peterson, C.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates | |
A critical period of susceptibility to sound in the sensory cells of cephalopod hatchlings. | Solé, M.; Lenoir, M.; Fortuno, J-M.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Noise | Invertebrates | |
Underwater noise levels of pile-driving in a New Zealand harbour, and the potential impacts on endangered Hector's dolphins | Leunissen, E.; Dawson, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Effects of larger turbines for the offshore wind farm at Krieger's Flak, Sweden. Assessment of impact on marine mammals | Tougaard, J.; Mikaelsen, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds | |
Effective Offshore Piling Noise Mitigation in Deep Waters | Elmer, K. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Understanding Marine Mammal Presence in the Virginia Offshore Wind Energy Area | Salisbury, D.; Estabrook, B.; Klinck, H.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Predicting the impacts of anthropogenic disturbances on marine populations | Nabe-Nielsen, J.; van Beest, F.; Grimm, V.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Validating automated click detector dolphin detection rates and investigating factors affecting performance | Garrod, A.; Fandel, A.; Wingfield, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Effects of Noise on Marine Mammals | Erbe, C.; Dunlop, R.; Dolman, S. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Environmental Sensitivity and Associated Risk to Habitats and Species Offshore Central California and Hawaii from Offshore Floating Wind Technologies | Morandi, A.; Berkman, S.; Rowe, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Effect of pile-driving sounds on harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) hearing | Kastelein, R.; Helder-Hoek, L.; Kommeren, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds | |
Passive Acoustics Survey of Cetacean Abundance Levels (PASCAL-2016) Final Report | Keating, J.; Barlow, J.; Griffiths, E.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Disturbance of harbour porpoises during construction of the first seven offshore wind farms in Germany | Brandt, M.; Dragon, A.; Diederichs, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Marine Noise Budgets in Practice | Merchant, N.; Faulkner, R.; Martinez, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Field Observations During Wind Turbine Foundation Installation at the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island Appendix D: Underwater Sound Monitoring Reports | Amaral, J.; Beard, R.; Barham, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Guiding principles for assessing the impact of underwater noise | Faulkner, R.; Farcas, A.; Merchant, N. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Summary Report: Best Management Practices Workshop for Atlantic Offshore Wind Facilities and Marine Protected Species | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
High rates of vessel noise disrupt foraging in wild harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) | Wisniewska, D.; Johnson, M.; Teilmann, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Functional and structural responses to marine urbanisation | Mayer-Pinto, M.; Cole, V.; Johnston, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy | Avoidance, Attraction | Invertebrates | |
Swimming Speed of a Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) During Playbacks of Offshore Pile Driving Sounds | Kastelein, R.; Van de Voorde, S.; Jennings, N. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Assessing and Managing Effect Spheres of Influence | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment | |
Block Island Wind Farm Lobster Ventless Trap Survey | Griffin, M.; Carey, D. | Presentation | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates | |
Evidence of Cnidarians sensitivity to sound after exposure to low frequency noise underwater sources | Solé, M.; Lenoir, M.; Fortuno, J-M.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Noise | Invertebrates | |
Sonar for environmental monitoring of marine renewable energy technologies | Francisco, F. | Thesis | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions | |
Avoidance of Wind Farms by Harbour Seals is Limited to Pile Driving Activities | Russell, D.; Hastie, G.; Thompson, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds | |
The most Important Environmental Project in a German Offshore Wind Farm: Accompanying Ecological Research on the Offshore Test Field Project Alpha Ventus | Beiersdorf, A.; Boethling, M.; Binder, A.; et al. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Noise | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Much Hubble-Bubble About Nothing? Research into the Little Bubble Curtain Method of Noise Reduction | Rolfes, R.; Rustemeier, J.; Grießmann, T. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Like the Din in a University Canteen The Underwater Operating Noise and its Effects on Porpoises and Friend | Benesch, M.; Radecke, H. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds | |
Measurement and characterisation of radiated underwater sound from a 3.6 MW monopile wind turbine | Pangerc, T.; Theobald, P.; Wang, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds | |
Joint Statutory Nature Conservation Bodies Position Statement: ORJIP Project 4, Stage 1 of Phase 2 | Statutory Nature Conservation Bodies (SNCB) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise, Attraction | Marine Mammals | |
Studying cetacean behaviour: new technological approaches and conservation applications | Nowacek, D.; Christiansen, F.; Bejder, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Assessing The Benefit Of Noise Reduction Measures During Offshore Wind Farm Construction On Harbour Porpoises | Verfuss, U.; Plunkett, R.; Booth, C.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
A review of crustacean sensitivity to high amplitude underwater noise: Data needs for effective risk assessment in relation to UK commercial species | Edmonds, N.; Firmin, C.; Goldsmith, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Rampion Windfarm: Simultaneous piling assessment | HR Wallingford Ltd | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Effects of Offshore Pile Driving on Harbour Porpoise Abundance in the German Bight: Assessment of Noise Effects | Brandt, M.; Dragon, A.; Diederichs, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Geo-Spatial Tool for the Assessment Offshore Pile Driving Noise Effects on Marine Mammals | Daoud, W.; Kasama, K.; Saleh, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Technological solutions to reduce the environmental impacts of wind-energy systems | Megavind | Report | Wind Energy | Collision, Displacement, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | |
Guidelines For Environmental Impact Studies On Marine Biodiversity For Offshore Windfarm Projects In The Baltic Sea Region | Baltic Environmental Forum – Latvia | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Noise | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Potential Impact of Submarine Power Cables on Crab Harvest | Bull, A.; Nishimoto, M. | Conference Paper | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, EMF | Invertebrates | |
Multiple-Pulse Sounds and Seals: Results of a Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina) Telemetry Study During Wind Farm Construction | Hastie, G.; Russell, B.; McConnell, B.; et al. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Environmental impacts of offshore wind farms in the Belgian part of the North Sea: Environmental impact monitoring reloaded | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Impact Assessment of Offshore Pile Driving Noise on Red Sea Marine Mammals | Dawoud, W.; Negm, A.; Saleh, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Noise | Marine Mammals |
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