The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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Consequences of a Cumulative Perspective on Marine Environmental Impacts: Offshore Wind Farming and Seabirds at North Sea Scale in Context of the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive | Busch, M.; Kannen, A.; Garthe, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Physical Environment | ||
Artificial Reef Effect in Relation to Offshore Renewable Energy Conversion: State of the Art | Langhamer, O. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Physical Environment | |
Identifying ecologically important marine areas for seabirds using behavioural information in combination with distribution patterns | Camphuysen, K.; Shamoun-Baranes, J.; Bouten, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy | Seabirds, Birds | ||
Tracking seabirds to identify ecologically important and high risk marine areas in the western North Atlantic | Montevecchi, W.; Hedd, A.; Tranquilla, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy | Seabirds, Birds | ||
Assessing the Life Cycle Environmental Impacts of Wind Power: A Review of Present Knowledge and Research Needs | Arvesen, A.; Hertwich, E. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Life Cycle Assessment | ||
Radar Monitoring of Migrating Pink-Footed Geese: Behavioural Responses to Offshore Wind Farm Development | Plonczkier, P.; Simms, I. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Avoidance | Birds | |
Aerial Survey of Seabirds: The Advent of Digital Methods | Buckland, S.; Burt, M.; Rexstad, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds | ||
Short- and Long-Term Effects of an Offshore Wind Farm on Three Species of Sandeel and their Sand Habitat | van Deurs, M.; Grome, T.; Kaspersen, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
Using a Shore Bird (Red Knot) Fitted with Geolocators to Evaluate a Conceptual Risk Model Focusing on Offshore Wind | Burger, J.; Niles, L.; Porter, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Shorebirds, Birds | |
Recovery of Barotrauma Injuries in Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha from Exposure to Pile Driving Sound | Casper, B.; Popper, A.; Matthews, F.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Pelagic Fish | |
Threshold for Onset of Injury in Chinook Salmon from Exposure to Impulsive Pile Driving Sounds | Halvorsen, M.; Casper, B.; Woodley, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Pelagic Fish | |
Assessing the Impact of Marine Wind Farms on Birds through Movement Modelling | Masden, E.; Reeve, R.; Desholm, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds | |
Common Sole Larvae Survive High Levels of Pile-Driving Sound in Controlled Exposure Experiments | Bolle, L.; de Jong, C.; Bierman, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
The Development and Use of a Method to Fill Time Gaps in Migration Counts | Mateos-Rodriguez, M.; Thomas, L.; Arroyo, G. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Flight Call Rates of Migrating Thrushes: Effects of Wind Conditions, Humidity and Time of Day at an Illuminated Offshore Platform | Hüppop, O.; Hilgerloh, G. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Attraction | Passerines, Birds | |
Integrated Modelling Tools to Support Risk-Based Decision-Making in Marine Spatial Management | Stelzenmüller, V.; Schulze, T.; Fock, H.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Demersal Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Spatial Factors Affecting Statistical Power in Testing Marine Fauna Displacement | Lapeña, B.; Wijnberg, K.; Stein, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Displacement | Birds | |
Effects of the Construction of Scroby Sands Offshore Wind Farm on the Prey Base of Little Tern Sternula albifons at its Most Important UK Colony | Perrow, M.; Gilroy, J.; Skeate, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish | |
Particle Motion Measured at an Operational Wind Turbine in Relation to Hearing Sensitivity in Fish | Sigray, P.; Andersson, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
Life Cycle Assessment of the Offshore Wind Farm Alpha Ventus | Wagner, H.; Baack, C.; Eickelkamp, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment | ||
Visual Tracking From a Rigid-Hulled Inflatable Boat to Determine Foraging Movements of Breeding Terns | Perrow, M.; Gilroy, J.; Skeate, E. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Seabirds, Birds | |
Aggregation and Feeding Behaviour of Pouting (Trisopterus luscus) at Wind Turbines in the Belgian Part of the North Sea | Reubens, J.; Degraer, S.; Vincx, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
The UK Offshore Wind Power Programme: A Sea-Change in UK Energy Policy? | Toke, D. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Risk Evaluation for Federally Listed (Roseate Tern, Piping Plover) or Candidate (Red Knot) Bird Species in Offshore Waters: A First Step for Managing the Potential Impacts of Wind Facility Development on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf | Burger, J.; Gordon, C.; Lawrence, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Shorebirds, Seabirds, Physical Environment, Birds | ||
The Cape Wind Offshore Wind Energy Project: A Case Study of the Difficult Transition to Renewable Energy | Kimmell, K.; Stalenhoef, D. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Minimizing Collision Risk Between Migrating Raptors and Marine Wind Farms: Development of a Spatial Planning Tool | Baisner, A.; Andersen, J.; Findsen, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Ocean Management & Planning in the United States: From Competition to Cooperation | Heimes, R. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Forecasting the consequences of climate-driven shifts in human behavior on cetaceans | Alter, S.; Simmonds, M.; Brandon, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change | Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Fisheries | |
Environmental Impact Assessment of Offshore Wind Farms: A Simulation-Based Approach | Lapeña, B.; Wijnberg, K.; Hulscher, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds | ||
The Legal Framework for Offshore Wind Farms: A Critical Analysis of the Consents Process | Gibson, E.; Howsamn, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Social & Economic Data, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions | ||
Barriers to Movement: Modelling Energetic Costs of Avoiding Marine Wind Farms Amongst Breeding Seabirds | Masden, E.; Haydon, D.; Fox, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance | Birds, Seabirds | |
Fish And Sessile Assemblages Associated With Wind-turbine Constructions In The Baltic Sea | Andersson, M.; Öhman, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates | |
Ocean Planning and the Gulf of Maine: Exploring Bi-National Policy Options | Fanning, L.; Heimes, R. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Offshore Wind Power Policy and Planning in Sweden | Söderholm, P.; Pettersson, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions | ||
Risk Formulation For The Sonic Effects Of Offshore Wind Farms On Fish In The EU Region | Kikuchi, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish | |
Cumulative Impact Assessments and Bird/Wind Farm Interactions: Developing a Conceptual Framework | Masden, E.; Fox, A.; Furness, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Physical Environment | ||
Comparative life-cycle assessment of a small wind turbine for residential off-grid use | Fleck, B.; Huot, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment | ||
Challenges and Solutions of Remote Sensing at Offshore Wind Energy Developments | Kelly, T.; West, T.; Davenport, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds | ||
Environmental Assessment of Offshore Wind Power Generation near Rhode Island: Acoustic and Electromagnetic Effects on Marine Animals | Miller, J.; Potty, G.; Raposa, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF, Noise | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
A Comparison of Offshore Wind Power Development in Europe and the US: Patterns and Drivers of Development | Snyder, B.; Kaiser, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Influence of Behavior on Bird Mortality in Wind Energy Developments | Smallwood, K.; Rugge, L.; Morrison, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Waterfowl | |
Integrated Assessment of Coastal and Marine Changes Using the Example of Offshore Wind Farms: the Coastal Futures Approach | Kannen, A.; Burkhard, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions | ||
Contextualizing Avian Mortality: A Preliminary Appraisal of Bird and Bat Fatalities from Wind, Fossil-Fuel, and Nuclear Electricity | Sovacool, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Bats, Birds | |
Avian Sensitivity to Mortality: Prioritising Migratory Bird Species for Assessment at Proposed Wind Farms | Desholm, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Assessment of Wind‐Farm and Other Bird Casualties from Carcasses Found on a Northumbrian Beach Over an 11‐Year Period | Newton, I.; Little, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Seabirds, Birds | |
Observations of Seabirds at Offshore Wind Turbines near Blyth in Northeast England | Rothery, P.; Newton, I.; Little, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Epibenthic colonization of concrete and steel pilings in a cold-temperate embayment: a field experiment | Andersson, M.; Berggren, M.; Wilhelmsson, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates | |
Communication Towers, Lights, and Birds: Successful Methods of Reducing the Frequency of Avian Collisions | Gehring, J.; Kerlinger, P.; Manville, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Lighting | Bats, Birds, Fish | |
The Effects of Human-Generated Sound on Fish | Popper, A.; Hastings, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy | Noise | Fish | |
The Effects Of Anthropogenic Sources Of Sound On Fishes | Popper, A.; Hastings, M. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish |
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