The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Getting ready for offshore wind farm expansion in the North Sea | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Update on the current state of knowledge on the impacts of offshore wind farms on birds in the OSPAR Region: 2019-2022 | Leemans, J.; Collier, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Marine renewable energy technologies on the high seas: challenges and opportunities to strengthen international environmental and renewable energy governance | Soria-Rodríguez, C. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Environmental licensing for offshore wind farms: Guidelines and policy implications for new markets | de Vasconcelos, R.; Silva, L.; Gonzalez, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Considerations on environmental, economic, and energy impacts of wind energy generation: Projections towards sustainability initiatives | Msigwa, G.; Ighalo, J.; Yap, P-S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Changes in Flow, Noise | Birds, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
Proceedings of the 14th Wind-Wildlife Research Meeting | Johnson, K. | Report | Wind Energy | Collision, Displacement | Human Dimensions, Climate Change | |
Offshore Wind Energy Permitting Processes in the European Union: An examination of Danish, German, Scottish and Swedish offshore permitting processes and case study of acoustic impact on marine mammals | Jack, T. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Conflicts between Fisheries and Offshore Wind Power in Taiwan: Legal and Administrative Prospects | Tseng, H.; Kao, S-C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy | ||
Public dialogue as a collaborative planning process for offshore wind energy projects: Implications from a text analysis of a South Korean case | Park, S.; Yun, S.; Cho, K. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
To fly or not to fly? Comparing vantage point and uncrewed aerial vehicle surveys for assessments of seabird abundance and fine-scale distribution | Costagliola-Ray, M.; Lieber, L.; Nimmo-Smith, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Regulatory and Policy Frameworks for Offshore Wind Projects: Spatial and Temporal Considerations in Light of Fisheries Sustainability amid Climate Change | Al Arif, A.; Anchustegui, I. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Fisheries, Legal & Policy | ||
Powering the Blue Economy: An Assessment of Marine Renewable Energies | Guduru, S.; Narula, K. | Book Chapter | Marine Energy, OTEC, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy | ||
Noise pollution from wind turbines and its effects on wildlife: A cross-national analysis of current policies and planning regulations | Teff-Seker, Y.; Berger-Tal, O.; Lehnardt, Y.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Noise | Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Mitigating Negative Impacts of Marine Renewable Energy on Biodiversity: The Role of International Environmental Law | Marauhn, T.; Böhringer, A-M.; Jaś-Nowopolska, M. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
"We could have been leaders": The rise and fall of offshore wind energy on the political agenda in Ireland | Roux, J-P.; Fitch-Roy, O.; Devine-Wright, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Assessment of compensatory measures for impacts of offshore windfarms on seabirds | McGregor, R.; Trinder, M.; Goodship, N. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions | ||
Curtailment as a successful method for reducing bat mortality at a southern Australian wind farm | Bennett, E.; Florent, S.; Venosta, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Wind turbines without curtailment produce large numbers of bat fatalities throughout their lifetime: A call against ignorance and neglect | Voigt, C.; Kaiser, K.; Look, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision | Bats, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Powering Healthy Seas: Accelerating Nature Positive Offshore Wind | Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Quantifying the land-based opportunity carbon costs of onshore wind farms | Albanito, F.; Roberts, S.; Shepherd, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Life Cycle Assessment | |
Mapping the collision risk between two gull species and offshore wind turbines: Modelling and validation | Mikami, K.; Kazama, K.; Kazama, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Reviewing the ecological impacts of offshore wind farms | Galparsoro, I.; Menchaca, I.; Garmendia, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates | |
The Potential Compatibility of Designating Offshore Wind Farms within Wider Marine Protected Areas—Conservation of the Chinese White Dolphin Regarding Fishers’ Perception | Jhan, H-T.; Lee, H-T.; Ting, K-H. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of California Commercial Fisheries from 2005 to 2019 and Potential Overlap with Offshore Wind Energy Development | Wang, Y-H.; Walter, R.; White, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Workshop Summary on Passive Acoustic Monitoring Data Standards and Management | BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs | Workshop Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Noise | Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Global environmental cost of using rare earth elements in green energy technologies | Golroudbary, S.; Makarava, I.; Kraslawski, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Life Cycle Assessment | ||
Environmental Impact Assessment and Life Cycle Assessment for a Deep Water Floating Offshore Wind Turbine on the Brazilian Continental Shelf | de Paula, L.; Carmo, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Life Cycle Assessment | |
Hawkeye State Headwinds: A Case Study of Local Opposition and Siting Challenges for Large Scale Wind Development in Iowa | Kelly, C.; Nelson, S.; Herter, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
End of Life Materials Mapping for Offshore Wind in Scotland | Bennet, L.; Spyroudi, A.; Stevenson, L. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
Offshore Wind Priority Conflict Topics for Marine Mammals and Birds | Courbis, S.; Pacini, A.; Williams, K.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | EMF, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds | |
Vulnerability and spatial competition: The case of fisheries and offshore wind projects | Hélène, B.; Marjolaine, F.; Christelle, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
State-of-the-art review of the flexibility and feasibility of emerging offshore and coastal ocean energy technologies in East and Southeast Asia | Li, M.; Luo, H.; Zhou, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
Development of a Novel Physiology Tag to Measure Oxygen Consumption in Free-Ranging Seabirds | McKnight, C.; Bogdanova, M.; Butler, A.; et al. | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Displacement | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Wind energy in the city: Hong Kong’s offshore wind energy generation potential, deployment plans, and ecological pitfalls | Delina, L. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Chemicals, Collision, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Human Dimensions, Climate Change | |
“After the leases are signed, it's a done deal”: Exploring procedural injustices for utility-scale wind energy planning in the United States | Elmallah, S.; Rand, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
Study to examine the feasibility of extending SeabORD to the entire breeding season | Searle, K.; Jones, E.L.; Bogdanova, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Offshore wind power - the new trend for economic development and security of island sovereignty | Doan, T.; Tran, Q. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy | ||
Seabird Biodiversity and Human Activities | Ramos, J.; Pereira, L. | Book | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Improving Our Understanding of Seabird Behaviour at Sea | Thaxter, C.; Johnston, D.; Clewley, G.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Study to examine the impact of climate change on seabird species off the east coast of Scotland and potential implications for environmental assessments | Searle, K.; Waggitt, J.; Evans, P.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
Feasibility of extending SeabORD to the entire breeding season: study | Searle, K.; Jones, E.; Bogdanova, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds | |
Study to Examine how Seabird Collision Risk, Displacement and Barrier Effects Could be Integrated for Assessment of Offshore Wind Developments | Searle, K.; Butler, A.; Mobbs, D.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds | |
Environmental Impacts of Global Offshore Wind Energy Development until 2040 | Li, C.; Mogollón, J.; Tukker, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
An ecosystem-based natural capital evaluation framework that combines environmental and socio-economic implications of offshore renewable energy developments | Trifonova, N.; Scott, B.; Griffin, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Seabirds and Marine Renewable Energy Sources | Harwood, A.; King, S. | Book Chapter | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Birds, Seabirds | ||
State of Wind Energy in the World: Evolution, Impacts and Perspectives | Haidi, T.; Cheddadi, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Social & Economic Data | ||
Key factors influencing onshore wind energy development: A case study from the German North Sea region | Kiunke, T.; Gemignani, N.; Malheiro, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
Selected Environmental Impact Indicators Assessment of Wind Energy in India Using a Life Cycle Assessment | Verma, S.; Paul, A.; Haque, N. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Life Cycle Assessment | ||
Life cycle assessment of a wind farm in Turkey | Ozsahin, B.; Elginoz, N.; Babuna, F. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Life Cycle Assessment | ||
Flight characteristics forecast entry by eagles into rotor-swept zones of wind turbines | Rolek, B.; Braham, M.; Miller, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy |
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