The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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Setting the Context for Offshore Wind Development Effects on Fish and Fisheries | Gill, A.; Degraer, S.; Lipsky, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement | |
Does galvanic cathodic protection by aluminum anodes impact marine organisms? | Bell, A.; von der Au, M.; Regnery, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Chemicals | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Could federal wind farms influence continental shelf oceanography and alter associated ecological processes? A literature review. | Miles, T.; Murphy, S.; Kohut, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment | |
Beyond static spatial management: Scientific and legal considerations for dynamic management in the high seas | Crespo, G.; Mossop, J.; Dunn, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Recommendations for the quantitative assessment of metal inputs in the marine environment from the galvanic anodes of offshore renewable energy structures | Michelet, N.; Julian, N.; Duarte, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Chemicals | Physical Environment, Water Quality | |
Validation of a Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport Modeling Framework for the Evaluation of Offshore Wind Farms | Jones, C.; Chang, G.; Magalen, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality | |
SEER Factsheet | SEER | Summary | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | |
Sediment Deposition Following Construction of a Breakwater Harbor: Point Judith Harbor of Refuge, Rhode Island, USA | Oakley, B.; Murphy, C.; Lee, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions | ||
Synthesis of the Science Workshop: Day 1 Summary | Consensus Building Institute | Workshop Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Characterization of alloying components in galvanic anodes as potential environmental tracers for heavy metal emissions from offshore wind structures | Reese, A.; Voigt, N.; Zimmermann, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Chemicals | ||
Existing Conditions and Potential Environmental Effects | HT Harvey and Associates | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals, Terrestrial Mammals | |
Comparison of Environmental Effects from Different Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations | Horwath, S.; Hassrick, J.; Grismala, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
PivotBuoy An Advanced System for Cost-effective and Reliable Mooring, Connection, Installation & Operation of Floating Wind D6.2: Update of Reliability, Health & Safety and Environmental Assessment of the PivotBuoy system | Intecsea | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Chemicals | Physical Environment, Water Quality, Human Dimensions | |
Increased Mixing and Turbulence in the Wake of Offshore Wind Farm Foundations | Schultze, L.; Merckelbach, L.; Horstmann, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Local effects of wind turbines on near-surface wind speed in a desert steppe wind farm | Zhou, D.; Hu, S.; Dang, X.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Operational-dependent wind turbine wake impact on surface momentum flux revealed by snow-powered flow imaging | Abraham, A.; Hong, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Ecosystem Processes | |
National Report on Large Whale Entanglements Confirmed in the United States in 2018 | NOAA Fisheries | Report | Entanglement | Marine Mammals | ||
National Environmental Policy Act Documentation for Impact-Producing Factors in the Offshore Wind Cumulative Impacts Scenario on the South Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Fisheries, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
Observations Show That Wind Farms Substantially Modify the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Thermal Stratification Transition in the Early Evening | Rajewski, D.; Takle, E.; VanLoocke, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Investigating the potential impact of wind farms on Lake Erie | Afsharian, S.; Taylor, P.; Momayez, L. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Water Quality | |
Turbulence in the wake of offshore wind farm foundations and its potential effects on mixing of stratified tidal shelf seas | Schultze, L.; Merckelbach, L.; Raasch, S.; et al. | Presentation | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Water Quality | |
Multi-scale Interaction between Wind Turbines and Coastal Processes: coupling OpenFAST with a regional coupled air-sea modeling system | Wang, R.; Miles, T.; Brodie, J. | Presentation | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions | |
“Wind Theft” from Onshore Wind Turbine Arrays: Sensitivity to Wind Farm Parameterization and Resolution | Pryor, S.; Shepherd, T.; Volker, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Can fixed-foundation offshore wind farms generate dangerous waves? | Nexer, M.; Damblans, G.; Duperret, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
The Expected Shoreline Effect of a Marine Energy Farm Operating Close to Sardinia Island | Onea, F.; Rusu, E. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
A Morphodynamic Study of the Irish Sector of the Irish Sea | O'Shea, M.; Guerrini, M.; Murphy, J.; et al. | Conference Paper | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality | |
ScotMER and MREF MASTS Workshop Report | Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland | Workshop Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Displacement, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Impact of substantial wind farms on the local and regional atmospheric boundary layer: Case study of Zhangbei wind power base in China | Wang, Q.; Luo, K.; Wu, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Volume-Based Assessment of Erosion Patterns around a Hydrodynamic Transparent Offshore Structure | Welzel, M.; Schendel, A.; Schlurmann, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Simulating impacts of real-world wind farms on land surface temperature using the WRF model: physical mechanisms | Xia, G.; Zhou, L.; Minder, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
The Iowa Atmospheric Observatory: Revealing the Unique Boundary Layer Characteristics of a Wind Farm | Takle, E.; Rajewski, D.; Purdy, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
On the Potential Impact of Lake Erie Wind Farms on Water Temperatures and Mixed‐Layer Depths: Some Preliminary 1‐D Modeling Using COHERENS | Afsharian, S.; Taylor, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Water Quality | |
The VERTEX field campaign: observations of near-ground effects of wind turbine wakes | Archer, C.; Wu, S.; Vasel-Be-Hagh, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | ||
Wildlife and Wind Farms - Conflicts and Solutions, Volume 3. Offshore: Potential Effects | Perrow, M. | Book | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Modelling the Effects of Wind Farming on the Local Weather Using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model | Jawaheer, B.; Dhunny, A.; Cunden, T.; et al. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Numerical Analysis of Offshore Wind Farm Wakes and their Impact on the Marine Boundary Layer | Siedersleben, S. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Effects of wind farms on near-surface wind speed | Xin, Z.; Ruiping, Y.; Xu, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | ||
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Marking a Decade of Monitoring, Research and Innovation | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Chemicals, Noise | Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Marine Oil Spills—Oil Pollution, Sources and Effects | Zhang, B.; Matchinski, E.; Chen, B.; et al. | Book Chapter | Chemicals | |||
Marine Oil Spills—Preparedness and Countermeasures | Chen, B.; Ye, X.; Zhang, B.; et al. | Book Chapter | Chemicals | |||
Assessment of system effects of large-scale implementation of offshore wind in the southern North Sea | Boon, A.; Caires, S.; Wijnant, I.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Physical Environment | |
Costs and consequences of wind turbine wake effects arising from uncoordinated wind energy development | Lundquist, J.; DuVivier, K.; Kaffine, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions | |
Humpback Whales and Floating Offshore Wind Farm Animation | Grear, M.; Copping, A.; Sanders, G.; et al. | Video | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Entanglement | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Wave Climate and Coastline Response of the Dutch Coast: Investigating the effect of large-scale offshore wind farm developments in the North Sea | Ballas, G. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport | |
The effect of monopile-induced turbulence on local suspended sediment pattern around UK wind farms | Forster, R. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport | |
Emissions from corrosion protection systems of offshore wind farms: Evaluation of the potential impact on the marine environment | Kirchgeorg, T.; Weinberg, I.; Hörnig, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Chemicals | ||
Humpback Whale Encounter with Offshore Wind Mooring Lines and Inter-Array Cables | Copping, A.; Grear, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Entanglement | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Nonlocal Inadvertent Weather Modification Associated with Wind Farms in the Central United States | Lauridsen, M.; Ancell, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Wind turbine impact on near-ground air temperature | Moravec, D.; Barták, V.; Puš, V.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Precipitation reduction during Hurricane Harvey with simulated offshore wind farms | Pan, Y.; Yan, C.; Archer, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
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