The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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BOEM and NOAA North Atlantic Right Whale and Offshore Wind Strategy | BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs; US Department of Commerce (DOC); NOAA Fisheries | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
Further development of marine mammal dynamic energy budgets models for application to environmental assessments and integration into the iPCoD framework | Harwood, J.; Chudzinska, M.; Booth, C. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
Oceanographic Effects of Offshore Wind Structures and Their Potential Impacts on the North Atlantic Right Whale and Their Prey | Brodie, J.; Manhard, R.; Krebs, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Vulnerability Index to Scale Effects of Offshore Renewable Energy on Marine Mammals and Sea Turtles Off the U.S. West Coast (VIMMS) | Southall, B.; Mazurek, R.; Eriksen, R. | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
Megafauna Aerial Surveys in the Wind Energy Areas of Southern New England with Emphasis on Large Whales: Final Report Campaign 7, 2022 | O'Brien, O.; McKenna, K.; Hsu, S.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Displacement | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Integrating Bird and Marine Mammal Monitoring into Offshore Wind Energy Development Infrastructure and Operations | Courbis, S.; Etter, H.; Pacini, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Entanglement | Birds, Marine Mammals | |
Mapping Environmental Considerations for Marine Spatial Planning in Wales: Methodology | Murray, L.; Bloomfield, H.; Skates, L. | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | ||
Setting EU Threshold Values for continuous underwater sound | Druon, J.; Hanke, G.; Casier, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Noise | Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | |
Characterisation of underwater operational noise of two types of floating offshore wind turbines | Risch, D.; Favill, G.; Marmo, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Monitoring of Marine Life During Offshore Wind Energy Development—Guidelines and Recommendations | Kershaw, F.; Jones, A.; Folsom-O’Keefe, C.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Human Dimensions | ||
Offshore Wind Evidence and Change Programme: Annual Report 2022 | The Crown Estate | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy | ||
Offshore Wind Evidence and Change Programme: Annual Report 2023 | The Crown Estate | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy | ||
Literature Review on Barrier Effects, Ghost Fishing, and Electromagnetic Fields for Floating Windfarms | Williamson, L. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Displacement, EMF, Entanglement | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Ecosystem Benefits of Floating Offshore Wind | Haberlin, D.; Cohuo, A.; Doyle, T. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Future environmental scenarios for offshore wind expansion | Still, D.; Pacitto, S.; Miller, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Powering Healthy Seas: Accelerating Nature Positive Offshore Wind | Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Offshore Wind Priority Conflict Topics for Marine Mammals and Birds | Courbis, S.; Pacini, A.; Williams, K.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | EMF, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds | |
Floating Offshore Wind: Environmental Interactions Roadmap: Public Summary Report | ORE Catapult; Xodus Group | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Navigation | |
Commercial Wind Lease and Grant Issuance and Site Assessment Activities on the Pacific Outer Continental Shelf Humboldt Wind Energy Area, California | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM); BOEM Environmental Studies Program | Report | Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Comments on the March 22, 2022 Study Outcomes from Conservation Biology Institute Project Workshop | Flick, P.; Kelly, K. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
Environmental Data Catalog for the Morro Bay Wind Energy Area | Johnson, C.; Currier, C.; Howar, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles | |
Hywind Scotland Floating Offshore Wind Farm: Sound Source Characterisation of Operational Floating Turbines | Burns, R.; Martin, S.; Wood, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
How can the impacts of an operating wind farm on marine mammals be assessed? | Couturier, L.; Curé, C.; Labach, H.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Year 2 Digital Aerial Wildlife Survey of BOEM Lease Area OCS-A 520 Quarterly Report: July 2021 to October 2021 | Arundale, M.; Warford, S.; Willmott, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
Environmental Studies Program: Studies Development Plan 2022-2023 | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals | ||
Environmental Data Catalog for the Humboldt Wind Energy Area | Johnson, C.; Currier, C.; Howar, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions | ||
Preliminary Data Aggregation and Analysis of the Effects on Fish, Marine Mammals, and other Marine Organisms, and the Habitats that Support them, from a Proposed Offshore Wind Farm off the Coast of Grays Harbor, Washington | Severy, M.; Overhus, D.; Tugade, L.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | ||
Offshore Wind Evidence and Change Programme: Annual Report 2021 | The Crown Estate | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy | ||
Commercial Wind Lease Issuance and Site Assessment Activities on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Offshore North Carolina Draft Supplemental Environmental Assessment | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Fish, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy | ||
FLOATGEN floating wind turbine environmental monitoring report, SEM-REV test site | Reynaud, M.; Le Bouhris, E.; Soulard, T.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | EMF, Noise | Birds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions | |
State of Maine Offshore Wind Energy Research Array: Application for an Outer Continental Shelf Renewable Energy Research Lease | State of Maine | Report | Tidal, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
Cumulative impacts of wind farms on the North Sea ecosystem | Piet, G.; Tamis, J.; van der Wal, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions | ||
Year 2 Digital Aerial Wildlife Survey of BOEM Lease Area OCS-A 520 Monthly Report (Year 2): May II 2021 | Arundale, M.; Warford, S.; Willmott, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
Year 2 Digital Aerial Wildlife Survey of BOEM Lease Area OCS-A 520 Monthly Report (Year 2): May I 2021 | Arundale, M.; Warford, S.; Willmott, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
Modeling At-Sea Density of Marine Birds to Support Renewable Energy Planning on the Pacific Outer Continental Shelf of the Contiguous United States | Leirness, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals | ||
Comparison of Environmental Effects from Different Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations (2021 Revision) | Horwath, S.; Hassrick, J.; Grismala, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Draft Preliminary Environmental Assessment: Vandenberg Offshore Wind Energy Projects | California State Lands Commission | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Visual Impacts | |
Conservation Organizations Comments on June 21, 2021 OSW Workshop | Cullum, L.; Hislop, K.; Aylesworth, S.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Marine Mammals | |
Revolution Wind COP Appendix Z1: Assessment of Impacts to Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles, and ESA-Listed Fish Species | CSA Ocean Sciences Inc | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
MOTION OF THE CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION FOR APPROVAL OF THE ELECTRIC PROGRAM INVESTMENT CHARGE INTERIM INVESTMENT PLAN 2021 | California Energy Commission | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
Ongoing Study Plan: Development of Computer Simulations to Assess Entanglement Risk to Whales and Leatherback Sea Turtles in Offshore Floating Wind Turbine Moorings, Cables, and Associated Derelict Fishing Gear Offshore California | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Entanglement | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles | |
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy: Spatial and Temporal Marine Wildlife Distributions in the New York Offshore Planning Area, Summer 2016–Spring 2019 | Pembroke, A.; Robinson Willmott, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy: Spatial and Temporal Marine Wildlife Distributions in the New York Offshore Planning Area, Summer 2016–Spring 2019 | Pembroke, A.; Robinson Willmott, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy: Spatial and Temporal Marine Wildlife Distributions in the New York Offshore Planning Area, Summer 2016–Spring 2019 | Pembroke, A.; Robinson Willmott, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Sixth Interim Report | Normandeau Associates Inc | Report | Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Comparison of Environmental Effects from Different Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations | Horwath, S.; Hassrick, J.; Grismala, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Fifth Interim Report | Normandeau Associates Inc | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Winter 2018-2019 Taxonomic Analysis Summary Report | Normandeau Associates Inc | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
Project Environmental Monitoring Plan: Kincardine Offshore Windfarm Project | Kincardine Offshore Wind Ltd | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals | ||
Simply Blue Energy 1 Floating Offshore Wind Farm: Environmental Impact Assessment Scoping Report | MarineSpace Ltd | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment |
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