The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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How to strive for balance of coastal wind energy development with waterbird conservation in the important coastal wetlands, a case study in the Chongming Islands of East China | Li, B.; Yuan, X.; Chen, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl | |
Assessing the spatial distribution of avian collision risks at wind turbine structures in Brandenburg, Germany | Bose, A.; Durr, T.; Klenke, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Breeding home range movements of pre-fledged brolga chicks, Antigone rubicunda (Gruidae) in Victoria, Australia – Implications for wind farm planning and conservation | Cook, S.; Palmer, G.; Hill, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Effects of wind farms on the nest distribution of magpie (Pica pica) in agroforestry systems of Chongming Island, China | Song, N.; Xu, H.; Zhao, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds, Passerines | |
Environmental and seasonal correlates of capercaillie movement traits in a Swedish wind farm | Kämmerle, J.; Taubmann, J.; Andrén, H.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance | Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds | |
Non-territorial GPS-tagged golden eagles Aquila chrysaetos at two Scottish wind farms: Avoidance influenced by preferred habitat distribution, wind speed and blade motion status | Fielding, A.; Anderson, D.; Benn, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Raptors | |
Responses of dispersing GPS-tagged Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) to multiple wind farms across Scotland | Fielding, A.; Anderson, D.; Benn, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Raptors | |
Eagles enter rotor-swept zones of wind turbines at rates that vary per turbine | McClure, C.; Rolek, B.; Braham, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Predicting Bald Eagle Collision at Wind Energy Facilities | Nasman, K.; Bay, K.; Mattson, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Post-construction bird and bat fatality monitoring studies at wind energy projects in Latin America: A summary and review | Agudelo, S.; Mabee, T.; Palmer, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
A pathway for citizen science data to inform policy: A case study using eBird data for defining low-risk collision areas for wind energy development | Ruiz-Gutierrez, V.; Bjerre, E.; Otto, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Resource selection of apex raptors: implications for siting energy development in sagebrush and prairie ecosystems | Squires, J.; Olson, L.; Wallace, Z.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds, Raptors | |
Assessing the vulnerability of breeding bird populations to onshore wind-energy developments in Finland | Balotari-Chiebao, F.; Valkama, J.; Byholm, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds | |
Factors affecting carcass detection at wind farms using dogs and human searchers | del Valle, J.; Peralta, F.; Arjona, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Demographic and potential biological removal models identify raptor species sensitive to current and future wind energy | Diffendorfer, J.; Stanton, J.; Beston, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Life-cycle impacts of wind energy development on bird diversity in Norway | May, R.; Jackson, C.; Middel, H.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment | |
Changes in flight paths of large-bodied birds after construction of large terrestrial wind turbines | Therkildsen, O.; Balsby, T.; Kjeldsen, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds | |
Game bird carcasses are less persistent than raptor carcasses, but can predict raptor persistence dynamics | Hallingstad, E.; Riser-Espinoza, D.; Brown, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Flight Type and Seasonal Movements Are Important Predictors for Avian Collisions in Wind Farms | Puente, A.; Balmori, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
EU Species Protection Law and Wind Energy: Current Challenges and Danish Experiences | Anker, H.; Olsen, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Human Dimensions, Climate Change | |
A review of raptor carcass persistence trials and the practical implications for fatality estimation at wind farms | Wilson, D.; Hulka, S.; Bennun, L. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
A utilization distribution for the global population of Cape Vultures (Gyps coprotheres) to guide wind energy development | Cervantes, F.; Murgatroyd, M.; Allan, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Wind-energy development alters pronghorn migration at multiple scales | Milliganm M.; Johnston, A.; Beck, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Displacement | Terrestrial Mammals | |
Reconciling climate action with the need for biodiversity protection, restoration and rehabilitation | Gorman, C.; Torsney, A.; Gaughran, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Birds, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy | |
Balancing future renewable energy infrastructure siting and associated habitat loss for migrating whooping cranes | Ellis, K.; Pearse, A.; Brandt, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change | Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment | |
Columbian sharp-tailed grouse brood success and chick survival in a wind-energy landscape | Proett, M.; Roberts, S.; Messmer, T. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds | |
Wind energy expansion and birds: Identifying priority areas for impact avoidance at a national level | Balotari-Chiebao, F.; Santangeli, A.; Piirainen, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds, Ecosystem Processes | |
Raptor Interactions with Wind Energy: Case Studies from Around the World | Watson, R.; Kolar, P.; Ferrer, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
International assessment of priority environmental issues for land-based and offshore wind energy development | Green, R.; Gill, E.; Hein, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | |
Bird Collisions at Wind Turbines in a Mountainous Area Related to Bird Movement Intensities Measured by Radar | Aschwanden, J.; Stark, H.; Peter, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Avoidance, Attraction | Passerines, Birds | |
Bird carcass detection from integrated trials at multiple wind farms | Kitano, M.; Smallwood, K. Shawn; Fukaya, K. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Effect of tower base painting on willow ptarmigan collision rates with wind turbines | Stokke, B.; Nygård, T.; Falkdalen, U.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds | |
Sex- but not age-biased wind turbine collision mortality in the White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla | Heuck, C.; Herrmann, C.; Wendt, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
The species-specificity of energy landscapes for soaring birds, and its consequences for transferring suitability models across species | Scacco, M.; Arrondo, E.; Donazar, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Direct Mortality of Birds from Anthropogenic Causes | Loss, S.; Will, T.; Marra, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds | |
Impacts of onshore wind energy production on birds and bats: recommendations for future life cycle impact assessment developments | Laranjeiro, T.; May, R.; Verones, F. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds | |
Insufficient sampling to identify species affected by turbine collisions | Beston, J.; Diffendorfer, J.; Loss, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Limited rigor in studies of raptor mortality and mitigation at wind power facilities | Conkling, T.; McClure, C.; Cuadros, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Field validation of radar systems for monitoring bird migration | Nilsson, C.; Dokter, A.; Schmid, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement | Bats, Birds | |
The impact of a central Apennine wind-farm | Forconi, P.; Fusari, M.; Appiotti, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Effectiveness of an artificial intelligence-based system to curtail wind turbines to reduce eagle collisions | Duerr, A.; Parsons, A.; Nagy, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Quantifying Raptors’ Flight Behavior to Assess Collision Risk and Avoidance Behavior to Wind Turbines | Linder, A.; Lyhne, H.; Laubek, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Bird Impact Analysis of a Composite Wind Turbine Blade | Tejas, K.; Prashanth, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Effects of Wind Turbines and Other Physical Elements on Field Utilization by Pink-Footed Geese (Anser brachyrhynchus): A Landscape Perspective | Larsen, J.; Madsen, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change, Avoidance | Waterfowl, Birds | |
Spatial Pattern of Summer Bat Mortality from Collisions with Wind Turbines in Mixed-Grass Prairie | Piorkowski, M.; O'Connell, T. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Bats | |
It's Not Easy Being Green: Wind Energy and a Declining Grassland Bird | Pruett, C.; Patten, M.; Wolfe, D. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change, Avoidance | Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds | |
An evaluation of bird and bat mortality at wind turbines in the Northeastern United States | Choi, D.; Wittig, T.; Kluever, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
GPS tracking data can document wind turbine interactions: Evidence from a GPS-tagged Eurasian curlew | Jiguet, F.; Schwemmer, P.; Rousseau, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance | Bats, Birds, Shorebirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Modeling the Spatial Distribution of Carcasses of Eagles Killed by Wind Turbines | Huso, M.; Dalthorp, D.; Mintz, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
EolPop, a R-shiny tool for quantifying the demographic impact of species exposed to fatalities: Application to bird collisions with wind turbines | Chambert, T.; Duriez, O.; Deleaux, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Passerines, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment |
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