The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Taking Marine Mammals Incidental to Construction of the Block Island Wind Farm | National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | |
Marine Mammals of British Columbia Current Status, Distribution and Critical Habitats | Ford, J.; Nichol, L. | Presentation | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds | |
Hearing frequencies of a harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) temporarily affected by played back offshore pile driving sounds | Kastelein, R.; Gransier, R.; Marijt, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
An Integrated Visual Impact Assessment Model for Offshore Windfarm Development | Depellegrin, D.; Blažauskas, N.; Egarter-Vigl, L. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | |
Marine Mammals Trace Anthropogenic Structures at Sea | Russell, D.; Brasseur, S.; Thompson, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy | Habitat Change | Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals, Ecosystem Processes | |
A Sustainability Index of Potential Co-Location of Offshore Wind Farms and Open Water Aquaculture | Benassai, G.; Mariani, P.; Stenberg, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions | |
Do man-made structures and water depth affect the diel rhythms in click recordings of harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena)? | Brandt, M.; Hansen, S.; Diederichs, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Marine Mammals | |
Lake Michigan Offshore Wind Feasibility Assessment | Boezaart, A.; Edmonson, J.; Standridge, C.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions, Birds, Bats | |
Characterization and Potential Impacts of Noise Producing Construction and Operation Activities on the Outer Continental Shelf: Data Synthesis | Martin, B.; Zeddies, D.; MacDonnell, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Navigation | |
Use of Population Viability Analysis (PVA) to Assess the Potential for Long Term Impacts from Piling Noise on Marine Mammal Populations - A Case Study from the Scottish East Coast | De Silva, R.; Grellier, K.; Lye, G.; et al. | Presentation | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds | |
Responses of Free-Living Coastal Pelagic Fish to Impulsive Sounds | Hawkins, A.; Roberts, L.; Cheesman, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy | Noise | Pelagic Fish, Fish | |
Environmental risk evaluation system—an approach to ranking risk of ocean energy development on coastal and estuarine environments | Copping, A.; Hanna, L.; Van Cleve, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Report of the Workshop on International Harmonisation of Approaches to Define Underwater Noise Exposure Criteria | Lucke, K.; Winter, E.; Lam, F.; et al. | Workshop Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Environmental aspects of designing multi-purpose offshore platforms in the scope of the FP7 TROPOS Project | Lu, S.; Yu, J.; Golmen, L.; et al. | Conference Paper | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions | |
Review of Environmental Data Associated with Post-Consent Monitoring of Licence Conditions of Offshore Wind Farms | Marine Management Organisation (MMO) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Soaring Migratory Birds Avoid Wind Farm in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Southern Mexico | Villegas-Patraca, R.; Cabrera-Cruz, S.; Herrera-Alsina, L. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds | |
Habitat Use and Selection of Black Scoters in Southern New England and Siting of Offshore Wind Energy Facilities | Loring, P.; Paton, P.; Osenkowski, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds | |
Etude d’Impact Acoustique du Parc Eolien Offshore du Banc de Guérande, Saint-Nazaire, France | Clorennec, D.; Folegot, T. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Dogger Bank Environmental Statement - Chapter 29: Noise and Vibration | Wigham, S. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Assessing the Impact of Underwater Sounds on Fishes and Other Forms of Marine Life | Hawkins, A.; Popper, A. | Magazine Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy | Noise | Fish | |
Study and Application of Underwater Noise Impact in Coastal Region off Western Taiwan | Cheng, Y.; Lin, S.; Chang, Y.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Measuring the Interaction Between Marine Features of Special Protection Areas with Offshore Wind Farm Development Sites Through Telemetry: Final Report | Thaxter, C.; Ross-Smith, V.; Clark, N.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Collision | Seabirds, Birds | |
Construction and Post-Construction Avian and Bat Monitoring Plan Block Island Wind Farm | Tetra Tech Inc. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Physical Environment | |
Effects of Noise and By-Catch on a Danish Harbour Porpoise Population | Nabe-Nielsen, J.; Sibly, R.; Tougaard, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Monitoring ship noise to assess the impact of coastal developments on marine mammals | Merchant, N.; Pirotta, E.; Barton, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds | |
The Ecology of Benthopelagic Fishes at Offshore Wind Farms: A Synthesis of 4 Years of Research | Reubens, J.; Degraer, S.; Vincx, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
Marine mammals and windfarms: Effects of alpha ventus on harbour porpoises | Dähne, M.; Peschko, V.; Gilles, A.; et al. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise, Avoidance | Marine Mammals | |
Underwater construction and operational noise at alpha ventus | Betke, K. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise, Avoidance | Marine Mammals | |
Noise mitigation systems and low-noise installation technologies | Verfuß, T. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
The Co-Location of Offshore Windfarms and Decapod Fisheries in the UK: Constraints and Opportunities | Hooper, T.; Austen, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Attraction | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Diel Variation in Feeding and Movement Patterns of Juvenile Atlantic Cod at Offshore Wind Farms | Reubens, J.; Rijcke, M.; Degraer, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
Energy Profiling of Demersal Fish: A Case-Study in Wind Farm Artificial Reefs | De Troch, M.; Reubens, J.; Heirman, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
Behavioral Responses of a Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) to Playbacks of Broadband Pile Driving Sounds | Kastelein, R.; van Heerden, D.; Gransier, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Harbor Seals & Harbor Porpoises-Pile Driving: Detection, Behavioral Response and TTS | Kastelein, R. | Presentation | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds | |
Use of Deterrent Devices and Improvements to Standard Mitigation during Piling - Research Summary | Herschel, A.; Stephenson, S.; Sparling, C.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise, Attraction | Marine Mammals | |
Short-Term Disturbance by a Commercial Two-Dimensional Seismic Survey does Not Lead to Long-Term Displacement of Harbour Porpoises | Thompson, P.; Brookes, K.; Graham, I.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement, Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Framework for Assessing Impacts of Pile-Driving Noise from Offshore Wind Farm Construction on a Harbour Seal Population | Thomson, P.; Hastie, G.; Nedwell, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds | |
Use of Deterrent Devices and Improvements to Standard Mitigation during Piling | Herschel, A.; Stephenson, S.; Sparling, C.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise, Attraction | Marine Mammals | |
Eco-Hydro-Acoustic Modeling and its Use as an EIA Tool | Rossington, K.; Benson, T.; Lepper, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
Deepwater Wind Block Island Environmental Assessment and Statement of Findings | US Army Corps of Engineers | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Displacement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Offshore Wind Farms as Productive Sites or Ecological Traps for Gadoid Fishes? - Impact on Growth, Condition Index and Diet Composition | Reubens, J.; Vandendriessche, S.; Zenner, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Attraction | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
Hearing thresholds of two harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) for playbacks of multiple pile driving strike sounds | Kastelein, R.; Hoek, L.; Gransier, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds | |
Hearing thresholds of a harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) for playbacks of multiple pile driving strike sounds | Kastelein, R.; Hoek, L.; Gransier, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Modelling of Noise Effects of Operational Offshore Wind Turbines Including Noise Transmission Through Various Foundation Types | Marmo, B.; Roberts, I.; Buckingham, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Demersal Fish, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds | |
Impacts of OWF installations on fisheries: A Literature Review | Bat, L.; Sezgin, M.; Sahin, F. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy | |
Mobile Demersal Megafauna at Artificial Structures in the German Bight - Likely Effects of Offshore Wind Farm Development | Krone, R.; Gutow, L.; Brey, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates | |
Effects of an Offshore Wind Farm on Temporal and Spatial Patterns in the Demersal Fish Community | Bergström, L.; Sundqvist, F.; Bergström, U. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
Diversity of Demersal and Megafaunal Assemblages Inhabiting Sandbanks of the Irish Sea | Atalah, J.; Fitch, J.; Coughlan, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates, Fish, Demersal Fish | |
Modeling Wildlife Densities and Habitat Use Across Temporal and Spatial Scales on the Mid-Atlantic Continental Shelf: Annual Report for the First Budget Period | Williams, K. | Report | Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Reptiles, Marine Mammals, Birds | |
Assessing Vulnerability of Marine Bird Populations to Offshore Wind Farms | Furness, R.; Wade, H.; Masden, E. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Birds |
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