Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Assessing the exposure of animals to acoustic disturbance: Towards an understanding of the population consequences of disturbance Costa, D.; Hückstädt, L.; Schwarz, L.; et al. Conference Paper Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Fine-scale harbour seal at-sea usage mapping around Orkney and the North coast of Scotland Jones, E.; Smout, S.; Blight, C.; et al. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Avoidance of Wind Farms by Harbour Seals is Limited to Pile Driving Activities Russell, D.; Hastie, G.; Thompson, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Noise Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Offshore wind energy ecological programme (Wozep) Monitoring and research programme 2017-2021 WOZEP project team Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
Like the Din in a University Canteen The Underwater Operating Noise and its Effects on Porpoises and Friend Benesch, M.; Radecke, H. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Much Hubble-Bubble About Nothing? Research into the Little Bubble Curtain Method of Noise Reduction Rolfes, R.; Rustemeier, J.; Grießmann, T. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
The most Important Environmental Project in a German Offshore Wind Farm: Accompanying Ecological Research on the Offshore Test Field Project Alpha Ventus Beiersdorf, A.; Boethling, M.; Binder, A.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Measurement and characterisation of radiated underwater sound from a 3.6 MW monopile wind turbine Pangerc, T.; Theobald, P.; Wang, L.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Joint Statutory Nature Conservation Bodies Position Statement: ORJIP Project 4, Stage 1 of Phase 2 Statutory Nature Conservation Bodies (SNCB) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise, Attraction Marine Mammals
Studying cetacean behaviour: new technological approaches and conservation applications Nowacek, D.; Christiansen, F.; Bejder, L.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Assessing The Benefit Of Noise Reduction Measures During Offshore Wind Farm Construction On Harbour Porpoises Verfuss, U.; Plunkett, R.; Booth, C.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Terrestrial and marine foraging strategies of an opportunistic seabird species breeding in the Wadden Sea Garthe, S.; Schwemmer, P.; Paiva, V.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals
Beatrice Environmental Impact Assessment Report (Consultation Version) Repsol; Genesis Oil and Gas Consultants Ltd Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Comparing the performance of C-PODs and SoundTrap/PAMGUARD in detecting the acoustic activity of harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) Sarnocinska, J.; Tougaard, J.; Johnson, M.; et al. Journal Article Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Technical Guidance for Assessing the Effects of Anthropogenic Sound on Marine Mammal Hearing: Underwater Acoustic Thresholds for Onset of Permanent and Temporary Threshold Shifts National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Report Noise Marine Mammals
Assessing Auditory Evoked Potentials of Wild Harbor Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) Ruser, A.; Dähne, M.; van Neer, A.; et al. Journal Article Noise Marine Mammals
Rampion Windfarm: Simultaneous piling assessment HR Wallingford Ltd Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
Effects of Offshore Pile Driving on Harbour Porpoise Abundance in the German Bight: Assessment of Noise Effects Brandt, M.; Dragon, A.; Diederichs, A.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Auditory Sensitivity in Aquatic Animals Lucke, K.; Popper, A.; Hawkins, A.; et al. Journal Article Noise Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds
Geo-Spatial Tool for the Assessment Offshore Pile Driving Noise Effects on Marine Mammals Daoud, W.; Kasama, K.; Saleh, N.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
Technological solutions to reduce the environmental impacts of wind-energy systems Megavind Report Wind Energy Collision, Displacement, Lighting, Noise Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Software for real-time localization of baleen whale calls using directional sonobuoys: A case study on Antarctic blue whales Miller, B.; Calderan, S.; Gillespie, D.; et al. Journal Article Marine Mammals
Environmental Assessment for Decommissioning of Vindeby Offshore Wind Farm Ørsted Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
Environmental Interview: Effects of Wind Power on Marine Life Kautsky, L. Video Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Fish
Predictive mapping of seabirds, pinnipeds and cetaceans off the Pacific Coast of Washington Menza, C.; Leirness, J.; White, T.; et al. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment
Guidelines For Environmental Impact Studies On Marine Biodiversity For Offshore Windfarm Projects In The Baltic Sea Region Baltic Environmental Forum – Latvia Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Communication Masking in Marine Mammals: A Review and Research Strategy Erbe, C.; Reichmuth, C.; Cunningham, K.; et al. Journal Article Noise Marine Mammals
Kincardine Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Statement Appendix B: Aerial Surveys Report HiDef Aerial Surveying Ltd Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals
Management of Acoustic Metadata for Bioacoustics Roch, M.; Batchelor, H.; Baumann-Pickering, S.; et al. Journal Article Marine Mammals, Fish
Data to Decision in a Dynamic Ocean: Robust Species Distribution Models and Spatial Decision Frameworks Halpin, P. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Recreation & Tourism
Multiple-Pulse Sounds and Seals: Results of a Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina) Telemetry Study During Wind Farm Construction Hastie, G.; Russell, B.; McConnell, B.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Review of Offshore Wind Farm Impact Monitoring and Mitigation with Regard to Marine Mammals Verfuss, U.; Sparling, C.; Arnot, C.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals
Environmental impacts of offshore wind farms in the Belgian part of the North Sea: Environmental impact monitoring reloaded Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Trends of Harbour Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) Density in the Southern North Sea Peschko, V.; Ronnenberg, K.; Siebert, U.; et al. Journal Article Marine Mammals
Impact Assessment of Offshore Pile Driving Noise on Red Sea Marine Mammals Dawoud, W.; Negm, A.; Saleh, N.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Marine Mammals
Offshore Wind Power for Marine Conservation Hammar, L.; Perry, D.; Gullström, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Marine Spatial Planning
Hydraulic response of submerged breakwaters in Reef Ball modules ILARIA DEL VITA Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
Northeast Large Pelagic Survey Collaborative Aerial and Acoustic Surveys for Large Whales and Sea Turtles Final Report Kraus, S.; Leiter, S.; Stone, K.; et al. Report Wind Energy Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Draft Guidance for Assessing the Effects of Anthropogenic Sound on Marine Mammals: Acoustic Threshold Levels for Onset of Permanent and Temporary Threshold Shifts National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Report Noise Marine Mammals
Field Surveys of Whales and Sea Turtles For Offshore Wind Energy Planning in Massachusetts 2011-2012 Kraus, S.; Taylor, J.; Wikgren, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
MERiFIC 3.3.2: Grey Seal Population Surveys of the Isles of Scilly and Parc Naturel Marin d'Iroise Witt, M. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Behavioral Responses of a Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) to Playbacks of Broadband Pile Driving Sounds Kastelein, R.; van Heerden, D.; Gransier, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Harbor Seals & Harbor Porpoises-Pile Driving: Detection, Behavioral Response and TTS Kastelein, R. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Responsible Practices for Minimizing and Monitoring Environmental Impacts of Marine Seismic Surveys with an Emphasis on Marine Mammals Nowacek, D.; Bröker, K.; Donovan, G.; et al. Journal Article Noise Marine Mammals
A Protocol for Implementing the Interim Population Consequences of Disturbance (PCoD) approach: Quantifying and Assessing the Effects of UK Offshore Renewable Energy Developments on Marine Mammal Populations Booth, C.; Donovan, C.; King, S.; et al. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy Marine Mammals
MRSea Package (version 0.0.1): Statistical Modelling of Bird and Cetacean Distributions in Offshore Renewables Development Areas Scott-Hayward, L.; Oedekoven, C.; Mackenzie, M.; et al. Report Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Birds
Use of Deterrent Devices and Improvements to Standard Mitigation during Piling - Research Summary Herschel, A.; Stephenson, S.; Sparling, C.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise, Attraction Marine Mammals
Marine Renewable Energy: A Global Review of the Extent of Marine Renewable Energy Developments, the Developing Technologies and Possible Conservation Implications for Cetaceans James, V. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Framework for Assessing Impacts of Pile-Driving Noise from Offshore Wind Farm Construction on a Harbour Seal Population Thomson, P.; Hastie, G.; Nedwell, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Has Designating and Protecting Critical Habitat had an Impact on Endangered North Atlantic Right Whale Ship Strike Mortality? Mullen, K.; Peterson, M.; Todd, S. Journal Article Collision Marine Mammals, Cetaceans

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