Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Mapping and characterizing the visual impacts of the existing US wind turbine fleet Gleason, M.; Lopez, A.; Rivers, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Focusing the view: Improved methods for assessing viewshed impacts of onshore wind turbines Dong, L.; Lang, C.; Parent, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
NMFS West Coast Offshore Wind Energy Strategic Science Plan National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Spatial planning offshore wind energy farms in California for mediating fisheries and wildlife conservation impacts White, C.; Wang, Y-H; Walter, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Entanglement Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Commercial Wind Lease Issuance and Site Assessment Activities on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Offshore Maine Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM); US Department of the Interior (DOI) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment, Water Quality, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Stakeholder Engagement
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind South Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) for Commercial Wind Lease OCS-A 0499 Sullivan, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Using Available Data and Information to Identify Offshore Wind Energy Areas Off the California Coast [2024] Rockwood, R.; Salas, L.; Howar, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
GIS-based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis for Marine Energy Site Selection: A Case Study Comparison between Puerto Rico and Hawaii Hall, S. Thesis Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data
Predicting commercial wind farm site suitability in the conterminous United States using a logistic regression model Wimhurst, J.; Greene, J.; Koch, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Assessment of Offshore Wind Energy Opportunities and Challenges in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Fuchs, R.; Musial, W.; Zuckerman, G.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Establishing baselines for predicting change in ambient sound metrics, marine mammal, and vessel occurrence within a US offshore wind energy area Van Parijs, S.; DeAngelis, A.; Aldrich, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Low impact siting for wind power facilities in the Southeast United States Feng, X.; Li, S.; Kalies, E.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Protected species considerations for ocean planning: A case study for offshore wind energy development in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Farmer, N.; Garrison, L.; Litz, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Marine Spatial Planning
Offshore Wind Integrated Geoscience Approach Considering Regulatory Requirements and Project Design Essentials to Optimize Timelines Bringing Value to Project, Developer, and Consumer Hargrave, D.; Bryant, G.; Fraser, J.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Evaluating Potential Impacts of Offshore Wind Development on Fishing Operations by Comparing Fine- and Coarse-Scale Fishery-Dependent Data Allen-Jacobson, L.; Jones, A.; Mercer, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Getting to 30 GW by 2030: Visual preferences of coastal residents for offshore wind farms on the US East Coast Cranmer, A.; Broughel, A.; Ericson, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Tourists are people too: Nonresidents’ values, beliefs, and acceptance of a nearshore wind farm Bidwell, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
SouthCoast Wind Draft Environmental Impact Statement BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Recreation & Tourism, Visual Impacts
Great Lakes Wind Energy Feasibility Study Musial, W.; Green, R.; Courbis, S.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts
Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of California Commercial Fisheries from 2005 to 2019 and Potential Overlap with Offshore Wind Energy Development Wang, Y-H.; Walter, R.; White, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Do views of offshore wind energy detract? A hedonic price analysis of the Block Island wind farm in Rhode Island Dong, L.; Lang, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
A framework for categorizing the interactions of offshore windfarms and fisheries Stokesbury, K.; Fay, G.; Griffin, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Spatial Modeling to Support Sustainable Offshore Wind Energy Development for California Degagne, R.; Gough, M.; Joseph, G.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Maine and Offshore Wind Development: Using the Coastal Zone Management Act and Marine Spatial Planning to Influence Projects in Federal Waters Morrissey, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Using Available Data and Information to Identify Offshore Wind Energy Areas Off the California Coast Rockwood, R.; Salas, L.; Howar, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
The Responsible Offshore Development Alliance Research Priorities 2022 Responsible Offshore Development Alliance (RODA) Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Identifying Ecological Metrics and Sampling Strategies for Baseline Monitoring During Offshore Wind Development Brodie, J.; Kohut, J.; Zemeckis, D. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Draft Preliminary Environmental Assessment: Vandenberg Offshore Wind Energy Projects California State Lands Commission Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Visual Impacts
Hydrodynamic Modeling, Particle Tracking and Agent-Based Modeling of Larvae in the U.S. Mid-Atlantic Bight Johnson, T.; van Berkel, J.; Mortensen, L.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Assessment of Seascape, Landscape, and Visual Impacts of Offshore Wind Energy Developments on the Outer Continental Shelf of the United States Sullivan, R. Report Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
ROSA Offshore Wind Project Monitoring Framework and Guidelines ROSA Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy: Spatial and Temporal Marine Wildlife Distributions in the New York Offshore Planning Area, Summer 2016–Spring 2019 Pembroke, A.; Robinson Willmott, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Managing Impacts of Human-Generated Sound on Marine Life McPherson, S. Guidance Marine Energy, Wind Energy Noise Fish, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Marine Spatial Planning, Recreation & Tourism
Octopus’s garden under the blade: Boosting biodiversity increases willingness to pay for offshore wind in the United States Klain, S.; Satterfield, T.; Chan, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Demersal Fish, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Benthic and Epifaunal Monitoring During Wind Turbine Installation and Operation at the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island - Project Report Hutchison, Z.; Bartley, M.; English, P.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Worth a thousand words: Presenting wind turbines in virtual reality reveals new opportunities for social acceptance and visualization research Cranmer, A.; Ericson, J.; Ebers Broughel, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Stakeholder Benefits and Concerns Emery, C.; Casali, L.; Severy, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts
The effect of offshore wind power projects on recreational beach use on the east coast of the United States: Evidence from contingent-behavior data Parsons, G.; Firestone, J.; Yan, L.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism, Visual Impacts
Guidelines for Submission of Spatial Data for Atlantic Offshore Renewable Energy Development Site Characterization Surveys BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs Guidance Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Long-term visual impacts of aging infrastructure: Challenges of decommissioning wind power infrastructure and a survey of alternative strategies Szumilas-Kowalczyk, H.; Pevzner, N.; Giedych, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Early conservation benefits of a de facto marine protected area at San Clemente Island, California Esgro, M.; Lindholm, J.; Nickols, K.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Sustainability and tourism: the effect of the United States’ first offshore wind farm on the vacation rental market Carr-Harris, A.; Lang, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Visual Impacts, Recreation & Tourism, Human Dimensions
Stakeholder Perspectives on the Value of Marine Spatial Planning Towards Advancing Offshore Wind in the U.S. Ryan, K.; Bates, A.; Gopnik, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Stakeholder Engagement, Marine Spatial Planning, Human Dimensions
Nonmarket Valuation of Marine Resources in the Northeast: Implications for Recreational Fisheries Management and Offshore Wind Energy Development Carr-Harris, A. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Visual Impacts
Is Marine Spatial Planning Enough to Overcome Biological Data Deficiencies? Ryan, K.; Danylchuk, A.; Jordaan, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Lessons learned in marine governance: Case studies of marine spatial planning practice in the U.S. Smythe, T.; McCann, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Stakeholder Engagement, Marine Spatial Planning, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Wind in the sails or choppy seas?: People-place relations, aesthetics and public support for the United States’ first offshore wind project Firestone, J.; Bidwell, D.; Gardner, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Visual Impacts, Human Dimensions
Summary Report: Best Management Practices Workshop for Atlantic Offshore Wind Facilities and Marine Protected Species Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Public receptiveness of vertical axis wind turbines Hui, I.; Cain, B.; Dabiri, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Marine Spatial Plan for Washington’s Pacific Coast Bates, E.; Gianou, K.; Hennessey, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement

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