The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date | Content Type Sort descending | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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An integrated conceptual model to characterize the effects of offshore wind farms on ecosystem services | Baulaz, Y.; Mouchet, M.; Niquil, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | |
Comparing Atlantic Cod Temporal Spawning Dynamics across a Biogeographic Boundary: Insights from Passive Acoustic Monitoring | Van Hoeck, R.; Rowell, T.; Dean, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement, Noise | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
An ecological risk assessment for the impacts of offshore wind farms on birds in Australia | Reid, K.; Baker, G.; Woehler, E. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Passerines, Seabirds | |
International assessment of priority environmental issues for land-based and offshore wind energy development | Green, R.; Gill, E.; Hein, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | |
Detection of Habitat Shifts of Cetacean Species: A Comparison Between 2010 and 2017 Habitat Suitability Conditions in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean | Chavez-Rosales, S.; Josephson, E.; Palka, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Displacement, Habitat Change | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Impact of Offshore Wind Farms on Marine Ecosystems, Pelagic Species and Fishing | Negro, V.; del Campo, J.; Luengo Frades, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Displacement | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Recreation & Tourism | |
A framework for improving treatment of uncertainty in offshore wind assessments for protected marine birds | Searle, K.; O'Brien, S.; Jones, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds | |
Potential impacts of floating wind turbine technology for marine species and habitats | Maxwell, S.; Kershaw, F.; Locke, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Displacement, Entanglement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Navigation | |
Atlantic deepwater ecosystem observatory network: Patterns of acoustic backscatter and community structure of the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf | Miksis-Olds, J.; Warren, J.; Blair, H.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Displacement, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Approaching Population Thresholds in Presence of Uncertainty: Assessing Displacement of Seabirds from Offshore Wind Farms | Busch, M.; Garthe, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement | Seabirds, Birds | |
Acoustic ecology of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) between two U.S. offshore wind energy areas | Holdman, A.; Tregenza, N.; Van Parijs, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Displacement, Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Vessel noise prior to pile driving at offshore windfarm sites deters harbour porpoises from potential injury zones | Gall, A.; Thompson, P.; Merchant, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Avoidance, Displacement, Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Seabird Avoidance and Attraction at an Offshore Wind Farm in the Belgian Part of the North Sea | Vanermen, N.; Onkelinx, T.; Courtens, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement, Avoidance, Attraction | Seabirds, Birds | |
Interdisciplinary analysis of wind energy - a focus on France | Kinani, K.; Meunier, S.; Vido, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
Assessing Seabird Displacement at Offshore Wind Farms: Power Ranges of a Monitoring and Data Handling Protocol | Vanermen, N.; Onkelinx, T.; Verschelde, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement | Seabirds, Birds | |
Short-Term Disturbance by a Commercial Two-Dimensional Seismic Survey does Not Lead to Long-Term Displacement of Harbour Porpoises | Thompson, P.; Brookes, K.; Graham, I.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement, Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Behavioural responses of Sandwich terns following the construction of offshore wind farms | Thaxter, C.; Green, R.; Collier, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds | |
An Eulerian perspective on habitat models of striped bass occurrence in an offshore wind development area | Rothermel, E.; O'Brien, M.; Best, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Displacement | Fish, Pelagic Fish | |
Environmental Risk Evaluation System - An Approach to Ranking Risk of Ocean Energy Development on Coastal and Estuarine Environments | Copping, A.; Hanna, L.; Van Cleve, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Wave, Tidal, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy | Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Chemicals, Changes in Flow, Avoidance, Attraction | Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds | |
Information Needs to Support Environmental Impact Assessments of the Effects of European Marine Offshore Wind Farms on Birds | Fox, A.; Desholm, M.; Kahlert, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Effects of Wind Turbines on Flight Behaviour of Wintering Common Eiders: Implications for Habitat Use and Collision Risk | Larsen, J.; Guillemette, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds | |
The Effect of Avoidance Rates on Bird Mortality Predictions Made by Wind Turbine Collision Risk Models | Chamberlain, D.; Rehfisch, M.; Fox, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction | Waterfowl, Seabirds, Raptors, Birds | |
Birds and Offshore Wind Farms: A Hot Topic in Marine Ecology | Exo, K.; Hüppop, O.; Garthe, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds | |
Spatial and temporal analysis of cumulative environmental effects of offshore wind farms in the North Sea basin | Gusatu, L.; Menegon, S.; Depellegrin, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Chemicals, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions | |
What level of monitoring is enough to detect displacement effects of offshore wind farms? | Hall, R.; Black, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Displacement | Seabirds | |
Towards a Numerical Model to Simulate the Observed Displacement of Harbour Porpoises Phocoena phocoena Due to Pile Driving in Belgian Waters | Haelters, J.; Duliere, V.; Vigin, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise, Displacement | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Assessing the exposure of three diving bird species to offshore wind areas on the U.S. Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf using satellite telemetry | Stenhouse, I.; Berlin, A.; Gilbert, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement | Birds, Seabirds, Waterfowl | |
The Effects of Aero-Generators on Moorland Bird Populations in the Orkney Islands, Scotland | Meek, E.; Ribbands, J.; Christer, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Displacement, Collision | Seabirds, Birds | |
Future Directions in Conservation Research on Petrels and Shearwaters | Rodríguez, A.; Arcos, J.; Bretagnolle, V.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction | Seabirds, Birds | |
A two-fold increase in migration distance does not have breeding consequences in a long-distance migratory seabird with high flight costs | Dufour, P.; Wojczulanis-Jakubas, K.; Lavergne, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Avoidance, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Reviewing the ecological impacts of offshore wind farms | Galparsoro, I.; Menchaca, I.; Garmendia, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates | |
How to strive for balance of coastal wind energy development with waterbird conservation in the important coastal wetlands, a case study in the Chongming Islands of East China | Li, B.; Yuan, X.; Chen, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl | |
Displacement of seabirds by an offshore wind farm in the North Sea | Welcker, J.; Nehls, G. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Displacement | Seabirds, Birds | |
Offshore Wind Power for Marine Conservation | Hammar, L.; Perry, D.; Gullström, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Environmental impact of renewable energy source based electrical power plants: Solar, wind, hydroelectric, biomass, geothermal, tidal, ocean, and osmotic | Rahman, A.; Farrok, O.; Haque, M. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions | |
Impacts of OWF installations on fisheries: A Literature Review | Bat, L.; Sezgin, M.; Sahin, F. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy | |
A new method for quantifying redistribution of seabirds within operational offshore wind farms finds no evidence of within-wind farm displacement | Trinder, M.; O'Brien, S.; Deimel, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Displacement | Seabirds |
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