The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date | Content Type | Technology Sort descending | Stressor | Receptor |
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Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of Offshore Wind and Marine Renewable Energy in Northern Ireland | Department of Enterprise, Trade and Investment | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Passerines, Seabirds, Waterfowl, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Reptiles, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts | |
Anthropogenic disturbance facilitates a non-native species on offshore oil platforms | Viola, S.; Page, H.; Zaleski, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Invertebrates | |
Working Group on Marine Benthal and Renewable Energy Developments (WGMBRED) | ICES Working Group on Marine Renewable Energy (WGMRE) | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Characterisation of the Potential Impacts of Subsea Power Cables Associated with Offshore Renewable Energy Projects | Taormina, B.; Quillienn, N.; Lejart, M.; et al. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF, Habitat Change | Physical Environment, Fish, Invertebrates | |
Insights from the management of offshore energy resources: Toward an ecosystem-services based management approach for deep-ocean industries | Bravo, M.; Brandt, M.; van der Grient, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Social & Economic Data | |
Use of Anthropogenic Sea Floor Structures by Australian Fur Seals: Potential Positive Ecological Impacts of Marine Industrial Development? | Arnould, J.; Monk, J.; Lerodiaconou, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds | |
National Environmental Policy Act Documentation for Impact-Producing Factors in the Offshore Wind Cumulative Impacts Scenario on the South Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Fisheries, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
ICES WGMBRED Report 2013: Report of the Working Group on Marine Benthal and Renewable Energy Developments (WGMBRED) | International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates | |
Feasibility of Predictive Mapping of Marine Growth | Miller, R.; Macleod, A. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Invertebrates | |
Feasibility of Sensor Development for Monitoring Marine Growth | Yunnie, A.; Vance, T.; Ramsden, R. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Invertebrates | |
Social network analysis as a tool for marine spatial planning: Impacts of decommissioning on connectivity in the North Sea | Tidbury, H.; Taylor, N.; van der Molen, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Artificial Reef Effect in Relation to Offshore Renewable Energy Conversion: State of the Art | Langhamer, O. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Physical Environment | |
Multi-Disciplinary and Multi-Scale Assessment of Marine Renewable Energy Structure in a Tidal System | Raoux, A.; Robin, I.; Pezy, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Physical Environment, Fish, Invertebrates | |
European offshore renewable energy, towards a sustainable future | Soukissian, T.; O’Hagan, A-M.; Azzellino, A.; et al. | Report | Marine Energy, Ocean Current, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | |
SEER Factsheet | SEER | Summary | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | |
Structure in a sea of sand: fish abundance in relation to man-made structures in the North Sea | Wright, S.; Lynam, C.; Righton, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish | |
Minimizing wildlife impacts for offshore wind energy development: Winning tradeoffs for seabirds in space and cetaceans in time | Best, B.; Halpin, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Evaluating receiver contributions to acoustic positional telemetry: a case study on Atlantic cod around wind turbines in the North Sea | van der Knaap, I.; Slabbekoorn, H.; Winter, H.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change | Fish, Pelagic Fish | |
Comparison of Environmental Effects from Different Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations (2021 Revision) | Horwath, S.; Hassrick, J.; Grismala, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Offshore Wind Power for Marine Conservation | Hammar, L.; Perry, D.; Gullström, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Investigations of the Bird Collision Risk and the Responses of Harbour Porpoises in the Offshore Wind Farms Horns Rev, North Sea, and Nysted, Baltic Sea, in Denmark - Part II: Harbour porpoises | Diederichs,A.; Hennig, V.; Nehls, G. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Noise | Birds, Marine Mammals | |
Benthic biodiversity on old platforms, young wind farms, and rocky reefs | Coolen, J.; van der Weide, B.; Cuperus, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates | |
The State of the Science on Wildlife and Offshore Wind Energy Development: Workshop Proceedings | Gulka, J.; Williams, K. | Workshop Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Insect fatalities at wind turbines as biodiversity sinks | Voigt, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Invertebrates | |
Marine Mammals Workgroup Report for the State of the Science Workshop on Wildlife and Offshore Wind Energy 2020: Cumulative Impacts | Southall, B.; Morse, L.; Williams, K.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change, Noise | Marine Mammals | |
State of the Science Workshop on Offshore Wind and Wildlife 2020: Cumulative Impacts | New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) | Presentation | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles | |
Risk Assessment to Model Encounter Rates between Large Whales and Sea Turtles and Vessel Traffic from Offshore Wind Energy on the Atlantic OCS | Barkaszi, M.; Fonseca, M.; Foster, T.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Human Dimensions, Navigation | |
New York State Offshore Wind Master Plan: Fish and Fisheries Study | Ecology and Environment, Inc. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Endangered Atlantic Sturgeon in the New York Wind Energy Area: implications of future development in an offshore wind energy site | Ingram, E.; Cerrato, R.; Dunton, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Demersal Fish | |
Documenting fish response to seismic surveying and establishing a baseline soundscape for reefs in Onslow Bay, North Carolina | Paxton, A.; Voss, C.; Peterson, C.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates | |
Cumulative Noise Impacts to Marine Mammals from Offshore Wind Development and Operations | Southall, B.; Rosenbaum, H. | Workshop Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Negative long term effects on harbour porpoises from a large scale offshore wind farm in the Baltic—evidence of slow recovery | Teilmann, J.; Carstensen, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Environmental assessment of proposed areas for offshore wind farms off southern Brazil based on ecological niche modeling and a species richness index for albatrosses and petrels | Lemos, C.; Hernandez, M.; Vilardo, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Dominant Frequency Extraction for Operational Underwater Sound of Offshore Wind Turbines Using Adaptive Stochastic Resonance | Wang, R.; Xu, X.; Zou, Z.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Fish, Physical Environment | |
Offshore wind farm effects on flounder and gadid dietary habits and condition on the northeastern US coast | Wilber, D.; Brown, L.; Griffin, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Physical Environment | |
Windfarms, fishing and benthic recovery: Overlaps, risks and opportunities | Dunkley, F.; Solandt, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Reef effect of offshore structures on the occurrence and foraging activity of harbour porpoises | Fernandez-Betelu, O.; Graham, I.; Thompson, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
How can the impacts of an operating wind farm on marine mammals be assessed? | Couturier, L.; Curé, C.; Labach, H.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Marine Mammals | |
The reef effect induced by wind farms and their grid connection | Couturier, L.; Lecaillon, G.; Lenfant, P.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment | |
Does the colonisation of offshore renewable energy farms facilitate the introduction and spread of non-indigenous species? | Nexer, M.; Ben Rais Lasram, F.; Bourgougnon, N.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates | |
Hornsea Project Two Offshore Wind Farm Decommissioning Programme | Ørsted | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Organic matter processing in a [simulated] offshore wind farm ecosystem in current and future climate and aquaculture scenarios | Voet, H.; Vlaminck, E.; van Colen, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Climate Change | |
International assessment of priority environmental issues for land-based and offshore wind energy development | Green, R.; Gill, E.; Hein, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | |
A review to inform the assessment of the risk of collision and displacement in petrels and shearwaters from offshore wind developments in Scotland | Deakin, Z.; Cook, A.; Daunt, F.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Fish | |
Moray East Construction Survey Summary Report | Moray Offshore Wind Farm (East) Limited | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement, Habitat Change | Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport | |
Moray East Pre-Construction Survey Campaign Summary Report | Moray Offshore Wind Farm (East) Limited | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Environmental Effects of U.S. Offshore Wind Energy Development: Compilation of Educational Research Briefs | SEER | Summary | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles | |
Quarterly Report for Aquatic Sampling: Project Icebreaker Pre-Construction Monitoring 2nd Quarter | Verhamme, E.; Daley, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish | |
Lake Erie Monitoring Plan for the Offshore Wind Project: Icebreaker Wind | LimnoTech | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Ecosystem Processes, Fish | |
Environmental Data Catalog for the Morro Bay Wind Energy Area | Johnson, C.; Currier, C.; Howar, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles |
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