The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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Co-designing a multi-criteria approach to ranking hazards to and from Australia’s emerging offshore blue economy | Turschwell, M. P.; Brown, C.; Lacharite, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | ||
Vulnerability Index to Scale Effects of Offshore Renewable Energy on Marine Mammals and Sea Turtles Off the U.S. West Coast (VIMMS) | Southall, B.; Mazurek, R.; Eriksen, R. | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
Vision paper: Decommissioning offshore windparks in the Belgian part of the North Sea | Van Maele, T.; Desplenter, N.; Van Aken, I.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions | |
Offshore Grid Connection Pathway – Phase 2 | Commission for Regulation of Utilities | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | EMF | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
The rapid expansion of offshore wind farms challenges the reliability of ICES-coordinated fish surveys—insights from the Baltic Sea | Haase, S.; von Dorrien, C.; Kaljuste, O.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
Integrating Bird and Marine Mammal Monitoring into Offshore Wind Energy Development Infrastructure and Operations | Courbis, S.; Etter, H.; Pacini, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Entanglement | Birds, Marine Mammals | |
Longfin squid reproductive behaviours and spawning withstand wind farm pile driving noise | Jones, I.; Schumm, M.; Stanley, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Invertebrates | |
Offshore wind project-level monitoring in the Northeast U.S. continental shelf ecosystem: evaluating the potential to mitigate impacts to long-term scientific surveys | Methratta, E.; Lipsky, A.; Boucher, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF, Habitat Change | Fish, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Residency and habitat use of European lobster (Homarus gammarus) within an offshore wind farm | Thatcher, H.; Stamp, T.; Wilcockson, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Invertebrates | |
Revolution Wind Farm and Revolution Wind Export Cable Project Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) | BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
Diving into a just transition: How are fisheries considered during the emergence of renewable energy production in Scottish waters? | Withouck, I.; Tett, P.; Doran, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Fisheries | ||
Maryland Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan: Appendix II E1 - Essential Fish Habitat Assessment | TRC | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish | ||
Protected species considerations for ocean planning: A case study for offshore wind energy development in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico | Farmer, N.; Garrison, L.; Litz, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
EDEN 2000: Exploring Options For A Nature-Proof Development of Offshore Wind Farms Inside A Natura 2000 Area | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Vanaverbeke, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions | |
Beacon Wind Project: Beacon Wind 1 and Beacon Wind 2 Construction and Operations Plan | AECOM | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
Geospatial dimensions of the renewable energy transition — The importance of prioritisation | Butschek, F.; Peters, J.; Remmers, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Exploring agenda-setting of offshore energy innovations: Niche-regime interactions in Dutch Marine Spatial Planning processes | Kusters, J.; van Kann, F.; Zuidema, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Evaluation of Floating Renewable Energy Potential for Sustainable Energy in Türkiye | Durmaz, B.; ÜÇGÜL, I. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Mapping Environmental Considerations for Marine Spatial Planning in Wales: Methodology | Murray, L.; Bloomfield, H.; Skates, L. | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | ||
Eco-friendly reef restoration pilots in offshore wind farms | Bos, O.; Kamermans, P.; Tonk, L.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions | ||
What are the potential effects of the electromagnetic fields produced by offshore wind farm power cables on marine organisms? | Henry, S.; Carlier, A.; Chauvaud, S.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates | |
Small effect sizes are achievable in offshore wind monitoring surveys | Livermore, J.; Truesdale, C.; Ransier, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Invertebrates | ||
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind South Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
Towards Digital Twins of the Oceans: The Potential of Machine Learning for Monitoring the Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms on Marine Environments | Schneider, J.; Klüner, A.; Zielinski, O. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan for Commercial Lease OCS | Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind, LLC | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement | Bats, Birds, Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Visual Impacts | |
Bluepoint Wind: Semi-Annual Progress Report (November 1, 2022 – April 30, 2023) | Bluepoint Wind | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions | ||
Revolution Wind COP Appendix Y: Fisheries and Benthic Monitoring Plan | INSPIRE Environmental | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
Ocean Wind 1 Construction and Operations Plan | Ocean Wind 1 | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions | |
Offshore Wind Energy and Marine Biodiversity in the North Sea: Life Cycle Impact Assessment for Benthic Communities | Li, C.; Coolen, J.; Scherer, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Physical Environment | |
Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae are attracted by low-frequency noise simulating that of operating offshore wind farms | Cresci, A.; Zhang, G.; Durif, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Noise | Fish, Pelagic Fish | |
Effective Stakeholder Engagement for Offshore Wind Energy Development: The State of New York's Fisheries and Environmental Technical Working Groups | Brunbauer, M.; Press, K.; Williams, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
Ornithological and Marine Fauna Aerial Digital Survey: First Semiannual Report | Normandeau Associates Inc | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | |
European offshore renewable energy, towards a sustainable future | Soukissian, T.; O’Hagan, A-M.; Azzellino, A.; et al. | Report | Marine Energy, Ocean Current, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | |
Comparing Atlantic Cod Temporal Spawning Dynamics across a Biogeographic Boundary: Insights from Passive Acoustic Monitoring | Van Hoeck, R.; Rowell, T.; Dean, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement, Noise | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
Interactive Effects of Climate Change-Induced Range Shifts and Wind Energy Development on Future Economic Conditions of the Atlantic Surfclam Fishery | Stromp, S.; Scheld, A.; Klinck, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
Forage Fish Species Prefer Habitat within Designated Offshore Wind Energy Areas in the U.S. Northeast Shelf Ecosystem | Friedland, K.; Adams, E.; Goetsch, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Pelagic Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
Behavioral effects of sound sources from offshore renewable energy construction on the black sea bass (Centropristis striata) and longfin squid (Doryteuthis pealeii) | Stanley, J.; Caiger, P.; Jones, I.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish | |
Public attitudes of offshore wind energy in Japan: An empirical study using choice experiments | Iwata, K.; Kyoi, S.; Ushifusa, Y. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | ||
Technology Gaps for Marine Mammal Monitoring in Relation to Offshore Wind Development | Courbis, S.; Etter, H.; Pacini, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
An ecosystem-wide approach for assessing the spatialized cumulative effects of local and global changes on coastal ecosystem functioning | Noguès, Q.; Bourdaud, P.; Araignous, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Ecosystem Processes, Fish | ||
Offshore Wind Energy or Domestic Seafood? How the Department of the Interior Can Facilitate Both Through Self-Binding Procedures | Irwin, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy | ||
Monitoring of Marine Life During Offshore Wind Energy Development—Guidelines and Recommendations | Kershaw, F.; Jones, A.; Folsom-O’Keefe, C.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Human Dimensions | ||
Wind Energy Contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals: Case Study on London Array | Olabi, A.; Obaideen, K.; Abdelkareem, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
Constitutional aspects of ecological safety in relation to offshore wind farms in the British and Polish legal systems | Drewek, M.; Tretyn, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Fisheries and Offshore Wind Interactions: Synthesis of Science | Hogan, F.; Hooker, B.; Jensen, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data | ||
Revolution Wind Construction and Operations Plan | Vanasse Hangen Brustlin | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions | ||
Impacts of human activities on the supply of marine ecosystem services: A conceptual model for offshore wind farms to aid quantitative assessments | Van de Pol, L.; Van der Biest, K.; Taelman, S. E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes | |
Stakeholder Engagement in California Offshore Wind: A Summary from CLEE’s 2022 Convenings and a 2023 Outlook | Hoff, K.; Segal, K. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
The Role of Fishery-Independent Bottom Trawl Surveys in Providing Regional and Temporal Context to Offshore Wind Farm Monitoring Studies | Gervelis, B.; Wilber, D.; Brown, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
Long-Term Succession on Offshore Wind Farms and the Role of Species Interactions | Zupan, M.; Rumes, B.; Vanaverbeke, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction | Invertebrates |
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