The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date | Content Type | Technology Sort descending | Stressor | Receptor |
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Predictive mapping of seabirds, pinnipeds and cetaceans off the Pacific Coast of Washington | Menza, C.; Leirness, J.; White, T.; et al. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment | |
National Environmental Policy Act Documentation for Impact-Producing Factors in the Offshore Wind Cumulative Impacts Scenario on the South Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Fisheries, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
Spatial planning offshore wind energy farms in California for mediating fisheries and wildlife conservation impacts | White, C.; Wang, Y-H; Walter, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Entanglement | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Numbers of wildlife fatalities at renewable energy facilities in a targeted development region | Conkling, T.; Fesnock, A.; Katzner, T. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Utilizing high-resolution genetic markers to track population-level exposure of migratory birds to renewable energy development | Harrigan, R.; Rajbhandary, J.; Bossu, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Selecting auditory alerting stimuli for eagles on the basis of auditory evoked potentials | Goller, B.; Baumhardt, P.; Dominguez-Villegas, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Autonomous thermal tracking reveals spatiotemporal patterns of seabird activity relevant to interactions with floating offshore wind facilities | Schneider, S.; Kramer, S.; Bernstein, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds | |
A framework for studying the effects of offshore wind energy development on birds and bats in the Eastern United States | Williams, K.; Gulka, J.; Cook, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Bats, Birds | |
Reproductive success of Horned Lark and McCown's Longspur in relation to wind energy infrastructure | Mahoney, A.; Chalfoun, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Passerines, Birds | |
Wind energy, nest success, and post‐fledging survival of Buteo hawks | Kolar, P.; Bechard, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Raptors, Birds | |
Improving Methods for Estimating Fatality of Birds and Bats at Wind Energy Facilities | Warren-Hicks, W.; Newman, J.; Wolpert, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Bats, Birds | |
Interim Guidelines to Avoid and Minimize Wildlife Impacts from Wind Turbines | US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
A Habitat-Based Wind-Wildlife Collision Model with Application to the Upper Great Plains Region | Forcey, G. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Avoidance, Attraction | Birds, Bats | |
Quantifying the Demographic Cost of Human-Related Mortality to a Raptor Population | Hunt, W.; Wiens, J.; Law, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Raptors, Birds | |
Evaluating Digital VHF Technology to Monitor Shorebird and Seabird Use of Offshore Wind Energy Areas in the Western North Atlantic | Loring, P. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement, Collision | Shorebirds, Seabirds, Birds | |
Opportunistically collected data reveal habitat selection by migrating Whooping Cranes in the US Northern Plains | Niemuth, N.; Ryba, A.; Pearse, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Collision and displacement vulnerability to offshore wind energy infrastructure among marine birds of the Pacific Outer Continental Shelf | Kelsey, E.; Felis, J.; Czapanskiy, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds | |
Behavioral accommodation of nesting hawks to wind turbines | Watson, J.; Keren, I.; Davies, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance | Birds, Raptors | |
Do American Golden-Plovers (Pluvialis dominica) Avoid Wind-energy Turbines in Agricultural Fields in Indiana During Spring Migration? | Homoya, W.; Moore, J.; Ruhl, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance | Shorebirds, Birds | |
Eagle Conservation Plan Guidance: Module 1 Land-based Wind Energy | US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) | Guidance | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Raptors | |
Evaluating a Commercial-Ready Technology for Raptor Detection and Deterrence at a Wind Energy Facility in California | Terrill, S.; Howell, J.; Smith, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Raptors | |
Prioritizing Avian Species for Their Risk of Population Level Consequences from Wind Energy Development | Beston, J.; Diffendorfer, J.; Loss, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Birds | |
Impacts to Birds and Bats Due to Collisions and Electrocutions from Some Tall Structures in the United States: Wires, Towers, Turbines, and Solar Arrays - State of the Art in Addressing the Problems | Manville, A. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction | Birds, Bats | |
Direct Mortality of Birds from Anthropogenic Causes | Loss, S.; Will, T.; Marra, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds | |
Whooping Crane and Sandhill Crane Monitoring at Five Wind Energy Facilities | Derby, C.; Welsch, M.; Thorn, T. | Conference Paper | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Shorebirds | |
Developing an efficient protocol for monitoring eagle fatalities at wind energy facilities | Hallingstad, E.; Rabie, P.; Telander, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Empirical Evidence for Factors Affecting Searcher Efficiency and Scavenging Rates at a Coastal, Terrestrial Wind-Power Facility | Peters, K.; Mizrahi, D.; Allen, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Bats | |
Assessing Bird and Bat Mortality at the Forward Energy Center | Grodsky, S.; Drake, D. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Landscape design: Integrating ecological, social, and economic considerations into conservation planning | Bartuszevige, A.; Taylor, K.; Daniels, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions | |
Assessing bird avoidance of high-contrast lights using a choice test approach: implications for reducing human-induced avian mortality | Goller, B.; Blackwell, B.; DeVault, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Attraction, Avoidance, Lighting | Birds | |
Assessment of Diurnal Wind Turbine Collision Risk for Grassland Birds on the Southern Great Plains | Wulff, S.; Butler, M.; Ballard, W. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Observation of Sandhill Cranes' (Grus canadensis) Flight Behavior in Heavy Fog | Kirsch, E.; Wellik, M.; Suarez, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Assessing spring direct mortality to avifauna from wind energy facilities in the Dakotas | Graff, B.; Jenks, J.; Stafford, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Bats | |
Cumulative Adverse Effects of Offshore Wind Energy Development on Wildlife [Thesis] | Goodale, M. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds | |
Scavenger removal of bird carcasses at simulated wind turbines: Does carcass type matter? | DeVault, T.; Seamans, T.; Linnell, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Birds | |
Golden Eagle Fatalities and the Continental-Scale Consequences of Local Wind-Energy Generation | Katzner, T.; Nelson, D.; Braham, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Raptors, Birds | |
Collision and Displacement Vulnerability Among Marine Birds of the California Current System Associated with Offshore Wind Energy Infrastructure | Adams, J.; Kelsey, E.; Felis, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction | Seabirds, Birds | |
Effects of offshore wind farms on birds: "Cuisinarts of the sky" or just tilting at windmills? | Tingley, M. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction | Seabirds, Passerines, Birds | |
Post‐Construction Bat and Bird Fatality Study at the Blue Sky Green Field Wind Energy Center, Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin: July 21, 2008 – October 31, 2008 and March 15, 2009 – June 4, 2009 | Gruver, J.; Sonnenburg, M.; Bay, K.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Bats | |
Regional Analysis of Wind Turbine-caused Bat and Bird Fatality: Final Report | Drake, D.; Schumacher, S.; Sponsler, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Bats | |
Post-Construction Bird and Bat Mortality Study: Cedar Ridge Wind Farm, Fond Du Lac County, Wisconsin | BHE Environmental Inc | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Predicting Eagle Fatalities at Wind Facilities | Bay, K.; Nasman, K.; Erickson, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Raptors, Birds | |
Spatial Ecology of Female Mule Deer in an Area Proposed for Wind Energy Development | Webb, S.; Dzialak, M.; Houchen, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Terrestrial Mammals | |
Analysis of the Overlap between Priority Greater Sage-Grouse Habitats and Existing and Potential Energy Development Across the West: Final Report | LeBeau, C.; Fruhwirth, J.; Boehrs, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds | |
Greater sage‐grouse male lek counts relative to a wind energy development | LeBeau, C.; Beck, J.; Johnson, G.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds | |
Optimizing Wind Power Generation while Minimizing Wildlife Impacts in an Urban Area | Bohrer, G.; Zhu, K.; Jones, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Birds | |
Night Migrant Fatalities And Obstruction Lighting At Wind Turbines In North America | Kerlinger, P.; Gehring, J.; Erickson, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Lighting, Collision | Birds | |
The Effects of a Large-Scale Wind Farm on Breeding Season Survival of Female Mallards and Blue-Winged Teal in the Prairie Pothole Region | Gue, C.; Walker, J.; Mehl, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Birds | |
Wind Turbines do Not Negatively Affect Nest Success in the Dickcissel (Spiza americana) | Hatchett, W.; Hale, A.; Bennett, V.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Birds | |
Collision Risk and Micro-Avoidance Rates of Birds with Wind Turbines in Flanders | Everaert, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds |
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