The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title Sort descending | Author | Date | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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National Environmental Policy Act Documentation for Impact-Producing Factors in the Offshore Wind Cumulative Impacts Scenario on the South Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Fisheries, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
"We could have been leaders": The rise and fall of offshore wind energy on the political agenda in Ireland | Roux, J-P.; Fitch-Roy, O.; Devine-Wright, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
“After the leases are signed, it's a done deal”: Exploring procedural injustices for utility-scale wind energy planning in the United States | Elmallah, S.; Rand, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
5th ScotMER Symposium: Marine Mammals | Marine Scotland | Presentation | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
6th ScotMER Symposium: Marine Mammals | Marine Scotland | Presentation | Wind Energy | Marine Mammals | ||
A bibliometric review on the implications of renewable offshore marine energy development on marine species | Kulkarni, S.; Edwards, D. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
A comparative insight of Irish and Scottish regulatory frameworks for offshore wind energy – An expert perspective | O'Hanlon, Z.; Cummins, V. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
A Comparison of Offshore Wind Power Development in Europe and the US: Patterns and Drivers of Development | Snyder, B.; Kaiser, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
A Comparison of the European Regulatory Framework for the deployment of Offshore Renewable Energy Project | Moscoloni, C.; Carà, C.; Novo, R.; et al. | Conference Paper | Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
A critical review on environmental impacts of renewable energy systems and mitigation strategies: Wind, hydro, biomass and geothermal | Sayad, E. ; Wilberforce, T.; Elsaid, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Attraction, Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions | |
A Framework for Assessing Ecological and Cumulative Effects (FAECE) of Offshore Wind Farms on Birds, Bats and Marine Mammals in the Southern North Sea | Platteeuw, M.; Bakker, J.; van den Bosch, I.; et al. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Birds, Bats | ||
A framework for decision points to trigger adaptive management actions in long-term incidental take permits | Dalthorp, D.; Huso, M. | Report | Wind Energy | Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
A Framework for Regulating Underwater Noise During Pile Driving | Andersson, M.; Andersson, S.; Ahlsén, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals | |
A Framework for Studying the Effects of Offshore Wind Development on Marine Mammals and Turtles | Kraus, S.; Kenney, R.; Thomas, L. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Reptiles | ||
A Geospatial Analysis of Species of Interest in US Atlantic Wind Energy Areas | O'Brien, B. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals | ||
A network approach to analyse Australia’s blue economy policy and legislative arrangements | Frohlich, M.; Fidelman, P.; Dutton, I.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
A new hybrid approach for evaluating technology risks and opportunities in the energy transition in Ireland | Sharma, T. ; Gallachoir, B.; Rogan, F. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
A new hybrid multi-criteria decision-making approach for location selection of sustainable offshore wind energy stations: A case study | Abdel-Basset, M.; Gamal, A.; Chakrabortty, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions | ||
A pathway for citizen science data to inform policy: A case study using eBird data for defining low-risk collision areas for wind energy development | Ruiz-Gutierrez, V.; Bjerre, E.; Otto, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
A procedure for deriving wind turbine noise limits by taking into account annoyance | Fredianelli, L.; Carpita, S.; Licitra, G. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Noise | Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions | |
A Protocol for Implementing the Interim Population Consequences of Disturbance (PCoD) approach: Quantifying and Assessing the Effects of UK Offshore Renewable Energy Developments on Marine Mammal Populations | Booth, C.; Donovan, C.; King, S.; et al. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Marine Mammals | ||
A Review of Offshore Renewable Energy in South America: Current Status and Future Perspectives | Shadman, M.; Roldan-Carvajal, M.; Pierart, F.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Ocean Current, OTEC, Salinity Gradient, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
A risk-based approach to cumulative effects assessment for large marine ecosystems to support transboundary marine spatial planning: A case study of the yellow sea | Ma, C.; Stelzenmüller, V.; Rehren, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions | ||
A risk-based method to prioritize cumulative impacts assessment on marine biodiversity and research policy for offshore wind farms in France | Brignon, J.; Lejart, M.; Nexer, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
A roadmap towards quantitative cumulative impact assessments: Every step of the way | Piet, G.; Tamis, J.; Volwater, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Noise | Birds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions | |
A scientific study recommends excluding and moving offshore wind farms away from the protected areas in the Mediterranean | Universitat de Barcelona; University of Girona | Magazine Article | Wind Energy | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning, Recreation & Tourism | ||
A Special Purpose: The Migratory Bird Treaty Act and Wind Energy | Rose, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
A strategic policy framework for promoting the marine energy sector in Spain | Vazquez, S.; Astariz, S.; Iglesias, G. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
A strategic regional Marine Mammal Monitoring Programme for assessing the population consequences of constructing the BOWL and MORL Wind Farm Developments | Thompson, P. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance | Marine Mammals | |
A techno-economic and socio-environmental planning of wind farms for sustainable development and transition to a decarbonized scenario: Pakistan as a case study | Shah, M.; Khanum, S.; Waqas, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
A wind of change in Norway: Explaining shifts in municipal stances on wind power by policy feedback and energy justice | Eikeland, P.; Taranger, K.; Inderberg, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
Accelerating Energy Innovation for the Blue Economy | The Economist Intelligence Unit | Report | Marine Energy, OTEC, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
Acceptable Levels of Impact from offshore wind farms on the Dutch Continental Shelf for 21 bird species | Potiek, A.; Ijntema, G.J.; van Kooten, T.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Achieving Blue Growth through Maritime Spatial Planning: Offshore Wind Energy Optimization and Biodiversity Conservation in Spain | Rodríguez-Rodríguez, D.; Malak, D.; Soukissian, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Spatial Planning, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions, Ecosystem Processes | ||
Acoustic ecology of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) between two U.S. offshore wind energy areas | Holdman, A.; Tregenza, N.; Van Parijs, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Displacement, Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Acoustic presence and demographics of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) off southern New England and near a US offshore wind energy area | Westell, A.; Rowell, T.; Posdalijan, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
Adaptive surface distortions for torque ripple control in vertical-axis wind turbines | Erfort, G.; von Backström, T.; Venter, G. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Addressing underwater noise in Europe: Current state of knowledge and future priorities. | Thomsen, F.; Mendes, S.; Bertucci, F.; et al. | Book | Wind Energy | Noise | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Adopting a Wider Ecosystem Approach for Fisheries Management | Hawkins, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Advancing Offshore Wind Energy in the U.S | Christopher, T.; Davis, M.; Flemma, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Advancing the Environmentally Responsible Development of Offshore Wind Energy in New York State: A Regulatory Review and Stakeholder Perceptions | New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
Adverse environmental impacts of wind farm installations and alternative research pathways to their mitigation | Chowdhury, N.; Shakib, M.; Xu, F.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions | ||
Agent-based models to investigate sound impact on marine animals: bridging the gap between effects on individual behaviour and population level consequences | Mortensen, L.; Chudzinska, M.; Slabbekoorn, H.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Aligning marine spatial conservation priorities with functional connectivity across maritime jurisdictions | Maina, J.; Gamoyo, M.; Adams, V.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
An Analysis of the Potential Acoustic Effects of Cape Wind's Offshore Wind Farm on Marine Mammal Populations | Burgman, J. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
An ecosystem-based natural capital evaluation framework that combines environmental and socio-economic implications of offshore renewable energy developments | Trifonova, N.; Scott, B.; Griffin, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
An Evaluation of the Potential Impact of Extracting Marine Renewable Energy in the Coastal Environment of the Black Sea | Zburlea, L.; Rusu, E. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | |
An integrated conceptual model to characterize the effects of offshore wind farms on ecosystem services | Baulaz, Y.; Mouchet, M.; Niquil, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | |
An Integrated Risk Framework for Gigawatt-Scale Deployments of Renewable Energy: The U.S. Wind Energy Case | Ram, B. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions | ||
An interim framework for assessing the population consequences of disturbance | King, S.; Schick, R.; Donovan, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans |
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