The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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Environmental impacts from large scale offshore renewable energy deployment | Ouro, P.; Fernandez, R; Armstrong, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport | |
Red rock crab (Cancer productus) movement is not influenced by electromagnetic fields produced by a submarine power transmission cable | Williams, J.; Jaco, E.; Scholz, Z.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | EMF | Invertebrates | |
Effects of anthropogenic magnetic fields on the behavior of a major predator of the intertidal and subtidal zones, the velvet crab Necora puber | Albert, L.; Olivier, F.; Jolivet, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | EMF | Invertebrates | |
Towards understanding environmental and cumulative impacts of floating wind farms: Lessons learned from the fixed-bottom offshore wind farms | Rezaei, F.; Contestabile, P; Vicinanza, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates | |
Effect of electromagnetic fields from renewable energy subsea power cables on righting reflex and physiological response of coastal invertebrates | Chapman, E.; Rochas, C.; Piper, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Invertebrates | |
What are the potential effects of the electromagnetic fields produced by offshore wind farm power cables on marine organisms? | Henry, S.; Carlier, A.; Chauvaud, S.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates | |
Revolution Wind COP Appendix Q1: Offshore Electric- and Magnetic- Field Assessment | Exponent Inc. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions | |
Environmental Effects of U.S. Offshore Wind Energy Development: Compilation of Educational Research Briefs | SEER | Summary | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles | |
Powering Healthy Seas: Accelerating Nature Positive Offshore Wind | Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Offshore Wind Priority Conflict Topics for Marine Mammals and Birds | Courbis, S.; Pacini, A.; Williams, K.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | EMF, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds | |
Do magnetic fields related to submarine power cables affect the functioning of a common bivalve? | Jakubowska-Lehrmann, M.; Białowąs, M.; Otremba, Z.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Invertebrates | |
Electromagnetic Field Effects on Marine Life | SEER | Summary | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates | |
Environmental Compatibility of the Parc Tramuntana Offshore Wind Project in Relation to Marine Ecosystems | Diez-Caballero, K.; Troiteiro, S.; Garcia-Alba, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Supplemental Data Regarding the Behavioral Response of Rock Crabs to the EMF of Subsea Cables and Potential Impact to Fisheries | Williams, J.; Jaco, E.; Scholz, Z.; et al. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | EMF | Invertebrates | |
Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) from Submarine Power Cables Can Trigger Strength-Dependent Behavioural and Physiological Responses in Edible Crab, Cancer pagurus (L.) | Scott, K.; Harsanyi, P.; Easton, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Invertebrates | |
A call to assess the impacts of electromagnetic fields from subsea cables on the movement ecology of marine migrants | Klimley, A.; Putnam, N.; Keller, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates | |
Characterisation of the Potential Impacts of Subsea Power Cables Associated with Offshore Renewable Energy Projects | Taormina, B.; Quillienn, N.; Lejart, M.; et al. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF, Habitat Change | Physical Environment, Fish, Invertebrates | |
State of the Science Workshop on Offshore Wind and Wildlife 2020: Cumulative Impacts | New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) | Presentation | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles | |
A modelling evaluation of electromagnetic fields emitted by buried subsea power cables and encountered by marine animals: considerations for marine renewable energy development | Hutchison, Z.; Gill, A.; Sigray, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates | |
South Fork Wind Farm Construction and Operations Plan | Ørsted; Eversource | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | |
The Interaction Between Resource Species and Electromagnetic Fields Associated with Electricity Production by Offshore Wind Farms | Hutchison, Z.; Secor, D.; Gill, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates | |
Potential impacts of submarine power cables from marine renewable energy projects on benthic communities | Taormina, B. | Thesis | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Guidance document on wind energy developments and EU nature legislation | European Commission | Guidance | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | |
SEER Factsheet | SEER | Summary | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | |
Impact of magnetic fields generated by AC/DC submarine power cables on the behavior of juvenile European lobster (Homarus gammarus) | Taormina, B.; Di Poi, C.; Agnalt, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | EMF | Invertebrates, Legal & Policy | |
Effect of low frequency electromagnetic field on the behavior and bioenergetics of the polychaete Hediste diversicolor | Jakubowska, M.; Urban-Malinga, B.; Otremba, Z.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Invertebrates | |
Evaluation of Potential EMF Effects on Fish Species of Commercial or Recreational Fishing Importance in Southern New England | Snyder, D.; Bailey, W.; Palmquist, K.; et al. | Report | Marine Energy | Attraction, Avoidance, EMF | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Wildlife and Wind Farms - Conflicts and Solutions, Volume 3. Offshore: Potential Effects | Perrow, M. | Book | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Block Island Wind Farm Lobster Ventless Trap Survey | Griffin, M.; Carey, D. | Presentation | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates | |
Assessing potential impacts of energized submarine power cables on crab harvests | Love, M.; Nishimoto, M.; Clark, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | EMF | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Guidelines For Environmental Impact Studies On Marine Biodiversity For Offshore Windfarm Projects In The Baltic Sea Region | Baltic Environmental Forum – Latvia | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Noise | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Potential Impact of Submarine Power Cables on Crab Harvest | Bull, A.; Nishimoto, M. | Conference Paper | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, EMF | Invertebrates | |
Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of Offshore Wind and Marine Renewable Energy in Northern Ireland | Department of Enterprise, Trade and Investment | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Passerines, Seabirds, Waterfowl, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Reptiles, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts | |
Environmental Assessment of Offshore Wind Power Generation near Rhode Island: Acoustic and Electromagnetic Effects on Marine Animals | Miller, J.; Potty, G.; Raposa, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF, Noise | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
COWRIE 1.5 The Potential Effects of Electromagnetic Fields Generated by Sub-Sea Power Cables Associated with Offshore Wind Farm Developments on Electrically and Magnetically Sensitive Marine Organisms - A Review | Gill, A.; Gloyne-Philips, I.; Neal, K.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Effects of Marine Windfarms on the Distribution of Fish, Shellfish and Marine Mammals in the Horns Rev Area | Hoffmann, E.; Astrup, J.; Larsen, F.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise, Habitat Change, EMF, Avoidance, Attraction | Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals, Invertebrates, Fish |
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