The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spatial planning offshore wind energy farms in California for mediating fisheries and wildlife conservation impacts | White, C.; Wang, Y-H; Walter, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Entanglement | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Commercial Wind Lease Issuance and Site Assessment Activities on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Offshore Maine | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM); US Department of the Interior (DOI) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment, Water Quality, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Stakeholder Engagement | |
Environmental DNA for monitoring the impact of offshore wind farms on fish and invertebrate community structures | Cornelis, I.; De Backer, A.; Maes, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates | |
Trends in greater sage-grouse lek counts relative to existing wind energy development in Wyoming | Smith, K.; LeBeau, C.; Hoskovec, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Displacement | Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds | |
Making eco-sustainable floating offshore wind farms: Siting, mitigations, and compensations | Danovaro, R.; Bianchelli, S.; Brambilla, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
The Potential Environmental Impacts of Floating Offshore Wind in California | California Ocean Science Trust | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Distribution of common pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) activity is altered by airflow disruption generated by wind turbines | Leroux, C.; Barre, K.; Valet, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance | Bats | |
Will future wind power development in Scandinavia have an impact on wolves? | Miltz, C.; Eriksen, A.; Wikenros, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Displacement, Habitat Change | Terrestrial Mammals | |
A framework for studying the effects of offshore wind energy development on birds and bats in the Eastern United States | Williams, K.; Gulka, J.; Cook, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Bats, Birds | |
A new method for quantifying redistribution of seabirds within operational offshore wind farms finds no evidence of within-wind farm displacement | Trinder, M.; O'Brien, S.; Deimel, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Displacement | Seabirds | |
Toward solving the global green–green dilemma between wind energy production and bat conservation | Voigt, C.; Bernard, E.; Huang, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Bats | |
A review on the interactions between engineering and marine life: key information for engineering professionals | Dobson, T.; Lenchine, V.; Bainbridge, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
What level of monitoring is enough to detect displacement effects of offshore wind farms? | Hall, R.; Black, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement | Birds, Seabirds | |
Settlement success of European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) on different types of hard substrate to support reef development in offshore wind farms | ter Hofstede, R.; Witte, S.; Kamermans, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Invertebrates | |
Behavioural responses of Sandwich terns following the construction of offshore wind farms | Thaxter, C.; Green, R.; Collier, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds | |
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Progressive Insights in Changing Species Distribution Patterns Informing Marine Management | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
A synthesis review of nature positive approaches and coexistence in the offshore wind industry | Pardo, J.; Aune, M.; Harman, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
How far are birds, bats, and terrestrial mammals displaced from onshore wind power development? – A systematic review | Tolvanen, A.; Routavaara, H.; Jokikokko, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Displacement | Bats, Birds, Terrestrial Mammals | |
Automatic classification of biofouling images from offshore renewable energy structures using deep learning | Signor, J.; Schoefs, F.; Quillienn, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Attraction | Invertebrates | ||
Impact of hydrodynamics on community structure and metabolic production of marine biofouling formed in a highly energetic estuary | Portas, A.; Carriot, N.; Ortalo-Magne, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Attraction | Invertebrates | ||
Towards understanding environmental and cumulative impacts of floating wind farms: Lessons learned from the fixed-bottom offshore wind farms | Rezaei, F.; Contestabile, P; Vicinanza, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates | |
Residency and habitat use of European lobster (Homarus gammarus) within an offshore wind farm | Thatcher, H.; Stamp, T.; Wilcockson, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Invertebrates | |
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan for Commercial Lease OCS | Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind, LLC | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement | Bats, Birds, Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Visual Impacts | |
2023 North American State of the Bats Report | Bat Conservation International | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision | Bats | |
Large-scale effects of offshore wind farms on seabirds of high conservation concern | Garthe, S.; Schwemmer, H.; Peschko, V.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
An integrated conceptual model to characterize the effects of offshore wind farms on ecosystem services | Baulaz, Y.; Mouchet, M.; Niquil, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | |
An ecological risk assessment for the impacts of offshore wind farms on birds in Australia | Reid, K.; Baker, G.; Woehler, E. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Passerines, Seabirds | |
Drivers of bat activity at wind turbines advocate for mitigating bat exposure using multicriteria algorithm-based curtailment | Barre, K.; Froidevaux, J.; Sotillo, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Collision, Habitat Change | Bats | |
Spatial Trade-Offs in National Land-Based Wind Power Production in Times of Biodiversity and Climate Crises | Grimsrud, K.; Hagem, C.; Haaskjold, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Displacement, Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Climate Change | |
A framework for improving treatment of uncertainty in offshore wind assessments for protected marine birds | Searle, K.; O'Brien, S.; Jones, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds | |
Opportunistic Offshore Sighting of a Tricolored Bat (Perimyotis subflavus) | Bort Thornton, J.; Richlen, M.; McDonald, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Displacement, Habitat Change | Bats | |
Long-Term Succession on Offshore Wind Farms and the Role of Species Interactions | Zupan, M.; Rumes, B.; Vanaverbeke, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction | Invertebrates | |
EU Species Protection Law and Wind Energy: Current Challenges and Danish Experiences | Anker, H.; Olsen, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Human Dimensions, Climate Change | |
Interdisciplinary analysis of wind energy - a focus on France | Kinani, K.; Meunier, S.; Vido, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
Wind-energy development alters pronghorn migration at multiple scales | Milliganm M.; Johnston, A.; Beck, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Displacement | Terrestrial Mammals | |
Literature Review on Barrier Effects, Ghost Fishing, and Electromagnetic Fields for Floating Windfarms | Williamson, L. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Displacement, EMF, Entanglement | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Ecosystem Benefits of Floating Offshore Wind | Haberlin, D.; Cohuo, A.; Doyle, T. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Proceedings of the 14th Wind-Wildlife Research Meeting | Johnson, K. | Report | Wind Energy | Collision, Displacement | Human Dimensions, Climate Change | |
Low-Carbon, Nature-Inclusive Concrete Gravity-Based Foundations for Offshore Wind Turbines | Fried, S.; Ozkan, D.; Halldén, K.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | |
International assessment of priority environmental issues for land-based and offshore wind energy development | Green, R.; Gill, E.; Hein, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | |
National-scale impacts on wind energy production under curtailment scenarios to reduce bat fatalities | Maclaurin, G.; Hein, C.; Williams, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement | Bats, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | |
Future environmental scenarios for offshore wind expansion | Still, D.; Pacitto, S.; Miller, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Powering Healthy Seas: Accelerating Nature Positive Offshore Wind | Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Reviewing the ecological impacts of offshore wind farms | Galparsoro, I.; Menchaca, I.; Garmendia, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates | |
The Potential Compatibility of Designating Offshore Wind Farms within Wider Marine Protected Areas—Conservation of the Chinese White Dolphin Regarding Fishers’ Perception | Jhan, H-T.; Lee, H-T.; Ting, K-H. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Distance to hedgerows drives local repulsion and attraction of wind turbines on bats: Implications for spatial siting | Leroux, C.; Kerbiriou, C.; Le Viol, I.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change | Bats | |
Maryland Offshore Wind Project: Offshore Bat Monitoring and Detections | ESS Group, LLC | Report | Wind Energy | Displacement | Bats | |
Conceptualisation of multiple impacts interacting in the marine environment using marine infrastructure as an example | Komyakova, V.; Jaffrés, J.; Strain, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Attraction | Invertebrates | |
Offshore wind farms contribute to epibenthic biodiversity in the North Sea | ter Hofstede, R.; Driessen, F.; Elzinga, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction | Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment | |
Study to Examine how Seabird Collision Risk, Displacement and Barrier Effects Could be Integrated for Assessment of Offshore Wind Developments | Searle, K.; Butler, A.; Mobbs, D.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds |
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