The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Land-Based Wind Energy Guidelines | US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) | Guidance | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Terrestrial Mammals, Human Dimensions | |
Greater impacts of wind farms on bird populations during construction than subsequent operation: results of a multi-site and multi-species analysis | Pearce-Higgins, J.; Stephen, L.; Douse, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance | Birds | |
Putting Aeolus to work without the death toll: federal wind farm siting guidelines can mitigate avian and Chiropteran mortality | Mensing, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Raptors | |
Griffon Vulture Mortality at Wind Farms in Southern Spain: Distribution of Fatalities and Active Mitigation Measures | de Lucas, M.; Ferrer, M.; Bechard, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change, Collision, Avoidance | Raptors, Birds | |
How do diurnal long-distance migrants select flight altitude in relation to wind? | Mateos-Rodriguez, M.; Liechti, F. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Shorebirds, Raptors, Passerines, Birds | |
Evidence of Latitudinal Migration in Tri-colored Bats, Perimyotis subflavus | Fraser, E.; McGuire, L.; Eger, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Bats | |
Avian Collision Mortality at 50- and 60- m Guyed Towers in Central California | Kerlinger, P.; Guarnaccia, J.; Hasch, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Passerines | |
A Forensic Investigation Into the Etiology of Bat Mortality at a Wind Farm: Barotrauma or Traumatic Injury? | Rollins, K.; Meyerholz, D.; Johnson, G.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats | |
Female Agassizs Desert Tortoise Activity at a Wind Energy Facility in Southern California: The Influence of an El Nino Event | Ennen, J.; Meyer, K.; Lovich, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | ||
The prosecutor's vulture: inconsistent MBTA prosecution, its clash with wind farms, and how to fix it | Brunner, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Birds | |
Habitat Use, Disturbance and Collision Risks for Bewick's Swans Cygnus columbianus bewickii Wintering Near a Wind Farm in the Netherlands | Fijn, R.; Krijgsveld, K.; Tijsen, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Waterfowl | |
Mortality at wind-farms is positively related to large-scale distribution and aggregation in griffon vultures | Carrete, M.; Sanchez-Zapata, J.; Benitez, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change, Collision | Raptors, Birds | |
Have we all gone batty? The need for a better balance between the conservation of protected species and the development of clean renewable energy | Householder, L. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Human Dimensions, Climate Change | |
Raptors in Bosnia and Herzegovina - their status and perspectives for monitoring development | Kotrosan, D.; Hatibovic, E. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Birds, Raptors | ||
Model-Based Estimation of Collision Risks of Predatory Birds with Wind Turbines | Eichhorn, M.; Johst, K.; Seppelt, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Raptors, Birds | |
Reduced Breeding Success in White-Tailed Eagles at Smøla windfarm, Western Norway, is Caused by Mortality and Displacement | Dahl, E.; Bevanger, K.; Nygård, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision | Raptors, Birds | |
Life cycle assessment of two different 2 MW class wind turbines | Guezuraga, B.; Zauner, R.; Polz, W. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Life Cycle Assessment, Human Dimensions | ||
Comparative life cycle energy, emission, and economic analysis of 100 kW nameplate wind power generation | Kabir, M.; Rooke, B.; Dassanayake, G.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment | ||
Habitat use, disturbance and collision risk for Bewick’s Swans Cygnus columbianus bewickii wintering near a wind farm in the Netherlands | Fijn, R.; Krijgsveld, K.; Tijsen, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Waterfowl | |
Enhancing Carcass Removal Trials at Three Wind Energy Facilities in Portugal | Bernardino, J.; Bispo, R.; Torres, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Bats | |
Autumn migration of soaring birds through the Gebel El Zeit Important Bird Area (IBA), Egypt, threatened by wind farm projects | Hilgerloh, G.; Michalik, A.; Raddatz, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Birds | ||
Keeping the West Wild: Conservation and Rapid Energy Development | Fargione, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Passerines, Environmental Justice, Legal & Policy | |
Additional Evidence for Barotrauma as a Cause of Bat Mortality at Wind Farms | Brownlee, S.; Whidden, H. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Bats | ||
A new method to determine bird and bat fatality at wind energy turbines from carcass searches | Korner-Nievergelt, F.; Korner-Nievergelt, P.; Behr, O.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change, Collision | Birds, Bats | |
Potential impacts of energy development on shrublands in western North America | Pocewicz, A.; Copeland, H.; Kiesecker, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | ||
Effects of wind farms and food scarcity on a large scavenging bird species following an epidemic of bovine spongiform encephalopathy | Martinez-Abrain, A.; Tavecchia, G.; Regan, H.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Displacement, Collision, Avoidance | Raptors, Ecosystem Processes, Birds | |
Using echolocation monitoring to model bat occupancy and inform mitigations at wind energy facilities | Weller, T.; Baldwin, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change, Collision | Bats | |
Development by Design: Mitigating Wind Development's Impacts on Wildlife in Kansas | Obermeyer, B.; Manes, R.; Kiesecker, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions | ||
Investigating the Causes of Death for Wind Turbine-Associated Bat Fatalities | Grodsky, S.; Behr, M.; Gendler, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats | |
Health Effects and Wind Turbines: A Review of the Literature | Knopper, L.; Ollson, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Noise | Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions | |
GIS-based wind farm site selection using spatial multi-criteria analysis (SMCA): Evaluating the case for New York State | van Haaren, R.; Fthenakis, V. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Birds | |
Dogs as a Tool to Improve Bird-Strike Mortality Estimates at Wind Farms | Paula, J.; Leal, M.; Silva, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Displacement, Collision | Birds | |
Patterns of activity and fatality of migratory bats at a wind energy facility in Alberta, Canada | Baerwald, E.; Barclay, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change, Collision | Bats | |
Turtles and Culverts, and Alternative Energy Development: An Unreported but Potentially Significant Mortality Threat to the Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) | Lovich, J.; Ennen, J.; Madrak, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change, Entanglement | Reptiles | |
Assessing Avian-Wind Turbine Collision Risk: An Approach Angle Dependent Model | Holmstrom, L.; Hamer, T.; Colclazier, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Effects of wind energy production on growth, demography, and survivorship of a desert tortoise population in Southern California with comparisons to natural populations | Lovich, J.; Ennen, J.; Madrak, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Reptiles | |
Seasonal and Geographic Trends in Acoustic Detection of Tree-Roosting Bats | Johnson, J.; Watrous, K.; Giumarro, G.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Bats | ||
Social Barriers to Renewable Energy Landscapes | Pasqualetti, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions | ||
Effects of Weather on Avian Migration at Proposed Ridgeline Wind Energy Sites | Thomas, P.; Labrosse, A.; Pomeroy, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Displacement, Collision | Raptors, Birds | |
Wind turbines as landscape impediments to the migratory connectivity of bats | Cryan, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Collision | Bats | |
Characteristics of Soaring Birds' Spring Migration over Inland SE Bulgaria | Shurulinkov, P.; Daskalova, G.; Chakarov, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Shorebirds, Raptors, Birds | ||
Flight Height Distribution and Collision Risk of the Marbled Murrelet Brachyramphus Marmoratus: Methodology and Preliminary Results | Stumpf, J.; Denis, N.; Hamer, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Wind turbines in tourism landscapes: Czech experience | Frantal, B.; Kunc, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism, Visual Impacts | ||
Insect Attraction to Wind Turbines: Does Colour Play a Role? | Long, C.; Flint, J.; Lepper, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction | Invertebrates, Birds, Bats | |
Integrating Effects of Supplementary Feeding, Poisoning, Pollutant Ingestion and Wind Farms of Two Vulture Species in Spain using a Population Viability Analysis | Garcia-Ripolles, C.; Lopez, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Chemicals | Raptors, Birds | |
Developing and Applying a GIS-Assisted Approach to Evaluate Visual Impact in Wind Farms | Molina-Ruiz, J.; Martínez-Sánchez, M.; Pérez-Sirvent, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | ||
Wind Power Compensation is not for the Birds: An Opinion from an Environmental Economist | Cole, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Raptors, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Birds | ||
Changes in the Abundance and Distribution of Upland Breeding Birds at an Operational Wind Farm | Douglas, D.; Bellamy, P.; Pearce-Higgins, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change, Displacement | Shorebirds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds | |
Post construction monitoring of wind farms: First records of direct impact on bats in Italy | Ferri, V.; Locasciulli, O.; Soccini, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats | |
Demography of Female Greater Prairie-Chickens in Unfragmented Grasslands in Kansas | Augustine, J.; Sandercock, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds |
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