The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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A synthetic analysis of post-construction displacement and attraction of marine birds at offshore wind energy installations | Lamb, J.; Gulka, J.; Adams, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Displacement | Birds | |
Assessing environmental impacts of offshore wind farms: lessons learned and recommendations for the future | Rahman, F.; Kumar, P. | Conference Paper | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Chemicals, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment | |
Integrated Environmental & Social Sensitivity Mapping: Guidance for Early Offshore Wind Spatial Planning | World Bank Group | Guidance | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Recreation & Tourism | ||
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind South Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) for Commercial Wind Lease OCS-A 0499 | Sullivan, K. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | ||
Fisheries independent surveys in a new era of offshore wind energy development | Lipsky, A.; Silva, A.; Gilmour, F.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
Environmental impacts from large-scale offshore renewable-energy deployment | Ouro, P.; Fernandez, R.; Armstrong, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport | |
A framework for studying the effects of offshore wind energy development on birds and bats in the Eastern United States | Williams, K.; Gulka, J.; Cook, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Bats, Birds | |
Final Environmental Assessment for Additional Site Assessment Activities on Beacon Wind, LLC’s Renewable Energy Lease OCS-A 0527 | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
A review on the interactions between engineering and marine life: key information for engineering professionals | Dobson, T.; Lenchine, V.; Bainbridge, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Primary vs grey: A critical evaluation of literature sources used to assess the impacts of offshore wind farms | Szostek, C.; Edwards-Jones, A.; Beaumont, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions | |
Drivers of flight altitude during nocturnal bird migration over the North Sea and implications for offshore wind energy | Bradaric, M.; Kranstauber, B.; Bouten, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement | Birds | |
Mapping seabird vulnerability to offshore wind farms in Norwegian waters | Fauchald, P.; Ollus, V.; Ballesteros, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds | ||
The global impact of offshore wind farms on ecosystem services | Watson, S.; Somerfield, P.; Lemasson, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | ||
Ecological indicators to monitor offshore wind interactions with fisheries resources | Methratta, E. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
Evaluation of offshore wind energy diffusion in long-term scenarios in the Colombian Caribbean | Valencia, M.; Arango-Aramburo, S.; Osorio, A. | Presentation | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
A synthesis of socioeconomic and sociocultural indicators for assessing the impacts of offshore renewable energy on fishery participants and fishing communities | Willis-Norton, E.; Mangin, T.; Schroeder, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Displacement | Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data | |
Cumulative effects of offshore wind farms on common guillemots (Uria aalge) in the southern North Sea - climate versus biodiversity? | Peschko, V.; Schwemmer, H.; Mercker, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance | Birds, Seabirds | |
Assessing areas suitable for offshore wind energy considering potential risk to breeding seabirds in northern Japan | Obane, H.; Kazama, K.; Hashimoto, H.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Potential Impacts of Offshore Wind on the Marine Ecosystem and Associated Species: Background and Issues for Congress | Keating-Bitoni, C.; Marshak, A.; Comay, L.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Fish, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
Behavioural responses of Sandwich terns following the construction of offshore wind farms | Thaxter, C.; Green, R.; Collier, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds | |
To what extent can decommissioning options for marine artificial structures move us toward environmental targets? | Knights, A.; Lemasson, A.; Firth, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
An Eulerian perspective on habitat models of striped bass occurrence in an offshore wind development area | Rothermel, E.; O'Brien, M.; Best, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Displacement | Fish, Pelagic Fish | |
The effect of offshore wind farms on the variation of the phytoplankton population | Kordan, M.; Yakan, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
Co-location of fisheries and offshore wind farms: Current practices and enabling conditions in the North Sea | Bonsu, P.; Letschert, J.; Yates, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Progressive Insights in Changing Species Distribution Patterns Informing Marine Management | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Assessment of Technology Gaps for Statistically Robust Data and Integration of Monitoring of Birds and Marine Mammals into Equipment and Operations of Offshore Windfarms | Schultz, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals | ||
Ecosystem indicators: predicting population responses to combined climate and anthropogenic changes in shallow seas | Trifonova, N.; Scott, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Overlap between the Mid-Atlantic Bight Cold Pool and offshore wind lease areas | Horwitz, R.; Miles, T.; Munroe, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
A synthesis review of nature positive approaches and coexistence in the offshore wind industry | Pardo, J.; Aune, M.; Harman, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Decommissioning of offshore wind farms and its impact on benthic ecology | Spielmann, V.; Dannheim, J.; Brey, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
European plaice movements show evidence of high residency, site fidelity, and feeding around hard substrates within an offshore wind farm | Buyse, J.; Reubens, J.; Hostens, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction | Fish, Demersal Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Quick scan of cumulative impacts on the North Sea biodiversity: with a focus on selected species in relation to future developments in offshore wind energy | Jongbloed, R.; Tamis, J.; van der Wal, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Fish, Human Dimensions | ||
Impact of geophysical and geotechnical site investigation surveys on fish and shellfish | Duffy, O.; Chumbinho, R.; Coca, I.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Avoidance of offshore wind farms by Sandwich Terns in the North Sea increases with turbine density | van Bemmelen, R.; Leemans, J.; Collier, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance | Birds, Seabirds | |
Understanding seabird behaviour at sea part 2: improved estimates of collision risk model parameters | Cook, A.; Thaxter, C.; Davies, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Strategic study of collision risk for birds on migration and further development of the stochastic collision risk modelling tool | Woodward, I.; Franks, S.; Bowgen, K.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Seabird tagging feasibility for the Sectoral Marine Plan for Offshore Wind Energy | Cook, A.; Pollock, C.; Bogdanova, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Multispecies blue justice and energy transition conflict: examining challenges and possibilities for synergy between low-carbon energy and justice for humans and nonhuman nature | Tafon, R.; Saunders, F.; Pikner, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Legal & Policy | ||
Ornithological and Marine Fauna Aerial Digital Survey: First Annual Report | Normandeau Associates Inc | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
Consideration of avoidance behaviour of northern gannet (Morus bassanus) in collision risk modelling for offshore wind farm impact assessments (NECR512) | Pavat, D.; Harker, A.; Humphries, G.; et al. | Guidance | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Towards understanding environmental and cumulative impacts of floating wind farms: Lessons learned from the fixed-bottom offshore wind farms | Rezaei, F.; Contestabile, P; Vicinanza, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates | |
Vision paper: Decommissioning offshore windparks in the Belgian part of the North Sea | Van Maele, T.; Desplenter, N.; Van Aken, I.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions | |
Offshore Grid Connection Pathway – Phase 2 | Commission for Regulation of Utilities | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
The rapid expansion of offshore wind farms challenges the reliability of ICES-coordinated fish surveys—insights from the Baltic Sea | Haase, S.; von Dorrien, C.; Kaljuste, O.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
FINAL Information Needed for Issuance of a Notice of Intent (NOI) Under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) for a Construction and Operations Plan (COP) | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Guidance | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Integrating Bird and Marine Mammal Monitoring into Offshore Wind Energy Development Infrastructure and Operations | Courbis, S.; Etter, H.; Pacini, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Entanglement | Birds, Marine Mammals | |
Cumulative effects of offshore renewables: From pragmatic policies to holistic marine spatial planning tools | Declerck, M.; Trifonova, N.; Hartley, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Diving into a just transition: How are fisheries considered during the emergence of renewable energy production in Scottish waters? | Withouck, I.; Tett, P.; Doran, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Fisheries | ||
Revolution Wind Farm and Revolution Wind Export Cable Project Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) | BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
EDEN 2000: Exploring Options For A Nature-Proof Development of Offshore Wind Farms Inside A Natura 2000 Area | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Vanaverbeke, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries |
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