The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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Wind Turbines and Birds The Erie Shores Wind Farm Experience: Breeding Bird Surveys | James, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Birds | |
FISHING GEAR–RELATED INJURY IN CALIFORNIA MARINE WILDLIFE | Kaplan Dau, B.; Gilardi, K.V.K.; Gulland, F.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Entanglement | Birds, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds | |
Pile Driving Zone of Responsiveness Extends Beyond 20 km for Harbour Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena (L.)) | Tougaard, J.; Carstensen, J.; Teilmann, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Observations of Seabirds at Offshore Wind Turbines near Blyth in Northeast England | Rothery, P.; Newton, I.; Little, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Impact of Wind Power Plants on Black Grouse, Lyrurus tetrix in Alpine Regions | Zeiler, H.; Grunschachner-Berger, V. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds | |
Positive Planning for Onshore Wind Expanding Onshore Wind Energy Capacity while Conserving Nature | Bowyer, C.; Baldock, D.; Tucker, G.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Ecosystem Processes | ||
Determining Night-Time Distribution of Long-Tailed Ducks Using Satellite Telemetry | Allison, T.; Perkins, S.; Perry, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Waterfowl | ||
Communication Towers, Lights, and Birds: Successful Methods of Reducing the Frequency of Avian Collisions | Gehring, J.; Kerlinger, P.; Manville, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Lighting | Bats, Birds, Fish | |
Collision Avoidance of Golden Eagles at Wind Farms Under the 'Band' Collision Risk Model | Whitfield, D. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Raptors, Birds | ||
It's Not Easy Being Green: Wind Energy and a Declining Grassland Bird | Pruett, C.; Patten, M.; Wolfe, D. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change, Avoidance | Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds | |
Characteristics of Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) Habitat in Northern California | Golightly, R.; Hamilton, C.; Hebert, P. | Report | Birds, Seabirds | |||
Guidelines for Assessing the Potential Impacts to Birds and Bats from Wind Energy Development in Northern Arizona and the Southern Colorado Plateau | Lynn, J.; Auberle, W. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Birds, Bats | ||
Using probability of occurrence to assess potential interaction between wind farms and a residual population of golden eagle Aquila chrysaetos in NW Spain | Tapia, L.; Dominguez, J.; Rodriguez, L. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Raptors | |
The Monitoring of the Wintering Geese in the "Sveti Nikola" Territory and the Kaliakra Region in Winter 2008/2009 | Zehtindjiev, P.; Gash, M.; Evans, T.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Birds | ||
Saint Nikola Wind Farm: 2009 Breeding Bird Survey | Zehtindjiev, P. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Birds | ||
Breathe of Life: Ethical Wind Power and Wildlife | Loder, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Bats, Terrestrial Mammals | ||
Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: State of the Art After Two Years of Environmental Monitoring | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions | |
Speaking up: Killer whales (Orcinus orca) increase their call amplitude in response to vessel noise | Holt, M.; Noren, D.; Veirs, V.; et al. | Journal Article | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Navigation | ||
Underwater Noise From Three Types Of Offshore Wind Turbines: Estimation Of Impact Zones For Harbor Porpoises And Harbor Seals | Tougaard, J.; Henriksen, O.; Miller, L. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds | |
Impacts of Wind Farms on Birds: A Review | Powlesland, R. | Report | Wind Energy | Habitat Change | Birds | |
Vessel Noise Effects On Delphinid Communication | Jensen, F.; Bejder, L.; Wahlberg, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | ||
Development of a method for the automatic quantification of bird migration in the area of ​​offshore wind farms and the barrier effect of the technical systems for bird migration using fast fixed beam radar | Neumann, R.; Kube, J.; Liechti, F.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy | Birds | ||
The State of the Birds United States of America 2009 | North American Bird Conservation Initiative | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Birds, Seabirds, Waterfowl | ||
Guidance note: Guidance on Methods for Monitoring Bird Populations at Onshore Wind Farms | Scottish Natural Heritage | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Birds | ||
An Ecological Risk Assessment of Wind Energy Development in Montana | Martin, B.; Pearson, A.; Bauer, B. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Birds, Bats | ||
Resolving Fine-Scale Spatio-Temporal Dynamics in the Harbour Porpoise Phocoena phocoena | Skov, H.; Thomsen, F. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
Measurement of Wind Turbine Construction Noise at Horns Rev II | Betke, K. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Scientific Review of California Guidelines for Reducing Impacts to Birds and Bats from Wind Energy Development | Hicks, W.; Newman, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Bats, Birds | ||
Pre- and Post-Construction Studies of Conflicts Between Birds and Wind Turbines in Coastal Norway: Progress Report 2008 | Bevanger, K.; Clausen, S.; Dahl, E.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy | Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Raptors, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl | ||
Wind Power in Wyoming: Doing it Smart from the Start | Molvar, E. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Bats, Birds | ||
Biological Study Report West Ridge Wind Energy Project | Gerhardt, R.; Gritski, R.; Luginbuhl, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Raptors, Birds | ||
Underwater Detection of Tonal Signals Between 0.125 and 100 kHz by Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) | Kastelein, R.; Wensveen, P.; Hoek, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Noise | Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals | ||
Wind Power, Wildlife, and the Migratory Bird Treaty Act: A Way Forward | Lilley, M.; Firestone, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Birds | ||
Characterizing the Relative Contributions of Large Vessels to Total Ocean Noise Fields: A Case Study Using the Gerry E. Studds Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary | Hatch, L.; Clark, C.; Merrick, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | ||
Animal Behavioral Adaptation to Changing Landscapes: Spring-Staging Geese Habituate to Wind Farms | Madsen, J.; Boertmann, D. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Waterfowl | |
The Relation Between Birds and Wind Turbines and Other Aerial Obstacles - A Literature Survey | Nygård, T.; Bevanger, K.; Reitan, O. | Report | Wind Energy | Birds | ||
Minimal effects of wind turbines on the distribution of wintering farmland birds | Devereux, C.; Denny, M.; Whittingham, M. | Journal Article | Land-Based Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Birds | |
At-Sea Distribution and Movements of Nesting and Non-Nesting Marbled Murrelets Brachyramphus marmoratus in Northern California | Hebert, P.; Golightly, R. | Journal Article | Birds, Seabirds | |||
Endangered Fish and Wildlife; Final Rule To Implement Speed Restrictions to Reduce the Threat of Ship Collisions With North Atlantic Right Whales | National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) | Guidance | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Navigation | |||
Avian and Bat Protection Plan: Iberdrola Renewables | Iberdrola Renewables | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Raptors | |
Collision Fatality of Raptors in Wind Farms does not Depend on Raptor Abundance | de Lucas, M.; Janss, G.; Whitfield, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision, Avoidance | Raptors, Birds | |
The use of 'ecological risk' for assessing effects of human activities: an example including eutrophication and offshore wind farm construction in the North Sea | Nunneri, C.; Lenhart, H.; Burkhard, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions | ||
Whale Entanglements With Submarine Telecommunication Cables | Wood, M.; Carter, L. | Journal Article | Marine Energy | Entanglement | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Horns Rev II Offshore Wind Farm Monitoring of Migrating Waterbirds | Piper, W.; Kulik, G.; Durinck, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Waterfowl | |
Biological Study Plan East Ridge Wind Energy Project | Gerhardt, R.; Luginbuhl, J.; Gritski, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Raptors, Birds | ||
Spatial Overlap of Wind Farms on Peatland with Sensitive Areas for Birds | Bright, J.; Langston, R.; Pearce-Higgins, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Birds | |
Fouling Assemblages on Offshore Wind Power Plants and Adjacent Substrata | Wilhelmsson, D.; Malm, T. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates | |
Automatic Identification of Bird Targets with Radar via Patterns Produced by Wing Flapping | Zaugg, S.; Saporta, G.; van Loon, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Birds | |||
Map of Bird Sensitivities to Wind Farms in Scotland: A Tool to Aid Planning and Conservation | Bright, J.; Langston, R.; Bullman, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision | Birds | |
Horns Rev II Offshore Wind Farm Monitoring of Resting Waterbirds | Skov, H.; Piper, W.; Leonhard, S. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Seabirds, Birds |
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