Abstract
Significant investment in wind energy has been planned on a global scale. While the extent and rate of the development of this sector raises challenges for the industry, with careful planning the needs of society could be met through wind energy without developing in areas where significant environmental damage could occur. This paper will focus on the potential to avoid impacts of wind farm developments on avian fauna through strategic planning, site selection, environmental impact assessment, mitigation (including shut-down-on-demand) and collaboration to help the industry achieve ecological sustainability. We will focus on the work of BirdLife International and the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, and draw on case studies from research by these two organisations within the European context. While much data exists to guide planning and siting of wind farms, better collaboration between developers, national and local governments, consultants, and Non-Government Organisations is needed in order to share data and increase the degree to which it is incorporated into planning decisions.