Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Effect of wind energy development on breeding duck densities in the Prairie Pothole Region Loesch, C.; Walker, J.; Reynolds, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Displacement Waterfowl, Birds
Identifying migrant waterfowl and waterbird stopovers to inform wind energy development siting within Saginaw Bay Monfils, M.; Gehring, J. Report Wind Energy Collision, Displacement Birds, Waterfowl, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
The avian and wildlife costs of fossil fuels and nuclear power Sovacool, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision Birds, Bats
Assessment of bat and avian mortality at a pilot wind turbine at Coega, Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape, South Africa Doty, A.; Martin, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Bird and Bat Collision Risks & Wind Energy Facilities Willmott, J.; Allison Costello, E.; Gordon, C.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Bats, Birds
Regional Analysis of Wind Turbine-caused Bat and Bird Fatality: Final Report Drake, D.; Schumacher, S.; Sponsler, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats
A Preliminary Overview of Monitoring for Raptors in Sweden Hellstrom, P.; Helander, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
An Overview of Monitoring for Raptors in Bulgaria Spasov, S.; Arkumarev, V.; Dobrev, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision Birds
Strategic Joint Industry Project No.1: Bird avoidance behavior and collision impact monitoring at Offshore Windfarms Marine Scotland Science; Scottish Government; UK Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC); et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds
Horns Rev 2 Offshore Wind Farm Bird Monitoring Program 2010-2012 Skov, H.; Leonhard, S.; Heinänen, S.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Collision, Avoidance Birds
Evaluation of the DTBird Video-System at the Smøla Wind-Power Plant: Detection Capabilities for Capturing Near-Turbine Avian Behaviour May, R.; Hamre, Ø.; Vang, R.; et al. Report Wind Energy Collision Birds
Using Wind Tunnels to Predict Bird Mortality in Wind Farms: The Case of Griffon Vultures de Lucas, M.; Ferrer, M.; Janss, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Acoustic Monitoring Techniques for Avian Detection and Classification Mirzaei, G.; Majid, M.; Ross, J.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Analysis of the Argyll Array Turbine Layout Iterations in Relation to Ornithological Constraints Bullman, R.; Shaylon, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Bird-Community Shifts in Relation to Wind Farms: A Case Study Comparing a Wind Farm, Croplands, and Secondary Forests in Southern Mexico Villegas-Patraca, R.; Macgregor-Fors, I.; Ortiz-Martinez, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Birds
Avian and Bat Protection Plan Including Bird and Bat Conservation Strategies and an Eagle Conservation Plan: New Era Wind Project Westwood Professional Services Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Searchlight Wind Energy Project Bird and Bat Conservation Strategy Tetra Tech Inc. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Bird Migration Monitoring in the AES Geo Power Wind Park Territory, Kaliakra Region, in Autumn 2012, and Analysis of Potential Impact after Three Years' Operation Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision, Avoidance Birds
Impacts of wind farms on swans and geese: a review Rees, E. Journal Article Wind Energy Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
Wind development and wildlife mitigation in Wyoming: a primer Jakle, A. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Bats, Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Passerines, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Guidelines for Reducing Impacts to Wildlife from Wind Energy Development in Arizona Arizona Game and Fish Department Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Modelled Sensitivity of Avian Collision Rate at Wind Turbines Varies with Number of Hours of Flight Activity Input Data Douglas, D.; Follestad, A.; Langston, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Spatial Distribution of Wind Turbines is Crucial for the Survival of Red Kite Populations Schaub, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
The impact of a central Apennine wind-farm Forconi, P.; Fusari, M.; Appiotti, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Turbine Height as a Management Tool for Collision Risk to Birds at Offshore Wind Farms Davies, I.; Band, B. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Direct human-caused mortality of birds: improving quantification of magnitude and assessment of population impact Loss, S.; Will, T.; Marra, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision Birds
Baseline investigations of bats and birds at wind turbine test Centre Asterild Therkildsen, O.; Elmeros, M.; Kahlert, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds, Bats
Impact of wind turbines on birds: a case study from Gujarat, India Kumar, S.; Ali, A.; Arun, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Some Clouds Have a Silver Lining: Paradoxes of Anthropogenic Perturbations from Study Cases on Long-Lived Social Birds Oro, D.; Jimenez, J.; Curco, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds
A Habitat-Based Wind-Wildlife Collision Model with Application to the Upper Great Plains Region Forcey, G. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds, Bats
Radar Monitoring of Migrating Pink-Footed Geese: Behavioural Responses to Offshore Wind Farm Development Plonczkier, P.; Simms, I. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Avoidance Birds
Scavenger removal: Bird and bat carcass persistence in a tropical wind farm Villegas-Patraca, R.; Macias-Sanchez, S.; Macgregor-Fors, I.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats
The Effect of Wind Power on Birds and Bats - A Synthesis Rydell, J.; Engstrom, H.; Hedenstrom, A.; et al. Report Wind Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Topography drives migratory flight altitude of golden eagles: implications for on-shore wind energy development Katzner, T.; Brandes, D.; Miller, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision Birds
Wind and Wildlife in the Northern Great Plains: Identifying Low-Impact Areas for Wind Development Fargione, J.; Kiesecker, J.; Slaats, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Visual Fields, Foraging and Collision Vulnerability in Gyps Vultures Martin, G.; Portugal, S.; Murn, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Raptors, Birds
Using a Shore Bird (Red Knot) Fitted with Geolocators to Evaluate a Conceptual Risk Model Focusing on Offshore Wind Burger, J.; Niles, L.; Porter, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Shorebirds, Birds
Avian and Bat Protection Plan for the Buckeye Wind Power Project Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Nesting Success of Scissor-Tailed Flycatchers (Tyrannus forficatus) at a Wind Farm in Northern Texas Rubenstahl, T.; Hale, A.; Karsten, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Passerines, Birds
Seabirds & Offshore Wind Farms Monitoring Results 2011 Vanermen, N.; Stienen, E.; Onkelinx, T.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Collision Birds
Cumulative Effects of Wind Farms in the Dutch North Sea on Bird Populations Poot, M.; van Horssen, P.; Collier, M.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds
Assessing the Impact of Marine Wind Farms on Birds through Movement Modelling Masden, E.; Reeve, R.; Desholm, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds
A Review of Flight Heights and Avoidance Rates of Birds in Relation to Offshore Wind Farms Cook, A.; Johnson, A.; Wright, L.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Avoidance Birds
Development of a Cost Minimizing Strategy to Mitigate Bird Mortalities in a Wind Farm Singh, K. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Pre-Construction Avian and Bat Survey Report Tetra Tech Inc. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Physical Environment
Testing an Emerging Paradigm in Migration Ecology Shows Surprising Differences in Efficiency between Flight Modes Duerr, A.; Miller, T.; Lanzone, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
An Estimate of Avian Mortality at Communication Towers in the United States and Canada Longcore, T.; Rich, C.; Mineau, P.; et al. Journal Article Collision Birds
Biglow Canyon Wind Farm – Phase III - Year 1 Avian and Bat Monitoring Report Enk, T.; Bay, K.; Sonnenberg, M.; et al. Report Collision Bats, Birds
2011 Post-Construction Monitoring Study Criterion Wind Project Garrett County, Maryland Young, D.; Lout, M.; Courage, Z.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats
Research Priorities for Wind Energy and Migratory Wildlife Piorkowski, M.; Farnsworth, A.; Fry, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Displacement, Collision, Avoidance Birds, Bats

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