Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box. Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Burbo Offshore Wind Farm Volume 2: ES Biological Environment The University of Liverpool Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Invertebrates, Fish
Ormonde Offshore Wind Farm 2010 Construction Environmental Monitoring Report Saunders, S. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Noise Birds, Waterfowl, Marine Mammals
Burbo Bank Extension Offshore Wind Farm Volume 2: ES Biological Environment DONG Energy Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds
Argyll Array Windfarm Basking Shark Draft Chapter for Environmental Statement Booth, C., King, S., Lacey, C. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Collision Marine Mammals
Harbour Porpoises in the Southern North Sea - Analysis of Potential Influences of Alpha Ventus in the Context of General Distribution Trends Gilles, A., Dähne, M., Peschko, V. Presentation Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Marine Mammals
Underwater Radiated Noise Due to the Piling for the Q7 Offshore Wind Park de Jong, C., Ainslie, M. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
COWRIE 1.5 The Potential Effects of Electromagnetic Fields Generated by Sub-Sea Power Cables Associated with Offshore Wind Farm Developments on Electrically and Magnetically Sensitive Marine Organisms - A Review Gill, A., Gloyne-Philips, I., Neal, K. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind EMF Marine Mammals, Invertebrates, Fish
Towards an Environmentally Sound Offshore Wind Energy Deployment Verfuß, U. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fish, Birds
High Resolution Video Survey of Seabirds and Mammals in the Rhyl Flats Area Hexter, R. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Birds
Impacts of Offshore Wind Farm Construction on Harbour Porpoises: Acoustic Monitoring of Echolocation Activity using Porpoise Detectors (T-PODs) Carstensen, J., Henriksen, O., Teilmann, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Updated Summary of Knowledge: Selected Areas of the Pacific Coast Kaplan, B., Beegle-Krause, C., McCay, D. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Human Dimensions
Monitoring and Researching Ecological Effects of Dutch Offshore Wind Farms Boon, A., ter Hofstede, R., Klok, C. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fish, Birds, Bats
Measurement of Wind Turbine Construction Noise at Horns Rev II Betke, K. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: State of the Art After Two Years of Environmental Monitoring Degraer, S., Brabant, R. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Invertebrates, Fish, Ecosystem Processes, Birds
Ocean Noise: Turn it down - A report on ocean noise pollution McKenna, C., International Fund for Animal Welfare Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
Potential Impacts to Predator-Prey Relationships as a Result of the Proposed Cape Wind Project in Nantucket Sound ESS Group Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Fish, Ecosystem Processes, Birds
Review of Environmental Data Associated with Post-Consent Monitoring of Licence Conditions of Offshore Wind Farms Marine Management Organisation Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Invertebrates, Fish, Ecosystem Processes, Birds
Wind Turbine Underwater Noise and Marine Mammals: Implications of Current Knowledge and Data Needs Madsen, P., Wahlberg, M., Tougaard, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Assessment of the Marine Renewables Industry in Relation to Marine Mammals: Synthesis of Work Undertaken by the ICES Working Group on Marine Mammal Ecology (WGMME) Murphy, S., Tougaard, J., Wilson, B. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Interactions Between Seals and Offshore Wind Farms McConnell, B., Lonergan, M., Dietz, R. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals
Measuring responses of harbour seals to potential aversive acoustic mitigation signals using controlled exposure behavioural response studies Gordon, J., Blight, C., Bryant, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Marking a Decade of Monitoring, Research and Innovation Degraer, S., Brabant, R., Rumes, B. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Chemicals, Noise Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Improving visual biodiversity assessments of motile fauna in turbid aquatic environments Jones, R., Griffin, R., Rees, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Use of Deterrent Devices and Improvements to Standard Mitigation during Piling Herschel, A., Stephenson, S., Sparling, C. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise, Attraction Marine Mammals
Use of Deterrent Devices and Improvements to Standard Mitigation during Piling - Research Summary Herschel, A., Stephenson, S., Sparling, C. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise, Attraction Marine Mammals
Joint Statutory Nature Conservation Bodies Position Statement: ORJIP Project 4, Stage 1 of Phase 2 Statutory Nature Conservation Bodies (SNCB) Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise, Attraction Marine Mammals
Safeguarding Marine Protected Areas in the Growing Mediterranean Blue Economy: Recommendations for the Offshore Wind Energy Sector WWF France Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Lighting, Noise Birds, Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
PHAROS4MPAs: A Review of Solutions to Avoid and Mitigate Environmental Impacts of Offshore Windfarms Defingou, M., Bils, F., Horchler, B. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Retrospective and Outlook for an Environmentally Sound Development of Offshore Wind Energy Lüdeke, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Impulsive noise pollution in the Northeast Atlantic: Reported activity during 2015–2017 Merchant, N., Andersson, M., Box, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Improving understanding of bottlenose dolphin movements along the east coast of Scotland (Interim Report 2019) Arso Civil, M., Louis, M., Hague, E. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Offshore Wind Farms and Marine Mammals: Impacts and Methodologies for Assessing Impacts Evans, P. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Potential Impacts of Ocean Energy Development on Marine Mammals in Oregon Davis, A. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Porpoises North of Sprogø Before, During and After Construction of an Offshore Wind Farm Tougaard, J., Carstensen, J. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals
Scroby Sands Seal Monitoring: Analysis of the 2005 Post-Construction Aerial Surveys Skeate, E., Perrow, M. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals
Mid-Atlantic Marine Wildlife Surveys, Modeling, and Data: Workshop to Establish Coordination & Communication Brown-Saracino, J., Smith, C., Gilman, P. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Reptiles, Marine Mammals, Birds
Marine Renewable Energy: A Global Review of the Extent of Marine Renewable Energy Developments, the Developing Technologies and Possible Conservation Implications for Cetaceans James, V. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Negative Long Term Effects on Harbour Porpoises from a Large Scale Offshore Wind Farm in the Baltic - Evidence of Slow Recovery Teilmann, J., Carstensen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Early Environmental Impact Assessment and Spatio-Temporal Variability Degraer, S., Brabant, R., Rumes, B. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fish, Environmental Impact Assessment, Birds
Offshore Wind Farms and the Environment: Danish Experiences from Horns Rev and Nysted Danish Energy Authority Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Seabirds, Marine Spatial Planning, Marine Mammals, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fish, Birds
Localization of Southern Resident Killer Whales Using Two Star Arrays to Support Marine Renewable Energy Ren, H., Deng, Z., Carlson, T. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Robin Rigg Offshore Wind Farm Marine Environmental Monitoring Plan (MEMP): Ecological Analysis Data Wells, R., Shenton, S. Presentation Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Waterfowl, Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Invertebrates, Fish, Birds
Risks to Birds and Wildlife from Offshore Wind Farms: BOEMRE NC Task Force Peterson, C. Presentation Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Reptiles, Marine Mammals, Birds, Bats
Modelling of Noise Effects of Operational Offshore Wind Turbines Including Noise Transmission Through Various Foundation Types Marmo, B., Roberts, I., Buckingham, M. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals, Fish, Demersal Fish
Modelling Harbour Porpoise Seasonal Density as a Function of the German Bight Environment: Implications for Management Gilles, A., Adler, S., Kaschner, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Marine Mammals
Summary on Seal Monitoring 1999-2005 around Nysted and Horns Rev Offshore Wind Farms Teilmann, J., Tougaard, J., Carstensen, J. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals
Summary on Harbour Porpoise Monitoring 1999-2006 around Nysted and Horns Rev Offshore Wind Farms Teilmann, J., Tougaard, J., Carstensen, J. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise, Habitat Change Marine Mammals
Statutory Nature Conservation Agency Protocol for Minimising the Risk of Injury to Marine Mammals from Piling Noise Joint Nature Conservation Committee Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Assessment of the Potential for Acoustic Deterrents to Mitigate the Impact on Marine Mammals of Underwater Noise Arising from the Construction of Offshore Windfarms Gordon, J., Thompson, D., Gillespie, D. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Approaches to Marine Mammal Monitoring at Marine Renewable Energy Developments Macleod, K., Du Fresne, S., Mackey, B. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Marine Mammals

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