Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box. Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Enabling Renewable Energy While Protecting Wildlife: An Ecological Risk-Based Approach to Wind Energy Development Using Ecosystem-Based Management Values Copping, A., Gorton, A., May, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Community Acceptance of Wind Energy Developments: Experience from Wind Energy Scarce Regions in Europe Leiren, M., Aakre, S., Linnerud, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Boosting Blue Growth in a Mild Sea: Analysis of the Synergies Produced by a Multi-Purpose Offshore Installation in the Northern Adriatic, Italy Zanuttigh, B., Angelelli, E., Bellotti, G. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
A Conceptual Model to Determine Vulnerability of Wildlife Populations to Offshore Wind Energy Development Goodale, M., Stenhouse, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions
Ecosystem service tradeoff analysis reveals the value of marine spatial planning for multiple ocean uses White, C., Halpern, B., Kappel, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Social & Economic Data, Marine Spatial Planning, Human Dimensions
Guidelines for Consideration of Bats in Environmental Impact Assessment of Wind Farms in Brazil: A Collaborative Governance Experience from Rio Grande Do Sul State Bernard, E., Pereira, M., Barros, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Monitoring fisheries resources at offshore wind farms: BACI vs. BAG designs Methratta, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
NEPA Review of Offshore Wind Farms: Ensuring Emission Reduction Benefits Outweigh Visual Impacts Bisbee, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Will Communities "Open-Up" to Offshore Wind? Lessons Learned from New England Islands in the United States Klain, S., Satterfield, T., MacDonald, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Evaluating the Visual Impact of an Offshore Wind Farm Maslov, N., Claramunt, C., Wang, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Visual Impacts, Human Dimensions
Integrating Wind Turbines and Fish Farms: An Evaluation of Potential Risks to Marine and Coastal Bird Species Benjamins, S., Masden, E., Collu, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Preliminary Results: Exploring Why Some Families Living in Proximity to Wind Turbine Facilities Contemplate Vacating Their Homes—A Community-Based Study Krogh, C., McMurtry, R., Dumbrille, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions
The politics of Estonia's offshore wind energy programme: Discourse, power and marine spatial planning Tafon, R., Howarth, D., Griggs, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Globalization in the wind energy industry: contribution and economic impact of European companies Lacal-Arántegui, R. Journal Article Wind Energy Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Floating offshore wind - Economic and ecological challenges of a TLP solution Kausche, M., Adam, F., Dahlhaus, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Science in support of ecologically sound decommissioning strategies for offshore man-made structures: taking stock of current knowledge and considering future challenges Birchenough, S., Degraer, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Steel forests or smoke stacks: the politics of visualisation in the Cape Wind controversy Phadke, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Combined Exploitation of Offshore Wind and Wave Energy in the Italian Seas: A Spatial Planning Approach Azzellino, A., Lanfredi, C., Riefolo, L. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Evaluation of Quality of Life of Those Living near a Wind Farm Mroczek, B., Banas, J., Machowsa-Szewczyk, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Optimal strategies for wind turbine environmental curtailment Rogers, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions
The Impacts of Chinese Wind Farms on Climate Sun, H., Luo, Y., Zhao, Z. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Climate Change
Windmill Noise Annoyance, Visual Aesthetics, and Attitudes towards Renewable Energy Sources Klaeboe, R., Sundfor, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
A structured indicator pool to operationalize expert-based ecosystem service assessments for marine spatial planning von Thenen, M., Frederiksen, P., Hansen, H. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Determination of Acoustic Compliance of Wind Farms Cooper, S., Chan, C. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Ground-Level Climate at a Peatland Wind Farm in Scotland is Affected by Wind Turbine Operation Armstrong, A., Burton, R., Lee, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Climate Change
A Model for Disentangling Dependencies and Impacts among Human Activities and Marine Ecosystem Services Bryhn, A., Kraufvelin, P., Bergström, U. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Understanding community benefit payments from renewable energy development Kerr, S., Johnson, K., Weir, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Local voices on renewable energy projects: the performative role of the regulatory process for major offshore infrastructure in England and Wales Rydin, Y., Natarajan, L., Lee, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
The Effect of Wind Power Installations on Coastal Tourism Lilley, M., Firestone, J., Kempton, W. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism
The environmental impact of wind turbine blade Liu, P., Barlow, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Wind Turbine Noise and Sleep: Pilot Studies on the Influence of Noise Characteristics Morsing, J., Smith, M., Ogren, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Life Cycle Analysis of Ecological Impacts of an Offshore and a Land-Based Wind Power Plant Piasecka, I., Tomporowski, A., Flizikowski, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Life Cycle Assessment, Human Dimensions
Life Cycle Environmental Impact of Onshore and Offshore Wind Farms in Texas Chipindula, J., Botlaguduru, V., Du, H. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
The use of 'ecological risk' for assessing effects of human activities: an example including eutrophication and offshore wind farm construction in the North Sea Nunneri, C., Lenhart, H., Burkhard, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions
A strategic policy framework for promoting the marine energy sector in Spain Vazquez, S., Astariz, S., Iglesias, G. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Integrating oceans into climate policy: Any green new deal needs a splash of blue Dundas, S., Levine, A., Lewison, R. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy
Onshore wind and the likelihood of planning acceptance: Learning from a Great Britain context Harper, M., Anderson, B., James, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Valuing the visual impact of wind farms: A calculus method for synthesizing choice experiments studies Wen, C., Dallimer, M., Carver, S. Journal Article Wind Energy Visual Impacts, Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Health Effects Related to Wind Turbine Noise Exposure: A Systematic Review Schmidt, J., Klokker, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Aligning marine spatial conservation priorities with functional connectivity across maritime jurisdictions Maina, J., Gamoyo, M., Adams, V. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
The Muillean Gaoithe and the Melin Wynt: Cultural sustainability and community owned wind energy schemes in Gaelic and Welsh speaking communities in the United Kingdom Haf, S., Parkhill, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Stakeholder empowerment through participatory planning practices: The case of electricity transmission lines in France and Norway Späth, L., Scolobig, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Stakeholder Engagement, Human Dimensions
Integration of marine research results into a maritime spatial plan for Lithuania Mileriene, R., Blažauskas, N., Gulbinskas, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Marine Spatial Planning, Human Dimensions
Adaptive marine spatial planning in the Netherlands sector of the North Sea de Vrees, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Who influences windpower licensing decisions in Norway? Formal requirements and informal practices Inderberg, T., Rognstad, H., Saglie, I. Journal Article Wind Energy Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
The integrated offshore grid in Europe: Exploring challenges for regional energy governance Dedecca, J., Hakvoort, R., Herder, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
The Influence Of Large-Scale Wind Power On Global Climate Keith, D., DeCarolis, J., Denkenberger, D. Journal Article Wind Energy Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Climate Change
Cautions on using the Before-After-Control-Impact design in environmental effects monitoring programs Smokorowski, K., Randall, R. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Effects of Offshore Wind Farms on Marine Wildlife - A Generalized Impact Assessment Bergström, L., Kautsky, L., Malm, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
The biodiversity-wind energy-land use nexus in a global biodiversity hotspot Kati, V., Kassara, C., Vrontisi, Z. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data

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