The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of Offshore Wind and Marine Renewable Energy in Northern Ireland | Department of Enterprise, Trade and Investment | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Passerines, Seabirds, Waterfowl, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Reptiles, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts | |
Novel Application and Validation of a Method to Assess Visual Impacts of Rotating Wind Turbine Blades Within Woodland Areas | Nopp-Mayr, U.; Kunz, F.; Suppan, F.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Avoidance, Collision | Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Visual Impacts | |
Evaluating receiver contributions to acoustic positional telemetry: a case study on Atlantic cod around wind turbines in the North Sea | van der Knaap, I.; Slabbekoorn, H.; Winter, H.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change | Fish, Pelagic Fish | |
Are magnetic and electromagnetic fields of anthropogenic origin potential threats to early life stages of fish? | Fey, D.; Jakubowska, M.; Greszkiewicz, M.; et al. | Journal Article | EMF | Pelagic Fish, Fish | ||
Land-Based Wind Energy Siting: A Foundational and Technical Resource | Christol, C.; Oteri, F.; Laurienti, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts | |
Draft Preliminary Environmental Assessment: Vandenberg Offshore Wind Energy Projects | California State Lands Commission | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Visual Impacts | |
Better utilisation and transparency of bird data collected by powerline companies | Kettel, E.; Thaxter, C.; Oppel, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, EMF, Habitat Change | Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
South Fork Wind Farm and South Fork Export Cable Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Wind Energy | EMF | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Terrestrial Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
The Interaction of Pelagic, Migratory and Protected Fishes with Marine Renewable Energy Projects: Recent Studies and Knowledge Gaps | Nelson, P. | Presentation | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Avoidance, EMF, Habitat Change | Fish, Pelagic Fish | |
A two-fold increase in migration distance does not have breeding consequences in a long-distance migratory seabird with high flight costs | Dufour, P.; Wojczulanis-Jakubas, K.; Lavergne, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Avoidance, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Magnetic fields generated by submarine power cables have a negligible effect on the swimming behavior of Atlantic lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) juveniles | Durif, C.; Nyqvist, D.; Taormina, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | |
Seabird distribution in 3D: assessing risk from offshore wind energy generation | Schatz Energy Research Center | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement | |
Commercial Wind Lease and Grant Issuance and Site Assessment Activities on the Pacific Outer Continental Shelf Humboldt Wind Energy Area, California | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM); BOEM Environmental Studies Program | Report | Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
GPS tracking data can document wind turbine interactions: Evidence from a GPS-tagged Eurasian curlew | Jiguet, F.; Schwemmer, P.; Rousseau, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance | Bats, Birds, Shorebirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Wind development and wildlife mitigation in Wyoming: a primer | Jakle, A. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Bats, Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Passerines, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Site wind right: Identifying low-impact wind development areas in the Central United States | Hise, C.; Obermeyer, B.; Ahlering, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Effects of an Electric Field on White Sharks: In Situ Testing of an Electric Deterrent | Huveneers, C.; Rogers, P.; Semmens, J.; et al. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
Offshore wind project-level monitoring in the Northeast U.S. continental shelf ecosystem: evaluating the potential to mitigate impacts to long-term scientific surveys | Methratta, E.; Lipsky, A.; Boucher, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF, Habitat Change | Fish, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
An Eulerian perspective on habitat models of striped bass occurrence in an offshore wind development area | Rothermel, E.; O'Brien, M.; Best, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Displacement | Fish, Pelagic Fish | |
Guía Para la Evaluación de Impactos Ambientales de Centrales Eólicas de Generación de Energía Electrica | Servicio de Evaluación Ambiental de Chile | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Use of High Resolution Sonar for Near-Turbine Fish Observations (DIDSON) - WeSea 2007-002 | Couperus, B.; Winter, E.; van Keeken, O.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Avoidance | Pelagic Fish, Fish | |
Burbo Offshore Wind Farm Construction Phase Environmental Monitoring Report | Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies Ltd (CMACS) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, EMF, Noise | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Using Medaka Embryos as a Model System to Study Biological Effects of the Electromagnetic Fields on Development and Behavior | Lee, W.; Yang, K. | Journal Article | EMF | Pelagic Fish, Fish | ||
Rearing in a Distorted Magnetic Field Disrupts the 'Map Sense' of Juvenile Steelhead Trout | Putman, N.; Meinke, A.; Noakes, D. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of 50 Hz 1 mT electromagnetic field on larval rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Baltic clam (Limecola balthica) and common ragworm (Hediste diversicolor) | Stankevičiūtė, M.; Jakubowska, M.; Pažusienė, J.; et al. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates | ||
Aversive responses of captive sandbar sharks Carcharhinus plumbeus to strong magnetic fields | Siegenthaler, A.; Niemantsverdriet, P.; Laterveer, M.; et al. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
Map-like use of Earth’s magnetic field in sharks | Keller, B.; Putnam, N.; Grubbs, R.; et al. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
Setting the Context for Offshore Wind Development Effects on Fish and Fisheries | Gill, A.; Degraer, S.; Lipsky, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement | |
Magnetic field effect on melanophores of the European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus (Linnaeus, 1758) and vendace Coregonus albula (Linnaeus, 1758) (Salmonidae) during early embryogenesis | Brysiewicz, A.; Formicki, K.; Tański, A.; et al. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
Insight into shark magnetic field perception from empirical observations | Anderson, J.; Clegg, T.; Veras, L.; et al. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
Effect of Modified Magnetic Field on the Ocean Migration of Maturing Chum Salmon, Oncorhynchus keta | Yano, A.; Ogura, M.; Sato, A.; et al. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
Information Needs to Support Environmental Impact Assessments of the Effects of European Marine Offshore Wind Farms on Birds | Fox, A.; Desholm, M.; Kahlert, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Magnetic Orientation and Magnetoreception in Birds and Other Animals | Wiltschko, R.; Wiltschko, W. | Journal Article | EMF | Birds, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Reptiles | ||
Effects on Birds of an Offshore Wind Park at Horns Rev: Environmental Impact Assessment | Noer, H.; Christensen, T.; Clausager, I.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Raptors, Seabirds, Waterfowl, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
An Inherited Magnetic Map Guides Ocean Navigation in Juvenile Pacific Salmon | Putman, N.; Scanlan, M.; Billman, E.; et al. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
Geomagnetic Imprinting: A Unifying Hypothesis of Long-Distance Natal Homing in Salmon and Sea Turtles | Lohmann, K.; Putman, N.; Lohmann, C. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish, Reptiles | ||
Evidence for Geomagnetic Imprinting as a Homing Mechanism in Pacific Salmon | Putman, N.; Lohmann, K.; Putman, E.; et al. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
Behaviour Of Trout (Salmo Trutta L.) Larvae And Fry In A Constant Magnetic Field | Formicki, K.; Sadowski, M.; Tański, A.; et al. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
Evaluation of Potential EMF Effects on Fish Species of Commercial or Recreational Fishing Importance in Southern New England | Snyder, D.; Bailey, W.; Palmquist, K.; et al. | Report | Marine Energy | Attraction, Avoidance, EMF | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Electroreception in marine fishes: chondrichthyans | Newton, K.; Gill, A.; Kajiura, S. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
The effect of magnetic fields on the activity of proteinases and glycosidases in the intestine of the crucian carp Carassius carassius | Kuz'mina, V.; Ushakova, N.; Krylov, V. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
Magnetite defines a vertebrate magnetoreceptor | Diebel, C.; Proksch, R.; Green, C.; et al. | Magazine Article | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
Vineyard Wind 1 Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Large-scale effects of offshore wind farms on seabirds of high conservation concern | Garthe, S.; Schwemmer, H.; Peschko, V.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Deepwater Wind Block Island Environmental Assessment and Statement of Findings | US Army Corps of Engineers | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Displacement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Behavioral responses by migrating juvenile salmonids to a subsea high-voltage DC power cable | Wyman, M.; Klimley, A.; Battleson, R.; et al. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
Environmental Impact Assessment and Life Cycle Assessment for a Deep Water Floating Offshore Wind Turbine on the Brazilian Continental Shelf | de Paula, L.; Carmo, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Life Cycle Assessment | |
Magnetic fields generated by the DC cables of offshore wind farms have no effect on spatial distribution or swimming behavior of lesser sandeel larvae (Ammodytes marinus) | Cresci, A.; Perrichon, P.; Durif, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish |
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