The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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Avoidance of offshore wind farms by Sandwich Terns in the North Sea increases with turbine density | van Bemmelen, R.; Leemans, J.; Collier, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance | Birds, Seabirds | |
Understanding seabird behaviour at sea part 2: improved estimates of collision risk model parameters | Cook, A.; Thaxter, C.; Davies, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Strategic study of collision risk for birds on migration and further development of the stochastic collision risk modelling tool | Woodward, I.; Franks, S.; Bowgen, K.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Seabird tagging feasibility for the Sectoral Marine Plan for Offshore Wind Energy | Cook, A.; Pollock, C.; Bogdanova, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Multispecies blue justice and energy transition conflict: examining challenges and possibilities for synergy between low-carbon energy and justice for humans and nonhuman nature | Tafon, R.; Saunders, F.; Pikner, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Legal & Policy | ||
Environmental life cycle assessment of a novel offshore wind energy design project: A United States based case study | Moussavi, S.; Barutha, P.; Dvorak, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Life Cycle Assessment, Social & Economic Data | ||
United States offshore wind energy atlas: availability, potential, and economic insights based on wind speeds at different altitudes and thresholds and policy-informed exclusions | von Krauland, A-K.; Long, Q.; Enevoldsen, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
A wind of change in Norway: Explaining shifts in municipal stances on wind power by policy feedback and energy justice | Eikeland, P.; Taranger, K.; Inderberg, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
A risk-based approach to cumulative effects assessment for large marine ecosystems to support transboundary marine spatial planning: A case study of the yellow sea | Ma, C.; Stelzenmüller, V.; Rehren, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions | ||
Integration criteria of offshore wind farms in the landscape: Viewpoints of local inhabitants | Gkeka-Serpetsidaki, P.; Tsoutsos, T. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | ||
Do recent renewable energy policy changes in Ireland satisfy the requirements of a nascent wave energy technology development sector? | Barry, C.; Ringwood, J. | Conference Paper | Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
A Comparison of the European Regulatory Framework for the deployment of Offshore Renewable Energy Project | Moscoloni, C.; Carà, C.; Novo, R.; et al. | Conference Paper | Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Floating wind and wave energy technologies: applications, synergies and role in decarbonization in Portugal | White, C.; Carrelhas, A.; Gato, L.; et al. | Conference Paper | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Why municipalities reject wind power: A study on municipal acceptance and rejection of wind power instalments in Sweden | Lindvall, D. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
Towards understanding environmental and cumulative impacts of floating wind farms: Lessons learned from the fixed-bottom offshore wind farms | Rezaei, F.; Contestabile, P; Vicinanza, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates | |
Offshore Grid Connection Pathway – Phase 2 | Commission for Regulation of Utilities | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Government intervention and technological innovation in the wind power industry in China: The role of industrial environmental turbulence | Jiang, Z.; Shi, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
Building a Collaborative Data Strategy for the U.S. Offshore Wind Industry | Courtney, F.; Sen, A. | Report | Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
FINAL Information Needed for Issuance of a Notice of Intent (NOI) Under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) for a Construction and Operations Plan (COP) | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Guidance | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Towards failed renewable energy communities? Activist attempts to change market conditions in the Danish wind energy market | Kirkegaard, J.; Nyborg, S.; Georg, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Cumulative effects of offshore renewables: From pragmatic policies to holistic marine spatial planning tools | Declerck, M.; Trifonova, N.; Hartley, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework: Challenge and Future Options to Address Anthropogenic Underwater Noise | Maruf, M. | Journal Article | Noise | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Thermal soaring over the North Sea and implications for wind farm interactions | van Erp, J.; Sage, E.; Bouten, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Exploring agenda-setting of offshore energy innovations: Niche-regime interactions in Dutch Marine Spatial Planning processes | Kusters, J.; van Kann, F.; Zuidema, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Offshore Wind Energy and Seabird Collision Vulnerability in California | Grover, W. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Place attachment and preferences for wind energy – A value-based approach | Dugstad, A.; Grimsrud, K.; Kipperberg, G.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | ||
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan for Commercial Lease OCS | Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind, LLC | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement | Bats, Birds, Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Visual Impacts | |
A network approach to analyse Australia’s blue economy policy and legislative arrangements | Frohlich, M.; Fidelman, P.; Dutton, I.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Commercial and Research Wind Lease and Grant Issuance and Site Assessment Activities on the Outer Continental Shelf of the Gulf of Mexico | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy | |||
The mayor said so? The impact of local political figures and social norms on local responses to wind energy projects | Karakislak, I.; Schneider, N. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
Assembly Bill 525 Offshore Wind Energy Permitting Roadmap | MacDonald, R. | Report | Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Large-scale effects of offshore wind farms on seabirds of high conservation concern | Garthe, S.; Schwemmer, H.; Peschko, V.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
European offshore renewable energy, towards a sustainable future | Soukissian, T.; O’Hagan, A-M.; Azzellino, A.; et al. | Report | Marine Energy, Ocean Current, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | |
Socio-political acceptability of floating offshore wind farms in France: challenges and perspectives for marine governance towards sustainability | Fofack-Garcia, R.; Mazé, C.; Safi, G.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
An ecological risk assessment for the impacts of offshore wind farms on birds in Australia | Reid, K.; Baker, G.; Woehler, E. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Passerines, Seabirds | |
Offshore Wind Energy or Domestic Seafood? How the Department of the Interior Can Facilitate Both Through Self-Binding Procedures | Irwin, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy | ||
Wind Energy Contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals: Case Study on London Array | Olabi, A.; Obaideen, K.; Abdelkareem, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
Socio-economic, legal, and political context of offshore renewable energies | Salvador, S.; Ribeiro, M. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
A framework for improving treatment of uncertainty in offshore wind assessments for protected marine birds | Searle, K.; O'Brien, S.; Jones, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds | |
Constitutional aspects of ecological safety in relation to offshore wind farms in the British and Polish legal systems | Drewek, M.; Tretyn, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Managing human activity and marine mammals: A biologically based, relativistic risk assessment framework | Southall, B.; Tollit, D.; Amaral, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Resolving Key Uncertainties of Seabird Flight and Avoidance Behaviours at Offshore Wind Farms: Final Report for the study period 2020-2021 | Tjørnløv, R.; Skov, H.; Armitage, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance | Birds, Seabirds | |
Offshore Wind Evidence and Change Programme: Annual Report 2022 | The Crown Estate | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy | ||
A techno-economic and socio-environmental planning of wind farms for sustainable development and transition to a decarbonized scenario: Pakistan as a case study | Shah, M.; Khanum, S.; Waqas, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | ||
Tourists are people too: Nonresidents’ values, beliefs, and acceptance of a nearshore wind farm | Bidwell, D. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | ||
Getting to 30 GW by 2030: Visual preferences of coastal residents for offshore wind farms on the US East Coast | Cranmer, A.; Broughel, A.; Ericson, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | ||
Interdisciplinary analysis of wind energy - a focus on France | Kinani, K.; Meunier, S.; Vido, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
SouthCoast Wind Draft Environmental Impact Statement | BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Recreation & Tourism, Visual Impacts | ||
Reconciling climate action with the need for biodiversity protection, restoration and rehabilitation | Gorman, C.; Torsney, A.; Gaughran, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Birds, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy | |
A Review of Offshore Renewable Energy in South America: Current Status and Future Perspectives | Shadman, M.; Roldan-Carvajal, M.; Pierart, F.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Ocean Current, OTEC, Salinity Gradient, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning |
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