Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Spatial compatibility between emerging marine economies and existing uses in the exclusive economic zone of southern Brazil Medeiros, J.; Weiss, C.; Scherer, M.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement
Marine infrastructure support fewer producers and more filter feeders than natural habitats: a review and meta-analysis McKibbin, O.; Verges, A.; Pottier, P.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
New Horizons: The Space Needed for Offshore Wind Energy in the EU by 2030 and 2040 World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Avoidance & Minimisation of Environmental Impacts from Offshore Wind & Grid Infrastructure Offshore Coalition For Energy & Nature (OCEaN) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement
NMFS West Coast Offshore Wind Energy Strategic Science Plan National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Spatial planning offshore wind energy farms in California for mediating fisheries and wildlife conservation impacts White, C.; Wang, Y-H; Walter, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Entanglement Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Future of Offshore Wind: Considerations for development and leasing to 2030 and beyond The Crown Estate Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement
Marine Delivery Routemap: Towards a shared vision for our seabed and coastline The Crown Estate Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement
Commercial Wind Lease Issuance and Site Assessment Activities on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Offshore Maine Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM); US Department of the Interior (DOI) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment, Water Quality, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Stakeholder Engagement
Synthesis of multinational marine aquaculture and clean energy co-location Gonzales, C.; Chen, S.; Froehlich, H. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
A Review of the Sustainable Siting of Offshore Wind Farms Gkeka-Serpetsidaki, P.; Skiniti, G.; Tournaki, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Site selection within the maritime spatial planning: Insights from use-cases on aquaculture, offshore wind energy and aggregates extraction Abramic, A.; Mendoza, A.; Cordero-Penin, V.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Using Available Data and Information to Identify Offshore Wind Energy Areas Off the California Coast [2024] Rockwood, R.; Salas, L.; Howar, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Fine-scale collision risk mapping and validation with long-term mortality data reveal current and future wind energy development impact on sensitive species Morant, J.; Arrondo, E.; Zapata, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Norwegian offshore wind power—Spatial planning using multi-criteria decision analysis Solbrekke, I. M.; Sorteberg, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
GIS-based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis for Marine Energy Site Selection: A Case Study Comparison between Puerto Rico and Hawaii Hall, S. Thesis Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data
Predicting commercial wind farm site suitability in the conterminous United States using a logistic regression model Wimhurst, J.; Greene, J.; Koch, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Ecosystem indicators: predicting population responses to combined climate and anthropogenic changes in shallow seas Trifonova, N.; Scott, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
A synthesis review of nature positive approaches and coexistence in the offshore wind industry Pardo, J.; Aune, M.; Harman, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Robust bilevel ocean zoning for marine renewable energy, fishery and conservation with fairness concern Jia, R.; Gao, J.; Li, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Assessment of Offshore Wind Energy Opportunities and Challenges in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Fuchs, R.; Musial, W.; Zuckerman, G.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Establishing baselines for predicting change in ambient sound metrics, marine mammal, and vessel occurrence within a US offshore wind energy area Van Parijs, S.; DeAngelis, A.; Aldrich, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Low impact siting for wind power facilities in the Southeast United States Feng, X.; Li, S.; Kalies, E.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
The Marine Spatial Planning Index: a tool to guide and assess marine spatial planning Reimer, J.; Devillers, R.; Zuercher, R.; et al. Journal Article Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Behavioral responses to offshore windfarms during migration of a declining shorebird species revealed by GPS-telemetry Schwemmer, P.; Mercker, M.; Haecker, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds, Shorebirds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
A Comparison of the European Regulatory Framework for the deployment of Offshore Renewable Energy Project Moscoloni, C.; Carà, C.; Novo, R.; et al. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Floating wind and wave energy technologies: applications, synergies and role in decarbonization in Portugal White, C.; Carrelhas, A.; Gato, L.; et al. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Is Maritime Spatial Planning a tool to mitigate the impacts of underwater noise? A review of adopted and upcoming maritime spatial plans in Europe Bosi, S.; Ramieri, E.; Picciulin, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Towards blue growth: Multi-use possibilities for the development of emerging sectors in the Brazilian sea Weiss, C.; Bonetti, J.; Scherer, M.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Marine spatial planning identifies solutions for offshore wind farms at fishery and environment in Taiwan territorial waters Liao, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement
Competing for space? A multi-criteria scenario framework intended to model the energy–biodiversity–land nexus for regional renewable energy planning based on a German case study Weber, J.; Steinkamp, T.; Reichenbach, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Bats, Birds, Marine Spatial Planning
Marine spatial planning to solve increasing conflicts at sea: A framework for prioritizing offshore windfarms and marine protected areas Boussarie, G.; Kopp, D.; Lavialle, G.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Cumulative effects of offshore renewables: From pragmatic policies to holistic marine spatial planning tools Declerck, M.; Trifonova, N.; Hartley, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Quantifying trade-offs for the spatial allocation of onshore wind generation capacity – A case study for Germany Tafarte, P.; Lemann, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data
Marine spatial planning and offshore wind: preliminary principles for Australia Taylor, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Protected species considerations for ocean planning: A case study for offshore wind energy development in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Farmer, N.; Garrison, L.; Litz, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Marine Spatial Planning
Trade-offs between fisheries, offshore wind farms and marine protected areas in the southern North Sea – Winners, losers and effective spatial management Püts, M.; Kempf, A.; Mollmann, C.; et al. Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Geospatial dimensions of the renewable energy transition — The importance of prioritisation Butschek, F.; Peters, J.; Remmers, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Exploring agenda-setting of offshore energy innovations: Niche-regime interactions in Dutch Marine Spatial Planning processes Kusters, J.; van Kann, F.; Zuidema, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Assessing potential conflicts between offshore wind farms and migration patterns of a threatened shorebird species Schwemmer, P.; Pederson, R.; Haecker, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds, Shorebirds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Evaluation of Floating Renewable Energy Potential for Sustainable Energy in Türkiye Durmaz, B.; ÜÇGÜL, I. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Evaluation method of marine spaces for the planning and exploitation of offshore wind farms in isolated territories. A two-island case study Velazquez-Medina, S.; Santana-Sarmiento, F. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Assembly Bill 525 Offshore Wind Energy Permitting Roadmap MacDonald, R. Report Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Offshore Wind Integrated Geoscience Approach Considering Regulatory Requirements and Project Design Essentials to Optimize Timelines Bringing Value to Project, Developer, and Consumer Hargrave, D.; Bryant, G.; Fraser, J.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Harvesting the Wind: A Study on the Feasibility and Advancements of Wind Energy in Turkey Yalçın, Z.; Dağ, M.; Ayar, B. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Engaging stakeholders in marine spatial planning for collaborative scoring of conflicts and synergies within a spatial tool environment Bonnevie, I.; Hansen, H.; Schrøder, L.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement
Acceptance should not be assumed. How the dynamics of social acceptance changes over time, impacting onshore wind repowering Windemer, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data
Evaluating Potential Impacts of Offshore Wind Development on Fishing Operations by Comparing Fine- and Coarse-Scale Fishery-Dependent Data Allen-Jacobson, L.; Jones, A.; Mercer, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Broadening the social acceptance of wind energy – An Integrated Acceptance Model Hübner, G.; Leschinger, V.; Müller, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
A Review of Offshore Renewable Energy in South America: Current Status and Future Perspectives Shadman, M.; Roldan-Carvajal, M.; Pierart, F.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Ocean Current, OTEC, Salinity Gradient, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning

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