The Montreal 2007 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC 2007) provided an international forum that brought together those actively involved in areas of interest to the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society, to report on up-to-the-minute innovations and developments, to summarize the state of-the-art, and to exchange ideas and advances in all aspects of systems engineering, human machine interface, and emerging cybernetics.