TY - RPRT
TI - Raptor mortality in wind farms of southern Spain: mitigation measures on a major migration bottleneck area
AU - Gallego, A
AU - Lucas, M
AU - Casado, E
AU - Ferrer, M
AB - Full text: To assess and monitor the impact of wind farms on fauna is crucial if we want to achieve ecologically sustainable development of this renewable energy resource. Today there are clear evidences that the probability of raptor collision depends critically on species behaviour and weather conditions, and the topographic factors related to each windmill. In our study area EIA were not able to predict this differential risk and in these circumstances mitigating the causes of bird mortality becomes a task of major importance, especially to those wind farms located in the Strait of Gibraltar, a water crossing of 14 km at its shortest distance acting as a major migration bottleneck for Paleo-African soaring migrants. We collected all available information on raptor collision from 1992, when the first wind farm was installed, and from 2005 until present a total of 262 turbines, grouped into 20 wind farms, were surveyed in a daily basis through a surveillance program with the main goal of register the actual mortality of birds. A total of 1291 raptors of 19 species were found of which 78.5% correspond to two species, the griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus) and the kestrel (Falco tinnunculus). In order to mitigate the  More>> 
CY - Norway
DA - 2011/07//
PY - 2011
SP - 42
PB - Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA)
SN - NINA-R-693
UR - https://www.osti.gov/etdeweb/biblio/1024012
LA - English
KW - Wind Energy
KW - Collision
KW - Birds
KW - Raptors
ER -