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- … The report provides an authoritative review of what is known about the behaviour of marine mammals (seals and cetaceans) around operational offshore wind farms and, in particular, … if necessary. In particular it includes a review of information on degree of displacement of marine mammals by operational wind farms using published and preliminary information from wind … the characterisation of any displacement risk and, the potential consequences for individual marine mammals and larger populations. … 2012-10-25 …
- The aim of this project was to develop a model to estimate the population consequences of displacement from proposed offshore wind energy developments for key species of seabirds breeding at SPAs in proximity to proposed Forth/Tay offshore wind farm developments.
- The steering group identified five seabird species for which displacement modelling was required in support of HRA/AA…
- … Scottish Government's Energy Strategy (Dec 2017) set a 2030 target for 50% of the energy for Scotland's heat, transport, and electricity consumption to be supplied by renewable sources, and … gas emissions by 2045. These targets will require the development of extensive areas for marine renewable energy extraction. In October 2020, the Scottish Government published the Sectoral Marine Plan for Offshore Wind (SMP; Scottish Government, 2020), which identified the most …
- … met from renewables by 2020 by creating a portfolio of both onshore and offshore technologies (Marine Scotland 2011). However, concern over the environmental impacts of these developments in the UK, …
Collision and displacement/barrier impacts for seabirds interacting with offshore wind farms (OWFs) are currently assessed using separate modelling methods. This means collision mortality is estimated separately from displacement and barrier effects, and the effect sizes are subsequently combined. However, there is concern with this approach because the parameters used in both assessments are…
- … implications of offshore renewable energy developments across receptor groups – shaping future marine energy research Purpose: To identify the next steps in research required to understand the … to focus on to have useful outputs for estimating and monitoring the ecological impacts of marine renewables across receptor groups? Where are the key linkages between high priority …
- Offshore renewable developments have the potential to impact on seabirds by displacing individuals from foraging habitats. The impact of displacement is particularly important for breeding seabirds that, as central place foragers, are constrained to obtain food within a certain distance from the breeding colony. The current worst case scenario is that displacement causes 100% mortality,…
- … recent literature and our experience with assessing impacts of offshore wind developments on marine mammals and seabirds, and make recommendations for future monitoring and assessment as … to consider the population level consequences and cumulative impacts of these activities on marine species. Strategically targeted data collection and modeling aimed at answering questions …
- … evidence exists of the biology of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) as they enter the marine habitat or of the factors which influence their subsequent survival and migration. This is … is no estimate of mortality of migrating smolts in estuaries or the marine environment within Scotland. Smolt distribution at sea has previously been inferred from the recapture of fish in … they enter the open ocean. Indeed, the first priority research need listed by Marine Scotland Science (MSS) in its national monitoring strategy for diadromous fish is “What routes and depths …
- … are committing to increased electricity production from “green energy”, of which tidal stream marine renewable energy is one such resource. However, many questions remain regarding the effects of tidal energy devices on marine wildlife, including seabirds, of which the UK has internationally important numbers. …
Europe has set ambitious green energy targets, to which offshore renewable developments (ORDs) will make a significant contribution. Governments are legally required to deliver ORDs sustainably; however, they may have detrimental impacts on wildlife, especially those already experiencing declines due to climate change. Population viability analysis (PVA) is the standard method for forecasting…
- … total of sixty-three UAV surveys were undertaken within the Inner Sound of the Pentland Firth, Scotland, UK, over two 4-day periods in 2016 and 2018. The aims of this data collection effort … hydrodynamic features, comprising of kolk-boil distribution, presence, and area, as well as marine life such as seabird distributions, presence, and orientation relative to the flow. To …
- … birds forming a key environmental consenting challenge. Assessing the impacts of ORD on marine birds is challenging, utilizing interlinked approaches to understand complex behavioural, … processes. Consequently, there is considerable uncertainty associated with ORD assessments for marine birds, with current methods failing to quantify uncertainty in a scientifically robust, …
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