Knowledge Base
The Knowledge Base provides access to information about the environmental effects of marine and wind energy, supporting OES-Environmental and WREN initiatives. Relevant documents and OES-Environmental metadata forms are compiled into a user-friendly table with advanced filtering. Filters may be selected on the right, or keywords entered in the Search Text box. Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers.
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| Title | Author* | Date** | Type of Content |
Technology Types |
Stressors | Receptors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Challenges of Addressing Wildlife Impacts When Repowering Wind Energy Projects | Smallwood, K. | February 2017 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General) | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds |
| Collision Effects of Wind-power Generators and Other Obstacles on Birds | Drewitt, A., Langston, R. | June 2008 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds |
| Collision Fatality of Raptors in Wind Farms does not Depend on Raptor Abundance | de Lucas, M., et al. | October 2008 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Raptors |
| Collision Risk in White-Tailed Eagles Modelling Kernel-Based Collision Risk Using Satellite Telemetry Data in Smøla Wind-Power Plant | May, R., et al. | May 2011 | Report | Wind Energy (General) | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Raptors |
| Collision Risk in White-Tailed Eagles: Modelling Collision Risk Using Vantage Point Observations in Smøla Wind-Power Plant | May, R., et al. | December 2010 | Report | Wind Energy (General) | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Raptors |
| Curtailing Wind Turbine Operations to Reduce Avian Mortality | Singh, K., Baker, E., Lackner, M. | June 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds |
| Developing a science-based approach to defining key species of birds and bats of concern for wind farm developments in Victoria | Lumsden, L., Moloney, P., Smales, I. | September 2019 | Report | Wind Energy (General) | Avoidance, Collision | Bats, Birds |
| Assessing Impacts of Wind-Energy Development on Nocturnally Active Birds and Bats: A Guidance Document | Kunz, T., et al. | November 2007 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Collision | Bats, Birds |
| Impacts of Wind Energy Facilities on Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat | Arnett, E., et al. | September 2007 | Report | Wind Energy (General) | Habitat Change | N/A |
| Ecological Impacts of Wind Farms on Birds: Questions, Hypotheses, and Research Needs | Wang, S., Wang, S., Smith, P. | April 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds |
| The Effect of Avoidance Rates on Bird Mortality Predictions Made by Wind Turbine Collision Risk Models | Chamberlain, D., et al. | March 2006 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Raptors, Seabirds, Waterfowl |
| The Effect of Wind Power on Birds and Bats - A Synthesis | Rydell, J., et al. | August 2012 | Report | Wind Energy (General) | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds |
| Impact of Wind Turbines on Birds in Zeebrugge (Belgium): Significant Effect on Breeding Tern Colony Due to Collisions | Everaert, J., Stienen, E. | January 2007 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Collision | Birds, Seabirds |
| Proceedings of the NWCC Wildlife Workgroup Research Planning Meeting VI | Schwartz, S. | March 2007 | Conference Paper | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Bats, Birds |
| Renewable Energy Resources and Wildlife: Impacts and Opportunities | Arnett, E., Strickland, M., Morrison, M. | February 2007 | Conference Paper | Wind Energy (General) | Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds |
| Poor Evidence-Base For Assessment Of Windfarm Impacts On Birds | Steward, G., Pullin, A., Coles, C. | February 2007 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds |
| Assessing the State of Knowledge of Utility-Scale Wind Energy Development and Operation on Non-Volant Terrestrial and Marine Wildlife | Lovich, J., Ennen, J. | March 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles |
| Effects of Wind Turbines on Flight Behaviour of Wintering Common Eiders: Implications for Habitat Use and Collision Risk | Larsen, J., Guillemette, M. | April 2007 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds |
| Application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process to a Sustainability Assessment of Coastal Beach Exploitation: A Case Study of the Wind Power Projects on the Coastal Beaches of Yancheng, China | Tian, W., et al. | January 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| The Effects of Wind Power on Human Interests - A Synthesis | Henningsson, M., et al. | January 2013 | Report | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Wind Energy Facts | EWEA | December 2012 | Presentation | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | N/A |
| Noise impact assessment on the basis of onsite acoustic noise immission measurements for a representative wind farm | Kaldellis, J., Garakis, K., Kapsali, M. | May 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Noise | N/A |
| Strategisk konsekv ensutredning for landbasert vindkraft. En evaluering av regionale planer for vindkraft | May, R. | December 2011 | Report | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| Regulating Avian Impacts Under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act and Other Laws: The Wind Industry Collides with One of its Own, the Environmental Protection Movement | McKinsey, J. | January 2007 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy |
| Bird Movements and Behaviors in the Gulf Coast Region: Relation to Potential Wind-Energy Developments | Morrison, M. | June 2006 | Report | Wind Energy (General) | Collision, Habitat Change | Birds |
| The Potential Health Impact of Wind Turbines | Chief Medical Officer of Heath of Ontario | May 2010 | Report | Wind Energy (General) | Noise | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Meta-Analysis of Net Energy Return for Wind Power Systems | Kubiszewski, I., Cleveland, C., Endres, P. | January 2010 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Landscape externalities from onshore wind power | Meyerhoff, J., Ohl, C., Hartje, V. | January 2010 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Wind Turbine Sound and Health Effects: An Expert Panel Review | Colby, W., et al. | December 2009 | Report | Wind Energy (General) | Noise | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Bird Strikes and Electrocutions at Power Lines, Communication Towers, and Wind Turbines: State of the Art and State of the Science - Next Steps Toward Mitigation | Manville, A. | June 2005 | Conference Paper | Wind Energy (General) | Collision | Birds |
| Wind Energy Technology, Environmental Impacts of | Morrison, M., Sinclair, K. | June 2004 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | N/A |
| Proceedings of the Wind Energy and Birds/Bats Workshop: Understanding and Resolving Bird and Bat Impacts | Schwartz, S. | May 2004 | Conference Paper | Wind Energy (General) | Collision | Bats, Birds |
| The Effects of a Wind Farm on Birds in a Migration Point: The Strait of Gibraltar | de Lucas, M., Janss, G., Ferrer, M. | February 2004 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Avoidance, Collision | Birds |
| Birds and Wind Farms in Ireland: A Review of Potential Issues and Impact Assessment | Percival, S. | December 2003 | Report | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Birds |
| Windfarms and Birds: An Analysis of the Effects of Windfarms on Birds, and Guidance on Environmental Assessment Criteria and Site Selection Issues | Langston, R., Pullan, J. | September 2003 | Report | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy |
| Avian Interactions with Wind Power Structures | Electric Power Research Institute | March 2003 | Conference Paper | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Birds |
| Assessing the determinants of local acceptability of wind-farm investment: A choice experiment in the Greek Aegean Islands | Dimitropoulos, A., Kontoleon, A. | May 2009 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Stakeholders or Subject Matter Experts, who Should be consulted? | Alberts, D. | April 2007 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Noise | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement |
| Development of Regulatory Requirements for Wind Turbines in Alberta | DeGagne, D., Lewis, A. | June 2006 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Noise | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy |
| Numerical simulation of spudcan-soil interaction using an improved smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method | Wu, H., et al. | July 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Physical Environment |
| Evaluating anthropogenic landscape alterations as wildlife hazards, with wind farms as an example | Peter R. Law, Mark Fuller | July 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes |
| Factors influencing citizens' acceptance and non-acceptance of wind energy in Germany | Langer, K., et al. | February 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Procedural justice in Canadian wind energy development: A comparison of community-based and technocratic siting processes | Walker, C., Baxter, J. | July 2017 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement |
| Stakeholder Outcomes in a Wind Turbine Investment; Is the Irish Energy Policy Effective in Reducing GHG Emissions by Promoting Small-Scale Embedded Turbines in SME's? | Kealy, T. | February 2017 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy |
| Environmental Interview: The Effects of Wind Power on Human Interests | Henningsson, M. | March 2016 | Video | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Human Dimensions |
| From NIMBY to Acceptance: Toward a Novel Framework - VESPA - For Organizing and Interpreting Community Concerns | Petrova, M. | February 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement |
| Improving Australia's Renewable Energy Project Policy and Planning: A Multiple Stakeholder Analysis | Martin, N., Rice, J. | September 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement |
| Global Wind Energy Policy and Development | Walker, R., Swift, A. | May 2015 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy |
| The Vindication of Don Quixote: The Impact of Noise and Visual Pollution from Wind Turbines | Jensen, C., Panduro, T., Lundhede, T. | November 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Noise | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts |
| Wind farms - Where and how to place them? A choice experiment approach to measure consumer preferences for characteristics of wind farm establishments in Sweden | Ek, K., Persson, L. | September 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Societal acceptance of wind farms: Analysis of four common themes across Australian case studies | Hall, N., Ashworth, P., Devine-Wright, P. | July 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Welcoming the Wind? Determinants of Wind Power Development Among U.S. States | Bohn, C., Lant, C. | January 2009 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts |
| A framework for decision points to trigger adaptive management actions in long-term incidental take permits | Dalthorp, D., Huso, M. | December 2015 | Report | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy |
| Biodiversity and Wind Farms in Portugal: Current Knowledge and Insights for an Integrated Impact Assessment Process | Mascarenhas, M., et al. | January 2018 | Book | Wind Energy (General) | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Terrestrial Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy |
| Examples of State and International Guidance for Duration and Intensity of Pre-Construction and Post-Construction Monitoring | US Fish and Wildlife Service | January 2011 | Report | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Nearfield Habitat, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy |
| Proposal to Permit Take Provided Under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act | Gould, R. | April 2009 | Report | Wind Energy (General) | N/A | Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy |
| Impacts of Wind Energy Development on Bats: A Global Perspective | Arnett, E., et al. | January 2016 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General) | Attraction, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Bats |
| Impacts of Wind Energy Development on Bats: Implications for Conservation | Arnett, E., Baerwald, E. | July 2013 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General) | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Bats |
| Impacts on Biodiversity of Exploitation of Renewable Energy Sources: The Example of Birds and Bats | Hötker, H., Thomsen, K., Jeromin, H. | January 2006 | Report | Wind Energy (General) | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds |
| The Influence of Group Size and Social Interactions on Collision Risk with Obstacles | Croft, S., et al. | December 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision | Birds |
| Impact of substantial wind farms on the local and regional atmospheric boundary layer: Case study of Zhangbei wind power base in China | Wang, Q., et al. | September 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| The Iowa Atmospheric Observatory: Revealing the Unique Boundary Layer Characteristics of a Wind Farm | Takle, E., Rajewski, D., Purdy, S. | March 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Modelling the Effects of Wind Farming on the Local Weather Using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model | Jawaheer, B., et al. | January 2019 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Effects of wind farms on near-surface wind speed | Xin, Z., et al. | January 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | N/A |
| Environmental impact analysis of power generation from biomass and wind farms in different locations | Gao, C., et al. | March 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| Input-Output Life Cycle Environmental Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Utility Scale Wind Energy in the United States | Kumar, I., Tyner, W., Sinha, K. | February 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Life Cycle Assessment |
| Ökobilanzierung von Schweizer Windenergie | Eymann, L., et al. | November 2015 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Birds, Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment |
| Life cycle energy and greenhouse emissions analysis of wind turbines and the effect of size on energy yield | Crawford, R. | December 2009 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment |
| A GIS-Multicriteria Approach to Analyzing Noise and Visual Impacts of Wind Farms | Fang, B. | February 2015 | Thesis | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Noise | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts |
| Potential impacts of energy development on shrublands in western North America | Pocewicz, A., Copeland, H., Kiesecker, J. | December 2011 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | N/A |
| The Influence of Real‐World Wind Turbine Deployments on Local to Mesoscale Climate | Pryor, S., Barthelmie, R., Shepherd, T. | May 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Oklahoma's future wind energy resources and their relationship with the Central Plains low-level jet | Wimhurst, J., Greene, J. | November 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Climate Change |
| The VERTEX field campaign: observations of near-ground effects of wind turbine wakes | Archer, C., et al. | January 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | N/A |
| Meteorological and Hydrological Effect of Wind Farm in Arid Areas | Yin, R., et al. | January 2017 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Ecological Efficiency Assessment Model for Environmental Safety Management of Wind Power Plant | Kasner, R., et al. | March 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Life Cycle Assessment |
| Land-Based Wind Energy and the Environment: Potential Impacts for Wildlife and the West Michigan Landscape | Gajewsk, B., et al. | May 2014 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| Assessment of the Environmental Impacts of a Wind Farm in Central Greece during its Life Cycle | Abeliotis, K., Pactiti, D. | January 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Life Cycle Assessment |
| Interim Guidelines to Avoid and Minimize Wildlife Impacts from Wind Turbines | US Fish and Wildlife Service | May 2003 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy |
| Maiden Wind Farm Benton County, Washington Final SEPA Environmental Impact Statement and Final NEPA Environmental Impact Statement | Bonneville Power Administration, Benton County, Washington | January 2002 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| Changes in fluxes of heat, H2O, and CO2 caused by a large wind farm | Rajewski, D., et al. | August 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Crop Wind Energy Experiment (CWEX): Observations of Surface-Layer, Boundary Layer, and Mesoscale Interactions with a Wind Farm | Rajewski, D., et al. | May 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Spatiotemporal Structure of Wind Farm-atmospheric Boundary Layer Interactions | Cervarich, M., Roy, S., Zhou, L. | January 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Further evidence of impacts of large-scale wind farms on land surface temperature | Walsh-Thomas, J., et al. | October 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Aerial-Hawking Bats Can Glean Prey Items From Surfaces Similar to Wind Turbine Towers: Implications for Reducing Bat Fatalities at Wind Facilities | Jarzombek, L. | May 2016 | Thesis | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Bats |
| Surface Texture Discrimination by Bats: Implications for Reducing Bat Mortality at Wind Turbines | Bienz, C. | May 2016 | Thesis | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Bats |
| Wind Turbines as Overwintering Sites Attractive to an Invasive Lady Beetle, Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) | Dudek, K., Dudek, M., Tryjanowski, P. | December 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Attraction | N/A |
| Bats, Bugs, and Wind Turbines - Is There a Connection? | Cochran, C. | May 2013 | Thesis | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Bats |
| Mating Behavior as a Possible Cause of Bat Fatalities at Wind Turbines | Cryan, P. | April 2008 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Collision | Bats |
| Wind Turbines and Bats - A Pilot Study | Ahlén, I. | December 2003 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Collision | Bats, Birds, Passerines |
| Bird and Bat Conservation Strategy Deuel Harvest North Wind Farm Deuel County, South Dakota | Simon, S., Welch-Acosta, B. | March 2019 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Avoidance | Bats, Birds |
| Texturizing Wind Turbine Towers to Reduce Bat Mortality | Bennett, V., Hale, A. | July 2018 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Bats |
| Behavioral accommodation of nesting hawks to wind turbines | Watson, J., Keren, I, Davies, R. | June 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Avoidance | Birds, Raptors |
| Do American Golden-Plovers (Pluvialis dominica) Avoid Wind-energy Turbines in Agricultural Fields in Indiana During Spring Migration? | Homoya, W., et al. | December 2017 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Avoidance | Birds, Shorebirds |
| Mammalian Mesocarnivore Visitation at Tortoise Burrows in a Wind Farm | Agha, M., et al. | August 2017 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Noise | Reptiles, Terrestrial Mammals |
| Negative Impact of Wind Energy Development on a Breeding Shorebird Assessed with a BACI Study Design | Sansom, A., Pearce-Higgins, J., Douglas, D. | July 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds, Shorebirds |
| Behavior and Turbine Avoidance Rates of Eagles at Two Wind Farms in Tasmania, Australia | Hull, C., Muir, S. | March 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds |
| Is a Wind-Power Plant Acting as a Barrier for Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) Movements? | Colman, J., et al. | December 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Habitat Change | N/A |
| Avoidance Behavior by Prairie Grouse: Implications for Development of Wind Energy | Pruett, C., Patten, M., Wolfe, D. | June 2009 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds |
| The Effects of Wind Turbines on Antipredator Behavior in California Ground Squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi) | Rabin, L., Coss, R., Owings, D. | August 2006 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Noise | Birds, Raptors, Ecosystem Processes, Terrestrial Mammals |
| Effects of Wind Turbines and Other Physical Elements on Field Utilization by Pink-Footed Geese (Anser brachyrhynchus): A Landscape Perspective | Larsen, J., Madsen, J. | December 2000 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds, Waterfowl |
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