Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box. Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Marine wind energy and the North Sea Offshore Grid Initiative: A Multi-Level Perspective on a stalled technology transition? Flynn, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Tilting at Offshore Windmills: Regulating Wind Farm Development Within the Renewable Energy Zone Scott, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Renewable Energy and Marine Spatial Planning: Scientific and Legal Implications Kannen, A., Kremer, H., Gee, K. Book Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Marine Spatial Planning, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Development of cumulative impact assessment guidelines for offshore wind farms and evaluation of use in project making Durning, B., Broderick, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Analysis of United Kingdom offshore wind farm performance using public data: Improving the evidence base for policymaking Aldersey-Williams, J., Broadbent, I., Strachan, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
The post-normal politics and science of wind power planning: Evidence from a Danish near-shore wind farm tender Johansen, K., Upham, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
The integrated offshore grid in Europe: Exploring challenges for regional energy governance Dedecca, J., Hakvoort, R., Herder, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
South West Marine Energy Park Prospectus Southwest Marine Energy Park Coalition Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
The Need for Integrated Assessment of Large-Scale Offshore Wind Farm Development Kannen, A., Vermaat, J., Salomons, W. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Stakeholder Engagement, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Developing Environmental Protocols and Modeling Tools to Support Ocean Renewable Energy and Stewardship McCann, J. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Coordination and Cooperation in the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive and the US National Ocean Policy Maier, N. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
The international regulation for the protection of the environment in the development of marine renewable energy in the EU Soria‐Rodríguez, C. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Cautious but Committed - Towards a More Adaptive Environmental Planning Approach for Wind Energy? Köppel, J. Presentation Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
The Legal Framework for Offshore Wind Farms: A Critical Analysis of the Consents Process Gibson, E., Howsamn, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Social & Economic Data, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
The Role of the DPSIR Approach and Conceptual Models in Marine Environmental Management: An Example for Offshore Wind Power Elliott, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Hornsea Offshore Wind Farm Project One: Reports - Habitat Regulations Assessment Report: Information to Support the Appropriate Assessment for Project One RPS Group Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
The New Mode of Marine Planning in the UK: Aspirations and Challenges Scarff, G., Fitzsimmons, C., Gray, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
The UK Offshore Wind Power Programme: A Sea-Change in UK Energy Policy? Toke, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Impact of the use of offshore wind and other marine renewables on European fisheries Stelzenmüller, V., Gimpel, A., Letschert, J. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy
Improving policies and regulations for environmental-friendly ocean renewable energy development in Korea Park, J., Kim, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
An Integrated Risk Framework for Gigawatt-Scale Deployments of Renewable Energy: The U.S. Wind Energy Case Ram, B. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Case Study: European Offshore Wind Farms - A Survey for the Analysis of the Experiences and Lessons Learnt by Developers of Offshore Wind Farms Gerdes, G., Tiedemann, A., Zeelenberg, S. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Future Offshore: A Strategic Framework for the Offshore Wind Industry UK Department of Trade and Industry Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
A Comparison of Offshore Wind Power Development in Europe and the US: Patterns and Drivers of Development Snyder, B., Kaiser, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Refusal of planning consent for the Docking Shoal offshore wind farm: Stakeholder perspectives and lessons learned Broadbent, I., Nixon, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
From strategic marine planning to project licences – Striking a balance between predictability and adaptability in the management of aquaculture and offshore wind farms Schütz, S., Slater, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Marine governance in an industrialised ocean: A case study of the emerging marine renewable energy industry Wright, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Investing in meshed offshore grids in the Baltic Sea: catching up with the regulatory gap Bergaentzle, C., Pade, L., Larsen, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
The legislative regime for environment assessment and approval of offshore wind energy developments in England and Wales Wawryk, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy
Boundary spanning among research and policy communities to address the emerging industrial revolution in the ocean Posner, S., Fenichel, E., McCauley, D. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
The 1982 Law of the Sea Convention and the regulation of offshore renewable energy activities within national jurisdiction Jung, D. Thesis Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy
Legal Limits on Recreational Fishing Near Offshore Wind Facilities Webster, K., Porter, R. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Recreation & Tourism
Challenges of decommissioning offshore wind farms: Overview of the European experience Topham, E., Gonzalez, E., McMillan, D. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Community benefits from offshore renewables: The relationship between different understandings of impact, community, and benefit Rudolph, D., Haggett, C., Aitken, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Stakeholder Engagement, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
The place of the Rochdale envelope approach in offshore renewable energy Caine, C. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Interim Guidance on apportioning impacts from marine renewable developments to breeding seabird populations in SPAs Scottish Natural Heritage Guidance Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Ecological best practice in decommissioning: a review of scientific research Fortune, I., Paterson, D. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Benthic Conservation Features and Species Associated With Subsea Pipelines: Considerations for Decommissioning Rouse, S., Lacey, N., Hayes, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Safeguarding Marine Protected Areas in the Growing Mediterranean Blue Economy: Offshore Wind Energy Sector WWF France Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Renewables-to-reefs: Participatory multicriteria decision analysis is required to optimize wind farm decommissioning Fowler, A., Macreadie, P., Booth, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Lost (and found) in Transition: Expert stakeholder insights on low-carbon energy transitions in Spain Sorman, A., Garcia-Muros, X., Pizarro-Irizar, C. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Lessons learned in marine governance: Case studies of marine spatial planning practice in the U.S. Smythe, T., McCann, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Stakeholder Engagement, Marine Spatial Planning, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Marine Scotland Policy Development for Marine Renewables and Offshore Wind Covering Marine Planning and Licensing Scottish Government Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
The mechanics of blue growth: Management of oceanic natural resource use with multiple, interacting sectors Klinger, D., Eikeset, A., Davíðsdóttir, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Marine Spatial Planning, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Challenges in Implementing Sustainable Marine Spatial Planning: The New Portuguese Legal Framework Case Santos, C., Orbach, M., Calado, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Marine Spatial Planning, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Advancing the Environmentally Responsible Development of Offshore Wind Energy in New York State: A Regulatory Review and Stakeholder Perceptions New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Stakeholder Engagement, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Scotland's National Marine Plan - A Single Framework for Managing Our Seas Marine Scotland Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Marine Spatial Planning, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Advancing Offshore Wind Energy in the U.S Christopher, T., Davis, M., Flemma, J. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Underwater noise abatement: Economic factors and policy options Merchant, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Marine Renewable Energy Legislation for Nova Scotia Nova Scotia Department of Energy Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions

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