Knowledge Base
The Knowledge Base provides access to information about the environmental effects of marine and wind energy, supporting OES-Environmental and WREN initiatives. Relevant documents and OES-Environmental metadata forms are compiled into a user-friendly table with advanced filtering. Filters may be selected on the right, or keywords entered in the Search Text box. Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers.
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| Title | Author* | Date** |
Type of Content |
Technology Types | Stressors | Receptors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Great Skua (Stercorarius skua) Movements at Sea in Relation to Marine Renewable Energy Developments | Wade, H., et al. | October 2014 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Seabirds |
| Marine Mammals Trace Anthropogenic Structures at Sea | Russell, D., et al. | July 2014 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| The interplay between economics, legislative power and social influence examined through a social-ecological framework for marine ecosystems services | Martino, S., Tett, P., Kenter, J. | February 2019 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Do tidal stream energy projects offer more value than offshore wind farms? A case study in the United Kingdom | Lamy, J., Azevedo, I. | February 2018 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Integration of wave energy and other marine renewable energy sources with the needs of coastal societies | Manasseh, R., et al. | January 2017 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Ocean Current, OTEC, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Attitudes and Perceptions of Fishermen on the Island of Ireland Towards the Development of Marine Renewable Energy Projects | Reilly, K., O'Hagan, A., Dalton, G. | August 2015 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Ocean Zoning for Conservation, Fisheries and Marine Renewable Energy: Assessing Trade-Offs and Co-Location Opportunities | Yates, K., Schoeman, D., Klein, C. | April 2015 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning |
| Rights and Ownership in Sea Country: Implications of Marine Renewable Energy for Indigenous and Local Communities | Kerr, S., et al. | February 2015 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Individual Consistency in the Foraging Behaviour of Northern Gannets: Implications for Interactions with Offshore Renewable Energy Developments | Soanes, L., et al. | March 2013 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds |
| A Marine Spatial Planning Framework for the Optimal Siting of Marine Renewable Energy Installations: Two Danish Case Studies | Azzellino, A., et al. | January 2013 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning |
| A review of unmanned vehicles for the detection and monitoring of marine fauna | Verfuss, U., et al. | March 2019 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| Environmental and Ecological Effects of Ocean Renewable Energy Development: A Current Synthesis | Boehlert, G., Gill, A. | June 2010 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Epibenthic Colonization of Concrete and Steel Pilings in a Cold-Temperate Embayment: A Weld Experiment | Andersson, M., et al. | March 2009 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates |
| The New Mode of Marine Planning in the UK: Aspirations and Challenges | Scarff, G., Fitzsimmons, C., Gray, T. | January 2015 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy |
| Strengthening the Role of Science in Marine Governance through Environmental Impact Assessment: A Case Study of the Marine Renewable Energy Industry | Wright, G. | October 2014 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| Coordination and Cooperation in the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive and the US National Ocean Policy | Maier, N. | May 2014 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy |
| Attitudes of Scottish Fishers Towards Marine Renewable Energy | Alexander, K., Wilding, T., Jacomina Heymans, J. | January 2013 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Evaluation of the near future wave energy resources in the Black Sea under two climate scenarios | Rusu, L. | November 2019 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Climate Change |
| Public Engagement with Large-Scale Renewable Energy Technologies: Breaking the Cycle of NIMBYism | Devine-Wright, P. | November 2010 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement |
| Ocean Management & Planning in the United States: From Competition to Cooperation | Heimes, R. | September 2010 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy |
| Ocean Planning and the Gulf of Maine: Exploring Bi-National Policy Options | Fanning, L., Heimes, R. | May 2010 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning |
| Marine Renewable Energy in the Mediterranean Sea: Status and Perspectives | Soukissian, T., et al. | September 2017 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), OTEC, Salinity Gradient, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data |
| Involving the Public in the Impact Assessment of Offshore Renewable Energy Facilities | Portman, M. | March 2009 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement |
| A framework to evaluate the environmental impact of OCEAN energy devices | Mendoza, E., et al. | June 2019 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Ocean Current, OTEC, Tidal, Wave, Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| Multi-use of the sea: A wide array of opportunities from site-specific cases across Europe | Bocci, M., et al. | April 2019 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Environmental Risk Evaluation System - An Approach to Ranking Risk of Ocean Energy Development on Coastal and Estuarine Environments | Copping, A., et al. | January 2015 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals |
| The expected efficiency and coastal impact of a hybrid energy farm operating in the Portuguese nearshore | Onea, F., Rusu, E. | February 2016 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Recent Developments of Ocean Environmental Description with Focus on Uncertainties | Bitner-Gregersen, E., et al. | August 2014 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Physical Environment |
| Offshore Energy Structures | Karimirad, M. | January 2014 | Book | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Trends and Challenges in Maritime Energy Management | Ölçer, A., et al. | January 2018 | Book | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Renewable Energy and Marine Spatial Planning: Scientific and Legal Implications | Kannen, A., et al. | August 2013 | Book | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning |
| Handbook on Marine Environment Protection: Science, Impacts, and Sustainable Management | Salomon, M., Markus, T. | January 2018 | Book | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Progress in Renewable Energies Offshore | Soares, C. | October 2016 | Book | Marine Energy (General), OTEC, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Humanity and the Sea: Marine Renewable Energy Technology and Environmental Interactions | Shields, M., Payne, A. | January 2014 | Book | Marine Energy (General), Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Ecological Effects of Electricity Generation, Storage and Use | Henderson, P. | May 2018 | Book | Marine Energy (General), Ocean Current, OTEC, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Environmental Impact Assessment, Social & Economic Data |
| U.S. National Debate Topic 2014-2015: The Ocean | H.W. Wilson Company | January 2014 | Book | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Renewable Energy and the Public: from NIMBY to Participation | Devine-Wright, P. | January 2011 | Book | Marine Energy (General), Wave, Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind, Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Ocean Energies: Environmental, Economic and Technological Aspects of Alternative Power Sources | Charlier, R., Justus, J. | September 1993 | Book | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Approaches to Marine Mammal Monitoring at Marine Renewable Energy Developments | Macleod, K., et al. | August 2010 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Marine Mammals |
| Preliminary Assessment of the Conservation Importance of Benthic Species and Habitats off the West Coast of Orkney and in the Pentland Firth in Relation to the Development of Renewable Energy Schemes | Moore, C. | January 2010 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Guidance on Environmental Impact Assessment of Offshore Renewable Energy Development on Surfing Resources and Recreation | Surfers Against Sewage | June 2009 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Energy Removal | Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment, Recreation |
| Offshore Renewables - Guidance on Assessing the Impact on Coastal Landscape and Seascape: Guidance for Scoping an Environmental Statement | Scottish Natural Heritage | March 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| Population Sizes of Seabirds Breeding in Scottish SPAs | Lewis, M., et al. | July 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds |
| Potential Impacts of Ocean Energy Development on Marine Mammals in Oregon | Davis, A. | December 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans |
| Review of Migratory Routes and Behaviour of Atlantic Salmon, Sea Trout and European Eel in Scotland's Coastal Environment: Implications for the Development of Marine Renewables | Malcolm, I., Godfrey, J., Youngson, A. | January 2010 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Fish |
| COWRIE 2.0 Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) Phase 2: EMF Sensitive Fish Response to EM Emissions from Sub-sea Electricity Cables of the Type used by the Offshore Renewable Energy Industry | Gill, A., et al. | March 2009 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish |
| Symposium Sound Solutions Report | The North Sea Foundation | February 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics |
| Developing Environmental Protocols and Modeling Tools to Support Ocean Renewable Energy and Stewardship | McCann, J. | September 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Updated Summary of Knowledge: Selected Areas of the Pacific Coast | Kaplan, B., et al. | July 2010 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Birds, Ecosystem, Fish, Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles, Socio-economics |
| The Effects of Anthropogenic Sound on Marine Mammals | Boyd, I., et al. | June 2008 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans |
| Ocean Noise: Turn it down - A report on ocean noise pollution | McKenna, C., International Fund for Animal Welfare | June 2008 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals |
| Assessment of the Marine Renewables Industry in Relation to Marine Mammals: Synthesis of Work Undertaken by the ICES Working Group on Marine Mammal Ecology (WGMME) | Murphy, S., et al. | January 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans |
| ICES WGMBRED Report 2013: Report of the Working Group on Marine Benthal and Renewable Energy Developments (WGMBRED) | International Council for the Exploration of the Sea | March 2013 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Static Device | Benthic Invertebrates |
| MERiFIC 3.3.2: Grey Seal Population Surveys of the Isles of Scilly and Parc Naturel Marin d'Iroise | Witt, M. | December 2013 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Environmental Effects and the Permitting Processes for a Deep Water Offshore Wind-Wave Hybrid Generator | DeVault, G. | March 2011 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| User Guide for the MRSea Package: Marine Renewables Strategic Environmental Assessment | Scott-Hayward, L., et al. | October 2013 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Marine Mammals |
| Quieting Technologies for Reducing Noise During Seismic Surveying and Pile Driving Workshop | CSA Ocean Sciences | March 2014 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | N/A |
| California Current Cetacean & Ecosystem Assessment Survey (CalCurCEAS): Final Report to Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Regarding Surveys of Windfloat and Wave Energy Areas | Barlow, J., Henry, A., Ballance, L. | April 2014 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Ecosystem, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans |
| MR1 & MR2 Current State of Knowledge of the Effects of Offshore Renewable Energy Generation Devices on Marine Mammals and Research Requirements: Update, September 2014 | Thompson, D., et al. | July 2015 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Marine Mammals |
| MR6.1 Review of Methodology and Main Results of the JCP Analysis of Cetacean Densities in the Context of Marine Renewable Development | Lonergan, M., Hammond, P. | July 2015 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans |
| MR6.2 Definition of 'Range' in the Context of Marine Renewable Energy Development and Marine Mammal Conservation | Northridge, S. | July 2015 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans |
| Marine Spatial Planning: A Step-by-Step Approach toward Ecosystem-based Management | Ehler, C., Douvere, F. | May 2009 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Marine Spatial Planning |
| Development of Offshore Renewable Energy in Scotland's Seas: Research Implementation Strategy | Scottish Government | September 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Concerning an Act on Offshore Renewable Energy Production (the Offshore Energy Act) | Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum and Energy | January 2009 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Marine Spatial Planning - Current Status 2014: National Planning in Sweden's Territorial Waters and Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) | Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management (SwAM) | June 2014 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Marine Spatial Planning |
| Guidelines for Data Acquisition to Support Marine Environmental Assessments of Offshore Renewable Energy Projects | Judd, A. | May 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Determining the Infrastructure Needs to Support Offshore Floating Wind and Marine Hydrokinetic Facilities on the Pacific West Coast and Hawaii | Porter, A., Phillips, S. | January 2016 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics |
| Munitions and Explosives of Concern Survey Methodology and In-Field Testing for Wind Energy Areas on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf | Carton, G., et al. | July 2017 | Report | Marine Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| 2018 State of the Sector Report: Marine Renewable Energy in Canada | Marine Renewables Canada | June 2018 | Report | Marine Energy general, Riverine, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Modeling At-Sea Occurrence and Abundance of Marine Birds to Support Atlantic Marine Renewable Energy Planning: Phase 1 Report | Kinlan, B., et al. | May 2016 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Seabirds |
| Seabird Distribution and Abundance in the Offshore Environment Final Report | Kuletz, K., Labunski, E. | February 2017 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Seabirds |
| Evaluating Acoustic Technologies to Monitor Aquatic Organisms at Renewable Energy Sites: Final Report | Horne, J., et al. | June 2013 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Report to Congress on the Potential Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Technologies | US Department of Energy | December 2009 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Depth use and movements of homing Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in Scottish coastal waters in relation to marine renewable energy development | Godfrey, J., et al. | December 2014 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Fish |
| Current state of knowledge of effects of offshore renewable energy generation devices on marine mammals & research requirements | Thompson, D., et al. | July 2013 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Marine Mammals |
| Marine bird colony and at-sea distributions along the Oregon coast: Implications for marine spatial planning and information gap analysis | Suryan, R., et al. | April 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds |
| ICES SGWTE Report 2012: Report of the Study Group on Environmental Impacts of Wave and Tidal Energy | International Council for the Exploration of the Sea | May 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| ICES SGWTE Report 2013: Report of the Study Group on Environmental Impacts of Wave and Tidal Energy | International Council for the Exploration of the Sea | March 2013 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| Offshore Renewable Energy Development Plan (OREDP) For Ireland: Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA): Volume 1: Non - Technical Summary (NTS) | Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland | October 2010 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| Prioritisation of monitoring and research for diadromous fish in the context of Marine/Offshore Renewables: A summary of stakeholder engagement meetings between Marine Scotland, wild fisheries interests and wind, wave and tidal developers | Hunter, D., Malcolm, I., Armstrong, J. | March 2014 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement |
| Request for advice on the populations of cetaceans that might be involved in significant interactions with marine renewable energy developments in Scottish marine waters | Northridge, S. | August 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans |
| Population Trends of Breeding Seabird Colonies in Scottish SPAs | Malcolm, F., Lye, G., Lewis, M. | July 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Seabirds |
| Population Sizes of Seabirds breeding in Scottish Special Protection Areas | Lewis, M., et al. | July 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Seabirds |
| OSPAR request to advise on the current state and knowledge of studies into the deployment and environmental impacts of wet renewable technologies and marine energy storage systems | N/A | April 2019 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Pathways of Effects for Offshore Renewable Energy in Canada | Isaacman, L., Daborn, G. | December 2011 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Nearfield Habitat, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Human Dimensions |
| Report on Environmental Impact Assessment and Mitigation Strategies | TROPOS | July 2014 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| MERiFIC 3.2.1: Documentary Summary of the Environmental Impact of Renewable Marine Energy | Sotta, C. | September 2012 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| West Coast Environmental Protocols Framework: Baseline and Monitoring Studies | Klure, J., et al. | September 2012 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Greening Blue Energy: Identifying and Managing the Biodiversity Risks and Opportunities of Offshore Renewable Energy | Wilhelmsson, D., et al. | July 2010 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Understanding the Role of Offshore Structures in Managing Potential Watersipora Invasions | Page, H., et al. | February 2019 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates |
| Marine Planning for Wales - Strategic Scoping Exercise | Welsh Government | March 2015 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning |
| Scotland's National Marine Plan - A Single Framework for Managing Our Seas | Marine Scotland | March 2015 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning |
| Understanding the Potential for Marine Megafauna Entanglement Risk from Marine Renewable Energy Developments | Benjamins, S., et al. | January 2014 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Entrapment | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans |
| The Shipping Industry and Marine Spatial Planning | Patraiko, D., Holthus, P. | November 2013 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning |
| Marine Renewable Energy: A Global Review of the Extent of Marine Renewable Energy Developments, the Developing Technologies and Possible Conservation Implications for Cetaceans | James, V. | November 2013 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans |
| Identification of Outer Continental Shelf Renewable Energy Space-Use Conflicts and Analysis of Potential Mitigation Measures | Conway, F., et al. | September 2012 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning |
| Marine Bird Distribution Along the Oregon Coast | Suryan, R., et al. | April 2012 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds |
| Guide to the OCS Alternative Energy Final Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) | US Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service | October 2007 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Ocean Current, Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Worldwide Synthesis and Analysis of Existing Information Regarding Environmental Effects of Alternative Energy Uses on the Outer Continental Shelf | Michel, J., et al. | July 2007 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Ocean Current, OTEC, Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | N/A |
| JWGBIRD Report 2018: Report of the Joint OSPAR/HELCOM/ICES Working Group on Marine Birds (JWGBIRD) | International Council for the Exploration of the Sea | October 2018 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Seabirds |
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