Knowledge Base
The Knowledge Base provides access to information about the environmental effects of marine and wind energy, supporting OES-Environmental and WREN initiatives. Relevant documents and OES-Environmental metadata forms are compiled into a user-friendly table with advanced filtering. Filters may be selected on the right, or keywords entered in the Search Text box. Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers.
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| Title | Author* | Date** |
Type of Content |
Technology Types | Stressors | Receptors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| An Overview Of Ocean Renewable Energy Technologies | Bedard, R., et al. | June 2010 | Magazine Article | Marine Energy general, OTEC, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| ReNews Global Offshore Wind Report 2012 | Westbrook, T., Kennedy, S., Wachtmeister, W. | November 2012 | Magazine Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Assessing the Impact of Underwater Sounds on Fishes and Other Forms of Marine Life | Hawkins, A., Popper, A. | March 2014 | Magazine Article | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish |
| Measurement and Reduction of Offshore Wind Turbine Construction Noise | Elmer, K., et al. | February 2007 | Magazine Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | N/A |
| A Review of Bird Strike Mortality at Irish Onshore Windfarms | Fennelly, R. | June 2015 | Magazine Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Dynamic Device | Birds |
| Renewable Energy in Scotland | Alldritt, D., Hopwood, D. | May 2010 | Magazine Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy |
| Environmental Assessment of Offshore Wind Power Generation near Rhode Island: Acoustic and Electromagnetic Effects on Marine Animals [Presentation] | Miller, J., et al. | October 2009 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals |
| Migration and Habitat Use by Seabirds in the Atlantic Flyway: Evaluation of Potential Impacts of Proposed Wind Farms | Berlin, A. | January 2012 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Static Device | Birds, Seabirds, Waterfowl |
| Modelling Seabird Collision Risk with Off-Shore Wind Farms | Mateos, M., Arroyo, G., Rosario, J. | May 2011 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Dynamic Device | Birds, Seabirds |
| Robin Rigg Offshore Wind Farm Marine Environmental Monitoring Plan (MEMP): Ecological Analysis Data | Wells, R., Shenton, S. | November 2011 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Birds, Seabirds, Waterfowl, Fish, Marine Mammals |
| Harbour Porpoises in the Southern North Sea - Analysis of Potential Influences of Alpha Ventus in the Context of General Distribution Trends | Gilles, A., et al. | January 2013 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Marine Mammals |
| Birds and Offshore Wind: Studying and Assessing Effects | Pereksta, D. | July 2013 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds |
| Effects of Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations on Mobile Demersal Megafauna and Pelagic Fish - Research at the Alpha Ventus Offshore Wind Farm | Krone, R., Krägefsky, S. | January 2013 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Fish |
| Marine Renewable Energy and the Environment: Progress and Challenges | Polagye, B. | January 2014 | Presentation | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Effects of Offshore Windfarms on Marine Wildlife - A Synthesis for Swedish Waters | Bergström, L., et al. | February 2013 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Ecosystem |
| Offshore Obstruction Lighting - Issues and Mitigation | Blew, J., Nehls, G., Prall, U. | February 2013 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Lighting | Birds |
| The Local Fish Community, Indifferent to the Wind Farm? | van Hal, R., Griffioen, B. | October 2012 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Fish |
| Harbor Seals & Harbor Porpoises-Pile Driving: Detection, Behavioral Response and TTS | Kastelein, R. | November 2013 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Offshore Wind Farms, New Players in Marine Ecosystems | Lindeboom, H. | October 2012 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Ecosystem |
| Porpoises and Offshore Windfarms - Conflict, Co-Existence or Refuge | Scheidat, M. | October 2012 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Marine Mammals |
| Cod and Sole Behaviour in an Offshore Wind Farm | Winter, E., Aarts, G., van Keeken, O. | October 2012 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise, Static Device | Fish |
| Sustainable Seas Ko ngā moana whakauka: National Science Challenge | Hall, J., et al. | July 2015 | Presentation | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Use of Population Viability Analysis (PVA) to Assess the Potential for Long Term Impacts from Piling Noise on Marine Mammal Populations - A Case Study from the Scottish East Coast | De Silva, R., et al. | May 2014 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Impact on seabirds of new offshore wind energy test and demonstration projects in the Biscay Marine Energy Platform (BiMEP, N. Spain) | Bald, J., et al. | March 2017 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Seabirds |
| Bat Migration Across the Southern North Sea and Possible Implications for Offshore Wind Farms | Lagerveld, S., Platteeuw, M. | March 2016 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Bats |
| Long term studies on biogenic reefs and implications for offshore developments | Lancaster, J., Walker, A. | February 2013 | Presentation | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Ecosystem |
| Wind Energy's Subtle Effect - Habitat Fragmentation | Pruett, J. | May 2013 | Presentation | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds |
| Risk of whale encounters with offshore renewable energy mooring lines and electrical cables | Copping, A., Grear, M., Sanders, G. | April 2018 | Presentation | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Collision, Entrapment | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans |
| Risks to Birds and Wildlife from Offshore Wind Farms: BOEMRE NC Task Force | Peterson, C. | May 2011 | Presentation | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles |
| Cautious but Committed - Towards a More Adaptive Environmental Planning Approach for Wind Energy? | Köppel, J. | February 2013 | Presentation | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy |
| Interactions with Offshore Wind Energy: Birds and Bats | Island Institute | January 2012 | Presentation | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Seabirds |
| Fish and Benthos at Alpha Ventus | Reichert, K., et al. | May 2012 | Presentation | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Fish |
| Field Scale Experiments to Assess the Effects of Offshore Wind Farms on Marine Organisms | Gill, A., et al. | July 2011 | Presentation | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | EMF, Noise | Fish |
| Environmental Interview: Effects of Wind Power on Marine Life | Kautsky, L. | March 2016 | Video | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Fish, Marine Mammals |
| Ecological Research on Offshore Wind Farms: International Exchange of Experiences - Part A | Zucco, C., et al. | January 2006 | Workshop Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals |
| Mid-Atlantic Marine Wildlife Surveys, Modeling, and Data: Workshop to Establish Coordination & Communication | Brown-Saracino, J., Smith, C., Gilman, P. | July 2013 | Workshop Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles |
| Status and Applications of Acoustic Mitigation and Monitoring Systems for Marine Mammals | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement | November 2009 | Workshop Article | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals |
| Towards an Environmentally Sound Offshore Wind Energy Deployment | Verfuß, U. | January 2012 | Workshop Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Socio-economics |
| Report of the Workshop on International Harmonisation of Approaches to Define Underwater Noise Exposure Criteria | Lucke, K., et al. | April 2014 | Workshop Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | Benthic Invertebrates, Fish, Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles |
| Electromagnetic Fields Emitted by High Voltage Alternating Current Offshore Wind Power Cables and Interactions with Marine Organisms | Gill, A., et al. | January 2012 | Workshop Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | EMF | N/A |
| Offshore Wind Energy: Understanding Impacts on Great Lakes Fishery and Other Aquatic Resources | GLWC, GLC | March 2013 | Workshop Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Ecosystem |
| Offshore Wind Farms and Marine Mammals: Impacts and Methodologies for Assessing Impacts | Evans, P. | February 2008 | Workshop Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds |
| How Deep does an Anchor Penetrate the Seafloor? | Maushake, C. | November 2013 | Workshop Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Physical Environment |
| Atlas of UK Marine Renewable Energy Resources | ABP Marine Environmental Research | May 2008 | Website | Marine Energy general, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Multipurpose Marine Cadastre | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management | January 2012 | Website | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics |
| OES GIS Map: Offshore Installations Worldwide | Ocean Energy Systems (OES) | January 2014 | Website | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Hornsea Project Three Offshore Wind Farm | RPS Group | March 2018 | Website | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| National Register of Historic Places Database | National Park Service | January 2011 | Website | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Understanding the Environmental Impacts of Offshore Windfarms | Collaborative Offshore Wind Research Into The Environment, Huddleston, J. | November 2010 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Distribution of Harbour Seals in the German Bight in Relation to Offshore Wind Power Plants | Adelung, D., et al. | January 2006 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Effect of Electromagnetic Fields on Marine Organisms | Bochert, R., Zettler, M. | January 2006 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | EMF | N/A |
| Underwater Noise Produced by the Piling Activities During the Construction of the Belwind Offshore Wind Farm (Bligh Bank, Belgian Marine Waters) | Norro, A., et al. | January 2010 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | N/A |
| Effects of Noise on Marine Mammals | Erbe, C., Dunlop, R., Dolman, S. | August 2018 | Book Chapter | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals |
| Effects of Man-Made Sound on Fishes | Hawkins, A., Popper, A. | August 2018 | Book Chapter | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish |
| Marine Renewable Energy and Environmental Interactions: Baseline Assessments of Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles and Benthic Communities on the Oregon Shelf | Henkel, S., Suryan, R., Lagerquist, B. | February 2014 | Book Chapter | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Birds, Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles |
| What is the Source Level of Pile-Driving Noise in Water? | Ainslie, M., et al. | January 2012 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | N/A |
| Challenge of Using Passive Acoustic Monitoring in High-Energy Environments: UK Tidal Environments and Other Case Studies | Booth, C. | January 2016 | Book Chapter | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Review of Offshore Wind Farm Impact Monitoring and Mitigation with Regard to Marine Mammals | Verfuss, U., et al. | January 2016 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Marine Mammals |
| Multiple-Pulse Sounds and Seals: Results of a Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina) Telemetry Study During Wind Farm Construction | Hastie, G., et al. | January 2016 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals |
| Effects of Offshore Wind Farms on the Early Life Stages of Dicentrarchus labrax | Debusschere, E., et al. | January 2016 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish |
| A Framework for Assessing Ecological and Cumulative Effects (FAECE) of Offshore Wind Farms on Birds, Bats and Marine Mammals in the Southern North Sea | Platteeuw, M., et al. | February 2017 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals |
| Is There a State-of-the-Art to Reduce Pile-Driving Noise? | Bellmann, M., et al. | February 2017 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | N/A |
| An Introduction to Marine Renewable Energy | Sheilds, M. | January 2014 | Book Chapter | Marine Energy general, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| The Influence of Fisheries Exclusion and Addition of Hard Substrata on Fish and Crustaceans | Wilhelmsson, D., Langhamer, O. | January 2014 | Book Chapter | Marine Energy general, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Fish |
| Strategic Sectoral Planning for Offshore Renewable Energy in Scotland | Davies, I., Pratt, D. | January 2014 | Book Chapter | Marine Energy general, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Too loud to talk?: Do wind turbine-related sounds affect harbour seal communication? | Lucke, K., et al. | March 2008 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Exploitation of Offshore Wind Energy | Lüdeke, J. | January 2018 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Environmental and Structural Safety Issues Related to Wind Energy | Dai, K., Gao, K., Huang, Z. | May 2017 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind, Offshore Wind | N/A | Ecosystem |
| Environmental implications of offshore energy | Gill, A., et al. | February 2018 | Book Chapter | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Compatibility of offshore energy installations with marine protected areas | Thurstan, R., Yates, K., O'Leary, B. | February 2018 | Book Chapter | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Ecosystem |
| Meaningful stakeholder participation in marine spatial planning with offshore energy | Yates, K. | February 2018 | Book Chapter | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement |
| Capturing benefits | Hooper, T., Ashley, M., Austen, M. | February 2018 | Book Chapter | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Marine spatial planning and stakeholder collaboration | Brooks, P., Jedele, T. | February 2018 | Book Chapter | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement |
| The future of marine spatial planning | Bradshaw, C., Greenhill, L., Yates, K. | February 2018 | Book Chapter | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Marine Spatial Planning |
| Overview of Issues Faced by Wind Energy | Walker, R., Swift, A. | May 2015 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Wind and Wildlife: Siting Issues and Challenges | Walker, R., Swift, A. | May 2015 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind, Offshore Wind | N/A | Bats, Birds, Fish, Terrestrial Mammals |
| Environmental and Ecological Impacts of Wind Energy on Humans: Public and Workforce Safety Issues | Walker, R., Swift, A. | May 2015 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Wind Energy's Impact on Aviation, Radar, and Telecommunications | Walker, R., Swift, A. | May 2015 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind, Offshore Wind | EMF | Socio-economics, Navigation |
| Impact of Wind Energy on the Electric Grid | Walker, R., Swift, A. | May 2015 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics |
| Environmental Impacts and Economics of Offshore Wind Energy | Walker, R., Swift, A. | May 2015 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics |
| Offshore Windfarms | Severinsen, G. | January 2018 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Current situation of offshore development in Germany and environmentally sound expansion of offshore wind energy | van Leusen, S. | January 2014 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Legal and Policy |
| Conservation features: Sensitive species and habitats in the German Exclusive Economic Zone | Krause, J. | January 2014 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Effects of the alpha ventus offshore test site on pelagic fish | Krägefsky, S. | January 2014 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Ecosystem, Fish |
| Effects of the alpha ventus offshore test site on distribution patterns, behaviour and flight heights of seabirds | Mendel, B., et al. | January 2014 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Seabirds |
| Marine habitat modelling for harbour porpoises in the German Bight | Skov, H., et al. | January 2014 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Marine Mammals |
| Noise mitigation systems and low-noise installation technologies | Verfuß, T. | January 2014 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals |
| Cumulative impacts of offshore windfarms | Damian, H., Merck, T. | January 2014 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Farfield Environment |
| Site selection process for floating offshore wind farms in Madeira Islands | Díaz, H., Fonseca, R., Soares, C. | January 2019 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Marine Spatial Planning |
| Of birds, blades and barriers: Detecting and analysing mass migration events at alpha ventus | Hill, R., et al. | January 2014 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Dynamic Device | Birds |
| Seabed morphodynamics due to offshore wind farms | van der Veen, H., Hulscher, S., Lapeña, B. | July 2019 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Recent Developments in Ocean Energy and Offshore Wind: Financial Challenges and Environmental Misconceptions | Esteban, M., Gasparatos, A., Doll, C. | September 2016 | Book Chapter | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Rapid increase of benthic structural and functional diversity at the alpha ventus offshore test site | Gutow, L., et al. | January 2014 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Attraction | Invertebrates |
| Marine Protected Areas and Offshore Wind Farms | Sanders, N., Haynes, T., Goriup, P. | March 2017 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Noise | Marine Mammals |
| Unforeseen Responses of a Breeding Seabird to the Construction of an Offshore Wind Farm | Harwood, A., et al. | February 2017 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds |
| Marine mammals and windfarms: Effects of alpha ventus on harbour porpoises | Dähne, M., et al. | January 2014 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Noise | Marine Mammals |
| Underwater construction and operational noise at alpha ventus | Betke, K. | January 2014 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Noise | Marine Mammals |
| Numerical Calculation of the Impact of Offshore Wind Farm Power Stations on Hydrodynamic Conditions | Zhang, W., Xia, H., Wang, B. | January 2009 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Developments in understanding of red-throated diver responses to offshore wind farms in marine Special Protection Areas | Allen, S., et al. | January 2020 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Waterfowl |
| Environmental and Ecological Impacts of Wind Energy on Humans: Public Health Issues | Walker, R., Swift, A. | May 2015 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind, Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Lighting, Noise | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
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